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Learning in Organic Farming – An Application on Finnish Dairy Farms AgEcon
Sipilainen, Timo; Oude Lansink, Alfons G.J.M..
Organic farming technology may be relatively unknown to farmers at the time when they switch from conventional into organic farming. Therefore, experience gained over time and learning by doing may be important determinants in the efficiency of organic farming. It may also take time to reach the optimal nutrient stock of soil and optimal nutrient supply for arable crops under organic farming. Thus, efficiency of organic farming can either grow or decrease over time depending on the nature of the technology and the learning process. This paper estimates technical efficiency of organic farming and its development over time. We control for possible selection bias and regional heterogeneity when estimating a stochastic frontier distance functions for a sample...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Technical change; Output distance function; SFA; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C23; D24; D83; O30; Q12.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24493
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Access to Microfinance: Does it Matter for Profit Efficiency Among Small Scale Rice Farmers in Bangladesh? AgEcon
Sumelius, John; Islam, K.M. Zahidul; Sipilainen, Timo.
This paper measures profit efficiency and examines the effect of access to microfinance on the performance of rice firms in Bangladesh. An extended Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier profit function was used to assess profit efficiency and profit loss of rice farmers in Bangladesh in a survey data of 360 farms throughout the 2008-2009 growing seasons. Model diagnostics reveal that serious selection bias exists that justifies the uses of sample selection model in stochastic frontier models. After effectively correcting for selectivity bias, the mean profit efficiency of the microfinance borrowers and non-borrowers were estimated at 68% and 52% respectively, thereby suggesting that a considerable share of profits were lost due to profit inefficiencies in rice...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Stochastic frontier function; Profit efficiency; Selection bias; Bangladesh; Microfinance; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116067
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Opportunity Costs of Providing Crop Diversity in Organic and Conventional Farming: Would Targeted Environmental Policies Make Economic Sense? AgEcon
Sipilainen, Timo; Huhtala, Anni.
Targeted environmental policies for farmlands may improve the cost-efficiency of conservation programs if one can identify the farms that produce public goods, or environmental outputs, with the least cost. We derive shadow values of producing crop diversity on conventional and organic crop farms to examine their opportunity costs of conservation. Non-parametric distance functions are estimated by applying data envelopment analysis to a sample of Finnish crop farms for the period 1994 – 2002. Our results show that there is variation in the shadow values between farms and the technologies adopted. The extent of cost heterogeneity and farms’ potential for specialization in the production of environmental outputs determine whether voluntary programs such as...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Shannon index; DEA; Distance functions; Shadow values; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; C21; D24; H41; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114527
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EFFICIENCY IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF BIODIVERSITY: ORGANIC VS. CONVENTIONAL PRACTICES AgEcon
Sipilainen, Timo; Marklund, Per-Olov; Huhtala, Anni.
Promotion of environmental sustainable farming practices is an important policy goal for the whole agricultural sector. However, when the efficiency of production is measured in practice, enhancement of environmental quality such as biodiversity and other environmental amenities does not seem to be recognized as a positive output produced by agriculture. Here, we include crop diversity index as an indicator of environmental output in a comparison of efficiency of conventional and organic crop farms. Non-parametric technical efficiency scores are estimated applying data envelopment analysis on a sample of Finnish crop farms for 1994 – 2002. The results show that in a pooled data set conventional crop farms are more technically efficient than organic farms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Crop diversity; Shannon index; DDEA; Technical efficiency; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6478
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Measuring productivity differentials – An application to milk production in Nordic countries AgEcon
Sipilainen, Timo; Kuosmanen, Timo; Kumbhakar, Subal C..
The aim of this paper is to analyse the regional productivity differentials on dairy farms in Denmark, Finland and Sweden. Several methods have been suggested for analysing productivity differentials in agriculture between groups of farms or countries. Hayami [5] and Hayami and Ruttan [7] suggested the meta-production function approach. This idea has been further developed by Lau and Yotopoulos [9] and Fulginity and Perrin [13]. Battese and Rao [2] suggested the meta-frontier analysis for these comparisons. One of the advantages of meta-frontiers with respect to metaproduction functions is that they are able to separate technological differences from the differences in technical efficiency. Battese et al. [5] and O’Donnell et al. [16] have extended this...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Productivity; Technical efficiency; Meta-frontier; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44277
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ANALYSING INSTITUTIONS, POLICIES, & FARMING SYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES IN TRANSITION AgEcon
Gatzweiler, Franz W.; Backman, Stefan; Sipilainen, Timo; Zellei, Anett.
The aim of this paper is to develop a comprehensive conceptual framework for the analysis of institutions, policies and farming systems for agri-environmental sustainability in Central and Eastern European countries in transition. The basic unit of analysis is the 'agri-environmental action scenario'. The action scenario consists of a set of components which together shape the outcomes of an agri-environmental action situation. The framework consists of 1) the environmental effects of transition, 2) policies, 3) institutions, and 4) farming systems. We aim at characterising these key elements of the framework, their relationship and interactions, and their role in achieving sustainability at the interface between agriculture and the environment....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18894
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