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Competition, Kinship or Reciprocity? Village Experiments in Alternative Modes of Exchange AgEcon
Subramanian, Arjunan; Qaim, Matin.
In this paper, detailed data on transactions in a village commodity market are used to explain the puzzle of sluggish agricultural supply response. We show that existence of reciprocity among sellers exhibits multiple equilibria and creates trade diversion. Large volumes of the commodity are sold to a trader who does not offer the best price, but on whom sellers depend through transactions in other markets. An implication of this trader-idiosyncratic effect on supply is that policies that affect prices may result in different supply responses.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Reciprocity; Kinship; Neighborhood effects; Trader idiosyncrasy; Equilibrium; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25434
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Rural Poverty and Employment Effects of Bt Cotton in India AgEcon
Subramanian, Arjunan; Qaim, Matin.
The impact of genetically modified (GM) crops on the poor in developing countries is still the subject of controversy. While previous studies have examined direct productivity effects of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton and other GM crops, little is known about wider socioeconomic outcomes. We use a microeconomic modelling approach and comprehensive survey data from India to analyze welfare and distribution effects in a typical village economy. Bt cotton adoption increases aggregate employment with interesting gender implications. Likewise, aggregate household incomes rise, including for poor and vulnerable farmers, highlighting that Bt cotton contributes to poverty reduction and rural development.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified crops; Poverty; Rural development; Village economy; Social accounting matrix; Impacts; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50555
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