|
|
|
|
|
| Andres, Christian; Blaser, Wilma J.; Dzahini-Obiatey, Henry K.; Ameyaw, George A.; Domfeh, Owusu K.; Awiagah, Moses A.; Gattinger, Andreas; Schneider, Monika; Offei, Samuel K.; Six, Johan. |
| Currently, the only effective treatment for cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) infected with the cocoa swollen shoot virus disease (CSSVD) is to cut and replant infected trees. Hence, the development of preventive control measures and strategies to mitigate the severity of the disease are of utmost importance. While past research has mainly focused on resistance breeding, mild strain cross protection and vector control, diversification measures such as agroforestry have received relatively less attention, despite their potential to mitigate CSSVD severity. Therefore, we studied the effects of shade on CSSVD symptom severity, capsid damage and cocoa yield along a gradient of increasing shade tree abundance in smallholder cocoa farms in Ghana. Furthermore, we... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Africa. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32272/1/andres_etal_2018_AgriEcosysEnviron_Vol252_p83-92.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Andres, Christian; Hoerler, Raphael; Home, Robert; Jeorin, Jonas; Dzahini-Obiatey, Henry K.; Ameyaw, George A.; Domfeh, Owusu; Blaser, Wilma J.; Gattinger, Andreas; Offei, Samuel K.; Six, Johan. |
| The cocoa swollen shoot virus disease is a major factor limiting cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) productivity for West African farmers. The only treatment against this disease is to cut infected trees and replant with disease-free planting material. Research has recommended the prevention measures: (i) cordon sanitaire (leaving 10-m-wide cocoa-free zone around cocoa), (ii) barrier cropping, (iii) using partly tolerant hybrids, and (iv) removing specific alternative host tree species. Here, we evaluate the current adoption of these measures and identify their adoption constraints. We conducted a quantitative survey with 396 farmers in the Eastern and Western Regions of Ghana, held six focus group discussions and hosted a multi-stakeholder validation workshop... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Africa. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/33936/1/Andres_etal_2018_AgronomySustainableDevelopment_38_35_p1-11.pdf |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Hüppi, Roman; Neftel, Albrecht; Lehmann, Moritz F.; Krauss, Maike; Six, Johan; Leifeld, Jens. |
| Biochar, a carbon-rich, porous pyrolysis product of organic residues, is evaluated as an option to tackle major problems of the global food system. Applied to soil, biochar can sequester carbon and have beneficial effects on nitrogen (N) cycling, thereby enhancing crop yields and reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. There is little understanding of the underlying mechanisms, but many experiments indicated increased yields and manifold changes in N transformation, suggesting an increase in N use efficiency. Biochar's effects can be positive in extensively managed tropical agriculture, however less is known about its use in temperate soils with intensive fertilisation. We tested the effect of slow pyrolysis wood chip biochar on N use efficiency, crop... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Air and water emissions. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34685/1/hueppi_etal-2016_EnvironResLett-Vol11-p084013.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Andres, Christian; Gattinger, Andreas; Kwame Dzahini-Obiatey, Henry; Kwame Offei, Samuel; Six, Johan. |
| West Africa is the world’s most important cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) growing region. The Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease (CSSVD) is one of the major productivity limitations, particularly in Ghana. Some 800’000 farm families’ livelihoods depend on revenues from the crop in Ghana alone. The only measure to treat CSSVD is to cut out infected trees. The national eradication program, implemented by the Ghanaian government since 1946, has cut out more than 250 million trees until today. Despite these efforts, CSSVD is still prevalent in the field. Research has tried to contribute to CSSVD control through breeding for resistant varieties, as well as investigating the effects of barriers with immune crops and protection through a “vaccination” with the mild... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Africa. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/30504/1/Andres_etal_2015_Abstract_SGAS_SAGUF_Conf_final.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Büchi, Lucie; Walder, Florian; Banerjee, Samiran; Colombi, Tino; Hirte, Juliane; Mayer, Jochen; Keller, Thomas; Six, Johan; van der Heijden, Marcel; Charles, Raphael. |
| Soils are of vital importance for sustainable food production. In order to maintain or improve soil quality, it is necessary to develop strategies for a sustainable use of soil. Alternative cropping practices such as reduced tillage and improved crop rotation are more and more adopted with the aim of decreasing the impact of agriculture on the environment. However, their on-the-ground impact in Swiss farming systems still has to be assessed. In this study, we quantified the impact of three farming systems (conventional farming, no-till, and organic farming) on plant and soil chemical, biological and physical properties. Our study included 20 fields for each farming system. All selected fields were cultivated with winter wheat the year of sampling. Soil was... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Soil tillage. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34558/1/buechi-etal-2018-ESA2018_FinalAbstractBook_p36.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Necpalowa, Magdalena; Lee, Juhwan; Skinner, Colin; Büchi, Lucie; Wittwer, Raphaël; Gattinger, Andreas; van der Heijden, Marcel; Mäder, Paul; Charles, Raphaël; Berner, Alfred; Mayer, Jochen; Six, Johan. |
| There is an urgent need to identify and evaluate management practices for their biophysical potential to maintain productivity under climate change while mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from individual cropping systems under specific pedo-climatic conditions. Here, we examined, through DayCent modeling, the long-term impact of soil management practices and their interactions on soil GHG emissions and GHG intensity from Swiss cropping systems. Based on experimental data from four long-term experimental sites in Switzerland (Therwil, Frick, Changins, and Reckenholz), we robustly parameterized and evaluated the model for simulating crop productivity, soil C dynamics and soil N2O emissions across a range of management practices and pedo-climatic... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Switzerland. |
| Ano: 2018 |
|
| |
|
|
| Norah, Efosa; Krause, Hans-Martin; Bünemann, Else K.; Hüppi, Roman; Häni, Christoph; Six, Johan. |
| Background Nitrogen (N) fertilizers are essential for crop production. Farmyard manure and slurry traditionally constitute about half of the total N inputs into crop production in Switzerland. Recycled fertilizers such as biogas slurry, liquid digestates and compost enable simultaneous energy production and closing of nutrient cycles. There is evidence that recycled fertilizers can help to increase N use efficiencies and to improve N supply in organic farming. Biochar amendment has shown a potential to mitigate soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, in particular nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Here, we combine one of the liquid recycled fertilizer treatments with biochar. In a 2.5-years on-farm experiment, we quantify GHG emissions and further gaseous... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Soil. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/33934/1/Poster_Climate_effects_NEfosa_2018.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Hüppi, Roman; Felber, Raphael; Krauss, Maike; Six, Johan; Leifeld, Jens; Fuß, Roland. |
| The static chamber approach is often used for greenhouse gas (GHG) flux measurements, whereby the flux is deduced from the increase of species concentration after closing the chamber. Since this increase changes diffusion gradients between chamber air and soil air, a nonlinear increase is expected. Lateral gas flow and leakages also contribute to non linearity. Several models have been suggested to account for this non linearity, the most recent being the Hutchinson±Mosier regression model (HMR). However, the practical application of these models is challenging because the researcher needs to decide for each flux whether a nonlinear fit is appropriate or exaggerates flux estimates due to measurement artifacts. In the latter case, a flux estimate from the... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Specific methods; Air and water emissions. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34683/1/hueppi_etal_2018_PlosOne_Vol13_Issue7-p1-17.pdf |
| |
|
|
|
