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Registros recuperados: 17
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Will Small-Scale Dairy Producers in Kenya Disappear Due to Economies of Scale in Production? AgEcon
Omiti, John M.; Wanyoike, F.; Staal, Steven J.; Delgado, Christopher L.; Njoroge, L..
There is growing policy concern regarding the competitiveness of small-scale livestock production in the wake of the contemporary livestock revolution in many developing countries. In Kenya, this debate has focused on economies of scale and the undue influence of policy distortions on promoting the scaling up of dairy farms. This paper seeks to investigate economies of scale in Kenyan dairy in terms of relative profit efficiency at different levels of output, and identify policy and technology options to help small-scale farmers develop solutions to the challenges of competition. Data were collected from 204 dairy producers of different farm sizes in rural Kiambu and Thika, and urban Nairobi districts and a stochastic frontier model approach was used to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Dairy Production; Stochastic Production Frontier; Efficiency; Profitability; Livestock Production/Industries; C21; Q12.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25674
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Effects of Resource Constraints on the Production Systems and Earnings Potential of Small Farm Households in the West Province of Cameroon AgEcon
Staal, Steven J.; Davis, Carlton George.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Production Economics.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44656
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Market outlet choices in the context of changing demand for fresh meat: implications for smallholder inclusion in pork supply chain in Vietnam AgEcon
Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.; Toan, Nguyen Ngoc; Que, Nguyen Ngoc; Jabbar, Mohammad A.; Tisdell, Clement A.; Staal, Steven J..
This paper reports on the findings of a study to investigate market outlet choice decision-making of urban consumers in Vietnam with regards to fresh pork purchases and generate empirical evidence on factors that influence these choices. Data from a survey of 600 consumers in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City was used to estimate a multinomial logit model of market outlet choice based on three alternatives: traditional temporary market outlets, permanent open markets, and modern retail outlets. Results suggest that market outlet choice by consumers of fresh pork in urban cities of Vietnam is conditioned by factors related to mobility and level of affluence, time budgets, concerns about food safety and hygiene, proximity to market outlets, and geographical...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Market outlet choice; Pork supply chain; Smallholders; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; D01; C25.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51437
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Natural Protection from International Competition in the Livestock Industry: Analysis, Examples and Vietnam's Pork Market as a Case AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A.; Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.; Staal, Steven J.; Que, Nguyen Ngoc.
In some countries, local agricultural products (particularly livestock products) are shielded from international competition by ‘natural’ factors influencing the purchase of products. These factors include strong local tastes (or preferences) that favour the local product and the absence (or relative absence) of complementary retail outlets or home appliances suitable for storing and preparing potential imported substitutes. The desire for fresh meat rather than chilled or frozen meat, the absence or limited accessibility of supermarket outlets and limited refrigeration possibilities in homes can limit imports into developed countries of meat supplied by developed countries. From consumer’s perspectives these fresh or raw products are significantly...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural policies; Asia; Economies of scale; Farm sizes; Household agriculture; Industrial agriculture; Pigs; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Q1; Q11; Q12; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90628
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Livestock Sector in North-Eastern Region of India: An Appraisal of Performance AgEcon
Kumar, Anjani; Staal, Steven J.; Elumalai, K.; Singh, Dhiraj Kumar.
Although agriculture is the prime source of livelihood for a majority of rural population in the North-Eastern region (NER) of India, dependence on livestock as an alternative source of income is significant. Responding to the burgeoning demand for livestock products in a sustainable manner is a big challenge. The widening gap between the demand and supply of livestock products can be met through bringing out changes in the production structure or opening up the international trade. In this context, an analysis of performance and factors influencing development of the livestock sector in NER has been carried out. The growth of livestock sector has been found slower in the NER than at the national level. However, a significant proportion of landless...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47332
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Smallholder Dairy Farmer Access to Alternative Milk Market Channels in Gujarat, India AgEcon
Kariuki, E.; Staal, Steven J.; Baltenweck, Isabelle; Njoroge, L.; Patil, B.R.; Ibrahim, Mohammed Nawaz Mohammed.
Although India is already the worlds largest milk producer, dairy production particularly among smallholder and even landless farmers continues to grow with growing demand. Currently over 80% of that milk marketed passes through traditional channels handling raw milk and traditionally processed products, in spite of the high profile given to cooperative dairy development through the Operation Flood programs. However, the growing middle class is likely to increase the demand for the more formal processed and pasteurized products, which the traditional market generally cannot deliver. This may shift opportunities for market participation and development away from smallholder dairy producers towards larger farmers who can deliver larger daily quantities of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Smallholder dairy; Conditional logit; McFaddens; Milk markets; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; D1; Q12; Q13; C21.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25496
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Is Contract Farming Really Pro-poor? Empirical Evidence from Northern Vietnam AgEcon
Tiongco, Marites M.; Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.; Costales, Achilles; Son, Nguyen Tuan; Jabbar, Mohammad A.; Staal, Steven J..
