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The Ecological Footprint of Poverty Alleviation: Evidence from Mexico's Oportunidades Program AgEcon
Alix-Garcia, Jennifer Marie; McIntosh, Craig; Sims, Katharine R.E.; Welch, Jarrod R..
We study the consequences of poverty alleviation programs for environmental degradation. We exploit the community-level eligibility discontinuity for a conditional cash transfer program in Mexico to identify the impacts of income increases on deforestation, and use the program’s initial randomized rollout to explore household responses. We find that additional income increases demand for resource-intensive goods. The corresponding production response and deforestation increase is more detectable in communities with poor road infrastructure. These results are consistent with the idea that better access to markets disperses environmental harm and the full effects of treatment can only be observed where poor infrastructure localizes them.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93046
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Forest Conservation and Slippage: Evidence from Mexico's National Payments for Ecosystem Services Program AgEcon
Alix-Garcia, Jennifer Marie; Shapiro, Elizabeth N.; Sims, Katharine R.E..
Incentive-based programs to reduce deforestation are expected to play an increasingly important role in global efforts to protect ecosystems and sequester carbon but their environmental effectiveness is not clear. We investigate program effectiveness and slippage in the context of Mexico's national payments for hydrological services program, which pays private and communal landowners to maintain forest cover on enrolled lands. To measure program impacts, we use matched controls drawn from the program applicant pool to establish counterfactual deforestation rates in the absence of payments. We find statistically significant but small to moderate avoided deforestation impacts. To examine slippage of deforestation to nonenrolled lands, we develop a model of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Payments for environmental services; Payments for ecosystem services; Program evaluation; Slippage; Leakage; Incentive-based mechanisms; Mexico; Land use; Deforestation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q12; Q24; Q57; R14; O13.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93045
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