SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Tisdell, Clement A.; Swarna Nantha, Hemanath.

Opinions differ about what types of policies are likely to be most effective in conserving wildlife species. For example, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) is based on the premise that curbing the commercial use of endangered species favours their conservation, whereas the Convention on Biological Diversity envisages the possibility that such use may contribute to the conservation of species. In Australia, as illustrated in the case of the saltwater crocodile, the governments of the Northern Territory and Western Australia have favoured the latter policy in recent years whereas Queensland has favoured the former approach. The saltwater crocodile management plan of the Northern Territory provides an...

An Overview and Assessment of The Economics of Leisure

Palavras-chave: Australia; Conservation economics; Convention on Biological Diversity; Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species; Crocodylus porosus; Property rights; Saltwater crocodiles; Sustainable use; Wildlife conservation.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55068

This is a draft of the introductory chapter for The Economics of Leisure which is being published by Edward Elgar Publishing Pty Ltd, Cheltenham, UK, and Northampton, Massachusetts, by whom all rights are reserved. It will appear in The International Library of Critical Writings in Economics series, in two volumes. The draft Table of Contents for these volumes are set out in the Appendix to this paper. Feedback is welcome

What role does knowledge of wildlife play in providing support for species' conservation

Palavras-chave: Leisure; Recreation; Work-leisure choices; Neoclassical economics; Welfare; Taxation; Public Economics; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90540

Wilson, Clevo; Tisdell, Clement A..

Conservation of biodiversity is a complex issue. Apart from the creation of nature reserves, there is a plethora of other factors that are part of this complex web. One such factor is the public knowledge of species. Since public funding is imperative for the conservation of species and creation of reserves for them it is important to determine the public’s awareness of species and their knowledge about them. In the absence of such awareness and knowledge, it is possible that the public may misallocate their support. In other words, resources may be provided for species that do not need support urgently. We show how availability of balanced information about species helps the public to make rational decisions and to allocate support (e.g. monetary) to...

Female Participation in Decision-Making in Agricultural Households in Kenya: Empirical Findings

Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Conservation; Australia’s tropical wildlife; Public knowledge; Balanced information.; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51417

Kiriti, Tabitha; Tisdell, Clement A.; Roy, Kartik C..

Survey data on which this paper is based were collected in a rural district in Kenya between December 2000 and January 2001. The main objective was to identify the factors that determine female participation in household decision-making. Our results suggest that bargaining models and resource theory cannot be applied in a society where customarily determined sex and social stratification systems place males higher than females and determines that only men make major decisions. Our results support the hypothesis that cultural theory is more significant than bargaining models or resource theories in determining women's participation in decision-making in Kenya.

Thirty Years of Economic Reform and Openness in China: Retrospect and Prospect

Palavras-chave: Resource theory; Bargaining theory; Cultural theory; Unified household model; Decision-making; Empowerment and entitlement.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100210

This article provides a general coverage of political decisions in China to undertake, continue and extend its economic reforms and its goal of opening up to the outside world. It also considers the consequences of Chinese policies. The period leading up to the decision in 1978 to begin the reforms is considered first, particularly the period beginning in 1976, the year in which Zhou Enlai and Mao Zedong died and the Gang of Four were arrested. Hu Guofeng succeeded Mao Zedong a Chairman of the CCP but did not propose any new ways forward for China. By 1978, however, Deng Xiaoping was able to exert substantial influence on the policy choices of the CCP. As discussed, the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the CCP held in 1978 adopted his...

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Economic Globalization

Palavras-chave: China; Chinese policies; Chinese Communist Party (CCP); China's economic reforms; International Development; Political Economy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90620

Argues that it is unrealistic to expect the net benefit of economic globalization to be represented by a single monetary figure because its consequences are diverse and several of its consequences are uncertain. The benefits of economic globalization are accessed in terms of its possible impact on the level of global production and exchange of commodities. Both static and dynamic analysis are considered and particular attention is given to economies of scale and to technological change. Possible beneficial impacts of economic globalization on product variety are considered. The economic consequences of International mobility of factors of production (such as labour and capital) are assessed. In addition, the impacts of globalization on conditions of...

