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| Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Pfeil, Benjamin; Landa, Camilla S.; Metzl, Nicolas; O'Brien, Kevin M.; Olsen, Are; Smith, Karl; Cosca, Cathy; Harasawa, Sumiko; Jones, Stephen D.; Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro; Nojiri, Yukihiro; Schuster, Ute; Steinhoff, Tobias; Sweeney, Colm; Takahashi, Taro; Tilbrook, Bronte; Wada, Chisato; Wanninkhof, Rik; Alin, Simone R.; Balestrini, Carlos F.; Barbero, Leticia; Bates, Nicholas R.; Bianchi, Alejandro A.; Bonou, Frederic; Boutin, Jacqueline; Bozec, Yann; Burger, Eugene F.; Cai, Wei-jun; Castle, Robert D.; Chen, Liqi; Chierici, Melissa; Currie, Kim; Evans, Wiley; Featherstone, Charles; Feely, Richard A.; Fransson, Agneta; Goyet, Catherine; Greenwood, Naomi; Gregor, Luke; Hankin, Steven; Hardman-mountford, Nick J.; Harlay, Jerome; Hauck, Judith; Hoppema, Mario; Humphreys, Matthew P.; Hunt, Christopherw.; Huss, Betty; Ibanhez, J. Severino P.; Johannessen, Truls; Keeling, Ralph; Kitidis, Vassilis; Koertzinger, Arne; Kozyr, Alex; Krasakopoulou, Evangelia; Kuwata, Akira; Landschuetzer, Peter; Lauvset, Siv K.; Lefevre, Nathalie; Lo Monaco, Claire; Manke, Ansley; Mathis, Jeremy T.; Merlivat, Liliane; Millero, Frank J.; Monteiro, Pedro M. S.; Munro, David R.; Murata, Akihiko; Newberger, Timothy; Omar, Abdirahman M.; Ono, Tsuneo; Paterson, Kristina; Pearce, David; Pierrot, Denis; Robbins, Lisa L.; Saito, Shu; Salisbury, Joe; Schlitzer, Reiner; Schneider, Bernd; Schweitzer, Roland; Sieger, Rainer; Skjelvan, Ingunn; Sullivan, Kevin F.; Sutherland, Stewart C.; Sutton, Adrienne J.; Tadokoro, Kazuaki; Telszewski, Maciej; Tuma, Matthias; Van Heuven, Steven M. A. C. .; Vandemark, Doug; Ward, Brian; Watson, Andrew J.; Xu, Suqing. |
| The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) is a synthesis of quality-controlled fCO(2) (fugacity of carbon dioxide) values for the global surface oceans and coastal seas with regular updates. Version 3 of SOCAT has 14.7 million fCO(2) values from 3646 data sets covering the years 1957 to 2014. This latest version has an additional 4.6 million fCO(2) values relative to version 2 and extends the record from 2011 to 2014. Version 3 also significantly increases the data availability for 2005 to 2013. SOCAT has an average of approximately 1.2 million surface water fCO(2) values per year for the years 2006 to 2012. Quality and documentation of the data has improved. A new feature is the data set quality control (QC) flag of E for data from alternative sensors and... |
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| Ano: 2016 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00383/49405/49890.pdf |
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| Fay, Amanda R.; Lovenduski, Nicole S.; Mckinley, Galen A.; Munro, David R.; Sweeney, Colm; Gray, Alison R.; Landschuetzer, Peter; Stephens, Britton B.; Takahashi, Taro; Williams, Nancy. |
| The Southern Ocean is highly under-sampled for the purpose of assessing total carbon uptake and its variability. Since this region dominates the mean global ocean sink for anthropogenic carbon, understanding temporal change is critical. Underway measurements of pCO(2) collected as part of the Drake Passage Time-series (DPT) program that began in 2002 inform our understanding of seasonally changing air-sea gradients in pCO(2), and by inference the carbon flux in this region. Here, we utilize available pCO(2) observations to evaluate how the seasonal cycle, interannual variability, and long-term trends in surface ocean pCO(2) in the Drake Passage region compare to that of the broader subpolar Southern Ocean. Our results indicate that the Drake Passage is... |
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| Ano: 2018 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00673/78488/80826.pdf |
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| Takahashi, Taro; Sutherland, S. C.; Chipman, D. W.; Goddard, J. G.; Ho, Cheng; Newberger, Timothy; Sweeney, Colm; Munro, D. R.. |
