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| Registros recuperados: 17 | |
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| Ramos, Joao; Torgler, Benno. |
| We study the broken windows theory with a field experiment in a shared area of a workplace in academia (department common room). We explore academics’ and postgraduate students’ behaviour under an order condition (clean environment) and a disorder condition (messy environment). We find strong support that signs of disorderly behaviour triggers littering. In the disorder treatment 59% of the subjects litter compared to 18% in the order condition. The results remain robust when controlling compared to previous studies for a large set of factors in a multivariate analysis. When academic staff members and postgraduate students observe that others violated the social norm of keeping the common room clean the probability of littering increases ceteris paribus by... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Broken Windows Theory; Field Experiment; Littering; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Z130; C930; K420. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94623 |
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| Torgler, Benno; Valinas, Maria A. Garcia; Macintyre, Alison. |
| The paper investigates empirically the differences in preferences towards protection of the environment. Using seven different dependent variables to focus on the impact of age, gender and children we use a large micro data set covering data from 33 Western and Eastern European countries. The results indicate that women have both a stronger preference towards the environment and a stronger willingness to contribute. Moreover, we observe the tendency of a negative correlation between age and environmental preferences. However, a positive effect is visible once we focus on the impact of age on social norms (environmental morale). Finally, we were not able to observe that having children is positively correlated with a stronger preference towards the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Preferences; Environmental Morale; Gender; Age; Children; H260; H730; D640. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6371 |
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| Dong, Bing; Torgler, Benno. |
| We explore theoretically and empirically whether social interaction, including local and global interaction, influences the incidence of corruption. We first present an interaction-based model on corruption that predicts that the level of corruption is positively associated with social interaction. Then we empirically verify the theoretical prediction using within-country evidence at the province-level in China during 1998 to 2007. Panel data evidence clearly indicates that social interaction has a statistically significantly positive effect on the corruption rate in China. Our findings, therefore, underscore the relevance of social interaction in understanding corruption. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Social Interaction; China; Political Economy; K420; D720; D640; O170; J240. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99686 |
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| Torgler, Benno; Garcia-Valinas, Maria A.. |
| This paper investigates empirically the determinants of individuals attitudes towards preventing environmental damage in Spain using data from the World Values Survey and European Values Survey for the periods 1990, 1995 and 1999/2000. Compared to many previous studies, we present a richer set of independent variables and found that strongly neglected variables such as political interest and social capital have a strong impact on individuals preferences to prevent environmental damage. An interesting aspect in our study is the ability to investigate environmental preferences over time. The results show strong differences over time. Finally, using disaggregated data for Spanish regions, we also find significant regional differences. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12229 |
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| Dong, Bin; Torgler, Benno. |
| This paper presents theoretical and empirical evidence on the nexus between corruption and democracy. We establish a political economy model where the effect of democracy on corruption is conditional on income distribution and property rights protection. Our empirical analysis with cross-national panel data provides evidence that is consistent with the theoretical prediction. Moreover, the effect of democratization on corruption depends on the protection of property rights and income equality which shows that corruption is a nonlinear function of these variables. The results indicate that democracy will work better as a control of corruption if the property rights system works and there is a low level of income inequality. On the other hand if property... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Democracy; Income inequality; Property rights; Political Economy; D73; H11; P16. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99685 |
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| Torgler, Benno; Schmidt, Sascha L.; Frey, Bruno S.. |
| Many studies have established that people care a great deal about their relative economic position and not solely, as standard economic theory assumes, about their absolute economic position. However, behavioral evidence is rare. This paper provides an empirical analysis on how individuals relative income position affects their performance. Using a unique data set for 1114 soccer players over a period of eight seasons (2833 observations), our analysis suggests that the larger the income differences within a team, the worse the performance of the soccer players is. The more the players are integrated in a particular social environment (their team), the more evident this negative effect is. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12180 |
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| Grigoriadis, Theocharis N.; Torgler, Benno. |
| This paper investigates the relative impact of regional energy production on the legislative choices of Russian Duma deputies on energy regulation between 1994 and 2003. We apply Poole's optimal classification method of roll call votes using an ordered probit model to explain energy law reform in the first decade of Russia's democratic transition. Our goal is to analyze the relative importance of home energy on deputies' behavior, controlling for other factors such as party affiliation, electoral mandate, committee membership and socio-demographic parameters. We observe that energy resource factors have a considerable effect on deputies' voting behavior. On the other hand, we concurrently find that regional economic preferences are constrained by the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12116 |
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| Dong, Bin; Torgler, Benno. |
| In this study we explore in detail the causes of corruption in China using two different sets of data at the regional level (provinces and cities). We observe that regions with more anti-corruption efforts, histories of British rule, higher openness, more access to media and relatively higher wages of government employees are markedly less corrupt; while social heterogeneity, regulation, abundance of resource and state-owned enterprises substantially breed regional corruption. Moreover, fiscal decentralization is discovered to depress corruption significantly, while administrative decentralization fosters local corruption. We also find that there is currently a positive relationship between corruption and economic development in China that is mainly driven... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Corruption; China; Government; Decentralization; Deterrence; Social Heterogeneity; Political Economy; D730; H110; K420. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91024 |
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| Torgler, Benno. |
| The paper reports on work values in Europe. At the country level we find that job satisfaction is related to lower working hours, higher well-being, and a higher GDP per capita. Moving to the micro level, we turn our attention from job satisfaction to analyse empirically work centrality and work value dimensions (without exploring empirically job satisfaction) related to intrinsic and extrinsic values, power and social elements. The results indicate substantial differences between Eastern and Western Europe. Socio-demographic factors, education, income, religiosity and religious denomination are significant influences. We find additional differences between Eastern and Western Europe regarding work-leisure and work-family centrality that could be driven by... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Work Values; Job Satisfaction; Work-Leisure Relationship; Work-Family Centrality; Eastern Europe; Western Europe; Labor and Human Capital; P20; D10; J28; J17; J22. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120045 |
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| Torgler, Benno; Dong, Bin. |
| The topic of corruption has recently attracted a great deal of attention, yet there is still a lack of micro level empirical evidence regarding the determinants of corruption. Furthermore, the present literature has not investigated the effects of political interest on corruption despite the interesting potential of this link. We address these deficiencies by analyzing a cross-section of individuals, using the World Values Survey. We explore the determinants of corruption through two dependent variables (perceived corruption and the justifiability of corruption). The impact of political interest on corruption is explored through three different proxies, presenting empirical evidence at both the cross-country level and the within-country level. The results... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Political Interest; Social Norms; K420; D720; O170; J240. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36763 |
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| Dong, Bin; Torgler, Benno. |
| With complementary Chinese data sets and alternative corruption measures, we explore the consequences of corruption. Adopting a novel approach we provide evidence that corruption can have both, positive and negative effects, on economic development. The overall impact of corruption might be the balance of the two simultaneous effects within a specific institutional environment (“grease the wheels” and “sand the wheels”). Corruption is observed to considerably increase income inequality in China. We also find that corruption strongly reduces tax revenue. Looking at things from an expenditure point of view we observe that corruption significantly decreases government spending on education, R&D and public health in China. We also observe that regional... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Corruption; China; Government; Economic Development; Inequality; Environment; Political Economy; D720; H110; K420. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91006 |
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| Registros recuperados: 17 | |
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