Sustainable Development and Intergenerational Equity: Issues Relevant to India and Globally

Palavras-chave: Economic globalization; Economies of scale; Labour mobility; Income inequality; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90614

As outlined, recurring concerns have surfaced since the 1700s that economic growth may prove to be unsustainable. These concerns have been expressed again and have intensified in recent decades but their foundation differs from that of Malthus. The rapid economic growth of China and India have added to these worries. Recent discussions by economists of the desirability of achieving sustainable economic development have mainly focused on measures to attain intergenerational equity in resource use and the dominant view is that each succeeding generation should be at least as well-off as its predecessor. While this is said to be an implication of Rawls’ principle of justice, this dominant rule does not fully reflect Rawls’ principle and it also can violate...

Socioeconomic Determinants of the Intra-family Status of Wives in Rural India: Analysis and Empirical Evidence

Palavras-chave: China; Economic growth; India; Intergenerational equity; Rawls’ principle of justice; Sustainable economic development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; O13; O44; Q01.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97470

Tisdell, Clement A.; Roy, Kartik C.; Regmi, Gopal.

Relying on a structured survey of 117 wives in four rural villages in the Midnapore District of West Bengal, this article investigates the influence on the intra-family status of wives of variables which may increase the bargaining power of wives in their family. Several indicators of status are considered and investigated using the ANOVA technique and probit analysis. The main hypothesis considered is whether the results support bargaining theories of the intrahousehold status of wives or the view that gender status is primarily determined in Indian society by social customs and the patriarchal structure of society. Given the overall patriarchal structure of Indian society, the results indicate that bargaining theories are at best only marginally...

The Pattern of Livelihoods in a Typical Rural Village Provides New Perspectives on Botswana's Development

Palavras-chave: Bargaining theories of family; Economic theories of family; Gender Development Index (GDI); India; Patriarchy; Status of wives; Consumer/Household Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90509

Moepeng, Pelotshweu T.; Tisdell, Clement A..

Botswana’s average economic growth rate of about 8 per cent during 1985-2005 is one of highest in the world. A major contributor of this growth was mining which, in 2005/06, had a 41.4 per cent share of GDP. Various government welfare and empowerment programmes indicate that redistribution of the mineral wealth is widespread in Botswana. This article will show that the pattern of livelihoods in a typical rural village has changed and provide new perspectives on Botswana’s development. In particular, the article will show that contrary to expectations, agriculture is no longer a major source of income to the rural economy but income transfers from out migrants members of rural based households. It will also be shown that the proportion of the rural...

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Botswana; Rural poverty; Agriculture; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123548

Linking Policies for Biodiversity Conservation with Advances in Behavioral Economics

Global biodiversity loss and its consequences for human welfare and sustainable development have become major concerns. Economists have, therefore, given increasing attention to the policy issues involved in the management of genetic resources. To do so, they often apply empirical methods developed in behavioral and experimental economics to estimate economic values placed on genetic resources. This trend away from almost exclusive dependence on axiomatic methods is welcomed. However, major valuation methods used in behavioral economics raise new scientific challenges. Possibly the most important of these include deficiencies in the knowledge of the public (and researchers) about genetic resources, implications for the formation of values of supplying...

Competition and Evolution in Economics and Ecology Compared

Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Behavioral economics; Contingent valuation; Experimental economics; Travel cost method.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55087

Animal Health Economics. What Can It Do? What Are the Big Questions?

Palavras-chave: Industrial economics; Species interdependence; Industrial evolution; Biological evolution; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90506

It is argued that while considerable development of animal health economics has occurred in recent decades, it has not yet achieved its potential coverage. It has been mostly applied to livestock, particularly livestock used for commerce, and its application to a range of other animals has been relatively neglected. Extending its coverage also requires widening the type of objectives taken into account in the analysis. Furthermore, the main focus of animal health economics has been on the economics of controlling and managing the occurrence of diseases. The economic role of genetics, the environment, nutrition and the comfort of animals in their health ought to be given greater attention. In the case of zoonoses, the economic analysis should be extended to...