Maintaining smallholder competitiveness in the changing market for pigs and pig meat remains an important development challenge, particularly in the context of pro-poor public policymaking. With the ongoing rapid changes in market organizations to respond to changing consumer demand and market requirements, there are viable institutional options and market organizations for smallholders to remain active participants in the pig industry where they are substantially contributing in terms of total output. Results from this study suggest that there is limited scope for smallholder pig producers to participate in formal contracts; however, smallholders were found to participate in informal contracts with cooperatives and with input/output traders that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Northern Vietnam; Multinomial logit model; Contractual arrangements; Pig production and marketing; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51161
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Smallholder Dairy Farmers’ Access to Modern Milk Marketing Chains in India AgEcon
Kumar, Anjani; Staal, Steven J.; Singh, Dhiraj Kumar.
The smallholder dairy farmers’ access to modern milk marketing chain has been assessed in India by collecting data at the farm level in two states, viz. Bihar and Punjab. These states are among the largest milk producing states of the country but depict stark variations in terms of milk productivity and per capita milk availability. Another significant feature is the emergences of modern milk marketing chains in both the states. The study has shown that in spite of the growing presence of modern milk supply chains, the traditional milk supply chain is still dominant in the Indian milk market. Its presence is even more pronounced in less-developed states like Bihar. However, the traditional milk supply chain is being replaced, albeit slowly, with the...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Milk marketing chain; Smallholders; Dairy farmers; Modern milk marketing chain; Bihar; Punjab; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118232
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Analysis of Factors Influencing Adoption of Dairy Technologies In Western Kenya AgEcon
Makokha, Stella Nabwile; Karugia, Joseph Thuo; Staal, Steven J.; Oluoch-Kosura, Willis.
Indicators of poverty in western Kenya show high poverty levels. The area has low dairy development yet the potential for dairy development is quite high. Dairy farming has the potential to reduce poverty by increasing incomes and reducing unemployment. This paper reports factor interrelationships in dairy adoption with a view to understanding factors that influence adoption. The binary probit model was used to analyse data from 1575 households. Contrary to findings from similar studies elsewhere, some factors had a negative association with adoption, thus unfolding a unique adoption process. The association between the factor interactive affects and technology adoption highlighted the importance of exploring factor interrelationships. The widely held...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Adoption; Factor interrelationship; Spatial factors; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52094
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Valuation of Cow Attributes by Conjoint Analysis: A Case Study in Western Kenya AgEcon
Makokha, Stella Nabwile; Karugia, Joseph Thuo; Staal, Steven J.; Oluoch-Kosura, Willis.
The objective of the study was to determine the value that different households attach to attributes of the dairy cow. The cow attributes were, milk yield, disease resistance, feed requirement. The valuation was done in order to quantify the economic trade-offs made during adoption of dairy technologies, assess resource availability, households perceptions on dairy technologies and their farming priorities. This was necessary to understand the adoption patterns of dairy technologies observed and suggest intervention. The Marginal Rate of Substitution (MRS), Marginal Willingness to Pay (mWTP), and Marginal Willingness to Accept (mWTA) that were used were determined from conjoint (CJ) analysis using data from a survey of 630 households in Western Kenya. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Cow attributes; Conjoint; Marginal willingness to accept; Marginal willingness to pay; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25752
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Formal Milk Processing Sector in Assam: Lessons to be Learnt from Institutional Failure AgEcon
Sirohi, Smita; Kumar, Anjani; Staal, Steven J..
Assam initiated organised development of milk processing way back in the mid 1960s. The total installed capacity of pasteurisation and chilling plants in the State is 159 thousand and 28.5 thousand litres per day, respectively. The current scenario of the formal milk processing segment in the state is however, grim. The created infrastructure is either largely defunct or grossly under-utilized. The functional plants are operating at very low level of their installed capacity, have limited product profile, high returns of marketed milk, substantial handling and curdling losses, low productivity of capital and labour and huge operational losses. The poor performance of the plants has been attributed to the establishment of milk processing units without an...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57407
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Dynamic Changes in Dairy Technologies Uptake in the Kenya Highlands AgEcon
Baltenweck, Isabelle; Yamano, Takashi; Staal, Steven J..
