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| Carpentier, Chantal Line; Vosti, Stephen A.; Witcover, Julie. |
| Recently scientists have started to examine how land-uses and land-use technologies can help mitigate carbon emissions. The half million small-scale farmers inhabiting the Amazon frontier sequester large stocks of carbon in their forests and other land uses that they might be persuaded to maintain or even increase through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol. On average, small-scale farmers in the Pedro Peixoto settlement project of Acre (Western Brazilian Amazon), had a stock of 10,067 tons of above- and below-ground carbon on their farms in 1994, 88 percent of which was stored in their forest reserves. The income and carbon mitigation effects of three types of carbon payments are analyzed in this paper: (1) above- or total-carbon... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16090 |
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| Vosti, Stephen A.; Witcover, Julie; Carpentier, Chantal Line. |
| Despite the importance of tropical moist forests for conserving biodiversity and storing carbon, forests continue to fall, because the private benefits of clearing land for agriculture far outweigh tangible economic gains from retaining forests. This report measures the financial disparity between forested and cleared land for small-scale farmers in two settlements in the western Brazilian Amazon where pastures are expanding and forests receding. Considering smallholder land use decisionswhen and how much to deforest and for what purposethe report weighs the trade-offs and complementarities among three development objectives: economic growth through agriculture, environmental sustainability, and poverty alleviation. Drawing on field data collected in the... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16528 |
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| Witcover, Julie; Vosti, Stephen A.; Lipton, Michael. |
| Green Revolution technologies were developed and promoted in the 1960s in response to alarm about impending famine in Asia. By boosting food supplies and fostering development, the technologies were expected to create "breathing space" for completing demographic transitions there. This paper uses District-level data from rural India on agricultural transformation (from 1961 to 1981) and on changes in human fertility (from 1971 to 1981) to examine whether they did so. In a reduced form model, female literacy and marriage rates emerged as strong fertility change determinants; effects varied by age cohort. Growth in real wages in rural areas, in part brought about by HYV technologies, accelerated fertility declines. With real wage growth effects of Green... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Development; Q16; J1; Q18; D1; O3. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25443 |
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| Vosti, Stephen A.; Witcover, Julie; Lipton, Michael. |
| foster development, both of which were expected to create "breathing space" for achieving demographic transitions in developing countries through lowered human fertility. Little comprehensive research, however, has been done on the effects of those technologies themselves on human fertility -- leaving unanswered the question of whether particular types of agricultural technologies were actually increasing, or decreasing, this demographic "breathing space." This paper uses District-level data from rural India on agricultural change (from 1961 to 1981) and changes in human fertility (from 1971 to 1981) to assess the impact of the former on the latter, with particular emphasis on high yielding (HYV) Green Revolution technologies. Modifying a conceptual... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1994 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42823 |
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| Witcover, Julie; Rosegrant, Mark W.. |
| This first in a series of regional conferences on this subject brought together more than fifty agricultural scientists and policymakers from China, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and from international agricultural research centers and the Asian Development Bank to discuss how best to promote "sustainable agricultural intensification"—natural resource management that safeguards productivity of the natural resource base while meeting economic growth and poverty alleviation objectives. The regional conference series began in East and Southeast Asia partly because of the area's already broad experience with intensified farming systems on high potential lands alongside shifting cultivation, or upland or hillside cultivation, on more... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42805 |
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