| Climatological mean monthly distributions of pH in the total H+ scale, total CO2 concentration (TCO2), and the degree of CaCO3 saturation for the global surface ocean waters (excluding coastal areas) are calculated using a data set for pCO(2), alkalinity and nutrient concentrations in surface waters (depths <50 m), which is built upon the GLODAP, CARINA and LDEO databases. The mutual consistency among these measured parameters is demonstrated using the inorganic carbon chemistry model with the dissociation constants for carbonic acid by Lueker et al. (2000) and for boric acid by Dickson (1990). Linear potential alkalinity-salinity relationships are established for 24 regions of the global ocean. The mean monthly distributions of pH and carbon chemistry... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Global ocean; Surface water; PH; Carbonate chemistry; Climatology; Seasonal and decadal change. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00290/40098/38796.pdf |
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| Takahashi, Taro; Sweeney, Colm; Hales, Burke; Chipman, David W.; Newberger, Timothy; Goddard, John G.; Iannuzzi, Richard A.; Sutherland, Stewart C.. |
| Various human activities, including fossil fuel combustion and forest clearing, emit about eight petagrams (or billion tons) of carbon in the form of CO2 into the atmosphere annually. The global ocean absorbs about two petagrams of CO2, and about a half of that amount is absorbed by the Southern Ocean south of 30°S, thus slowing the rapid accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. Partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) is a measure of the chemical driving force for the CO2 exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere. This paper discusses its space and time distribution over the Southern Ocean. The major sink zone for atmospheric CO2 is located in a latitude belt between 30°S and 50°S, where the biological utilization of CO2 and cooling of warm subtropical waters... |
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| Ano: 2012 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00140/25171/23277.pdf |
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| Landschutzer, Peter; Gruber, Nicolas; Haumann, Alexander; Rodenbeck, Christian; Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Van Heuven, Steven; Hoppema, Mario; Metzl, Nicolas; Sweeney, Colm; Takahashi, Taro; Tilbrook, Bronte; Wanninkhof, Rik. |
| Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean-the ocean's strongest region for the uptake of anthropogenic CO2-has weakened in recent decades. We demonstrated, on the basis of multidecadal analyses of surface ocean CO2 observations, that this weakening trend stopped around 2002, and by 2012 the Southern Ocean had regained its expected strength based on the growth of atmospheric CO2. All three Southern Ocean sectors have contributed to this reinvigoration of the carbon sink, yet differences in the processes between sectors exist, related to a tendency toward a zonally more asymmetric atmospheric circulation. The large decadal variations in the Southern Ocean carbon sink suggest a rather dynamic ocean carbon cycle that varies more... |
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| Ano: 2015 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00292/40366/38974.pdf |
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| Song, Hajoon; Marshall, John; Munro, David R.; Dutkiewicz, Stephanie; Sweeney, Colm; Mcgillicuddy, D. J., Jr.; Hausmann, Ute. |
| We investigate the role of mesoscale eddies in modulating air-sea CO2 flux and associated biogeochemical fields in Drake Passage using in situ observations and an eddy-resolving numerical model. Both observations and model show a negative correlation between temperature and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2)) anomalies at the sea surface in austral summer, indicating that warm/cold anticyclonic/cyclonic eddies take up more/less CO2. In austral winter, in contrast, relationships are reversed: warm/cold anticyclonic/cyclonic eddies are characterized by a positive/negative pCO(2) anomaly and more/less CO2 outgassing. It is argued that DIC-driven effects on pCO(2) are greater than temperature effects in austral summer, leading to a negative correlation. In... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: CO2 flux; Mesoscale eddy; Southern Ocean; Vertical mixing; Nutrient fluxes. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00383/49407/49894.pdf |
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