Good Governance in Sustainable Development: the Impact of Institutions

Palavras-chave: Animal health economics; Diseases; Health economics; Information economics; Precautionary principle; Public economics; Zoonoses; Farm Management; Health Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Public Economics; I10; Q19.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97472

Roy, Kartik C.; Tisdell, Clement A..

Birds - Their importance to visitors to an Australian Rainforest

Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53595

Tisdell, Clement A.; Wilson, Clevo.

Lamington National Park in Queensland, Australia is noted for its rainforest and is part of Australia’s fourteen World Heritage listed properties but no systematic study has been done of the importance of birds to its visitors. This study rectifies this situation. It is based on data from survey forms handed to visitors at an important site in this park and completed by visitors following their visit. This yielded 622 useable replies. These enabled us to establish the comparative importance of birds as an attraction to this site. Furthermore, logit regression is used to analyze and to identify factors that increase the likelihood of a visitor saying that birds are an important attraction. In addition, the relative importance to visitors of various...

Globalisation, Development and Poverty in the Pacific Islands: The Situation of the Least Developed Pacific Island Nations

Palavras-chave: Australia; Biodiversity; Birds; Rainforest; Tourism; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48976

Under pressure from external forces, involvement of Pacific Island nations in processes of globalisation and associated structural adjustment policies is being accelerated. Conditional aid and financial assistance from Bretton Woods' institutions and their 'relatives' such as the Asian Development Bank, as well as advice from donor countries, have played a significant role in these processes. these processes combined with reduced foreign aid and internal socioeconomic dynamics have resulted in major social conflicts and tensions in the Pacific Islands. Poverty in some Pacific Island nations, such as in the Solomon Islands, is already more serious than in Asia, including Bangladesh, and the situation is deteriorating with proportionall school enrolments...

Market-Oriented Reforms in Bangladesh and their Impact on Poverty?

Palavras-chave: Pacific Island nations; Globalisation; Human Poverty Index (HPI); Human Development Index (HDI); Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100208

Tisdell, Clement A.; Alauddin, Mohammad.

After providing some general background on developments in Bangladesh’s economy, the article indicates the nature of international political pressures, as represented by the Washington consensus, put on Bangladesh to adopt market-oriented reforms. The sequencing and pattern of Bangladesh’s market reforms and their consequences for its external balance are then examined. Particular attention is given to the fact that its macroeconomic reforms preceded its microeconomic ones. The impacts of Bangladesh’s market reforms on the incidence of poverty can be seen as part of the general question of the effects of these reforms on social welfare. The Human Development Index (HDI) for Bangladesh is considered in this context. Poverty may be measured in different...

Alternative Specifications and Extensions of the Economic Threshold Concept and the Control of Livestock Pests

Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Human Development Index (HDI); Human Poverty Index (HPI); Washington Concensus; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90521

Davis, Rex; Tisdell, Clement A..

Outlines economic threshold models developed by various authors as an aid to decision-making about pest management. Particular attention is given to the models proposed by Stern et al. (1959) and by Headley (1972) and the major differences in their concepts of the economic threshold. Limitations and scope for applying these models is discussed as well as differences in the extent of their applications are reviewed. After considering general issues in this respect, particular matters are given attention such as difficulties raised by complexities in the nature of yield loss function due to uncertainty in pest densities, the presence of multiple-pests, and the occurrence of pesticide resistance. An extension is provided for multiple species pest models to...

Externalities, Thresholds and the Marketing of New Aquacultural Products: Theory and Examples

Palavras-chave: Pest control; Pest management; Livestock; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48381

Tourism Economics and its Application to Regional Development

Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Market development; Market externalities; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90468

Efficient Public Provision of Commodities: Transaction Costs, Bounded Rationality and Other Considerations

Palavras-chave: Tourism; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53637

After briefly reviewing recent economic theories about the economic welfare consequences of public provision of private commodities, this article examines the cost efficient supply of publicly provided commodities. In the light of the presence of transaction costs and bounded rationality, and consequences for the competence of public bodies, it considers whether the following are cost effective: (1) increased out-sourcing of government funded work and supplies using market and competitive mechanisms; (2) greater contestability of employment in the public sector; (3) more widespread imposition of user charges for publicly supplied commodities; and (4) the increased use of performance budgeting and accounting in the public sector. These measures are often...