A number of African countries experienced since the mid 1980s a process of market liberalization that was expected to increase smallholders' access to inputs and outputs markets through the entry of private players. The effect on production, through uptake of improved technologies is however unclear. This paper aims at better understanding the dynamics of dairy technology uptake using a rich dataset of 874 households surveyed at two points of time. Using panel data enables to show the importance of differentiating 'permanent adopters' and 'temporary adopters'. Farmers with large land holdings are those who are able to have improved cattle at the two points of time, while those with smaller land size may not be able to maintain their animals on farm, either...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C21; D1; O3; Q12.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25571
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Dairy Cow Ownership and Child Nutritional Status in Kenya AgEcon
Nicholson, Charles F.; Mwangi, Lucy; Staal, Steven J.; Thornton, Philip K..
This study examines the hypothesis that dairy cow ownership improves child nutritional status. Using household data from coastal and highland Kenya, three econometric model formulations are estimated. Positive impacts on chronic malnutrition are observed for coastal Kenya. No negative effects on acute or chronic malnutrition are found for either region.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22154
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SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT USING INTEGRATED HOUSEHOLD AND GIS DATA FROM SMALLHOLDER KENYAN FARMS AgEcon
Staal, Steven J.; Romney, D.; Baltenweck, Isabelle; Waithaka, Michael M.; Muriuki, H.; Njoroge, L..
Although soil fertility is recognized as a primary constraint to agricultural production in developing countries, use of fertilizer in Sub-Saharan Africa is declining. Smallholder farmers still rely heavily on livestock manure for soil fertility management. To explore the determinants of soil fertility management practices, including both the use of cattle manure and inorganic fertilizer, data are used from a sample of 3,330 geo-referenced farm households across Central and Western Kenya. A bivariate probit model is applied to jointly examine the use of the two technologies. Particular attention is given to measures of location related to market access and agroclimate, which in the adoption literature have typically been addressed using crude proxies....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Spatial analysis; Soil fertility; Market access; Technology adoption.; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25903
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Valuation of cow attributes by conjoint analysis: A case study of Western Kenya AgEcon
Makokha, Stella Nabwile; Karugia, Joseph Thuo; Staal, Steven J.; Oluoch-Kosura, Willis.
Better dairy production could reduce poverty and improve nutrition in western Kenya, but the requisite technologies have not been widely adopted. This study collected dairy cow attributes from 630 households to evaluate what factors influence smallholder farmers to adopt technologies. Conjoint analysis was used to compute the marginal rate of substitution between attributes, marginal willingness to pay, and marginal willingness to accept. Two ethnic groups had the highest willingness to pay for cattle with a high milk yield and low feed requirement. The highest marginal rate of substitution for cattle with a high disease resistance and a low feed requirement was from households with off-farm income, from areas with a good agro-climate, and from areas where...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Conjoint analysis; Valuation of cow attributes; Dairy production; Kenya; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57012
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DAIRY COW OWNERSHIP AND CHILD NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN KENYA AgEcon
Nicholson, Charles F.; Mwangi, Lucy; Staal, Steven J.; Thornton, Philip K..
Dairy cow ownership has been widely promoted by a number of development projects in Kenya (and other countries in East Africa) for the last two decades, and the country has the largest population of smallholder producers with dairy cows in sub-Saharan Africa. Supporters of dairy development efforts often have assumed that there will be positive nutritional impacts from increased milk consumption by dairy cow-owning households. This expectation has been further strengthened by recent research findings about the micronutrient benefits of animal product consumption. However, the nutritional impacts of more intensive dairying have received relatively little study to date in East Africa. This paper develops a conceptual framework that identifies key pathways...
Tipo: Technical Report Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122122
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CATTLE AS ASSETS: ASSESSMENT OF NON-MARKET BENEFITS FROM CATTLE IN SMALLHOLDER KENYAN CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS AgEcon
Ouma, Emily Awuor; Obare, Gideon A.; Staal, Steven J..
This paper uses data from a survey of two hundred and fifty cattle households in three cattle keeping systems; intensive, semi-intensive and extensive systems to estimate the value of non-market, socio-economic benefits of cattle in Kenya. These benefits of cattle keeping are of special importance in developing countries, where financial markets function poorly and opportunities for risk management through formal insurance generally absent. However, when estimating the total contribution of livestock, these non-market functions are often ignored since they are difficult to value, yet they may contribute to a better understanding of livestock production systems. The use of contingent valuation method is employed in this study to elicit these non-market...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; QQ112; QQ118; DD223.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25895
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