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| Stadler, Marina; Zihlmann, Urs; Scherrer, Caroline; Jossi, Werner; Streit, Bernhard. |
| In a small-plot field trial 33 green manure plants (GM) were examined for their ability to suppress weeds in a no-tillage system. A roll-chopper was used to suppress the GMs before seeding winter wheat. The success of this organic method to control GMs was compared to the standard method using a non selective herbicide. Species of the group brassicaceae, monocotyles and plant mixtures covered the soil faster, produced more biomass and suppressed weeds more efficiently than species of the group legumes and dicotyles. In spring, weed infestation in all roll-chopper treatments always exceeded economic threshold values whereas in the herbicide treatment weed infestations remained below these values. Additionally, wheat yield and density was reduced in... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/14397/1/Stadler_14397.pdf |
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| Säle, Verena; Aguilera, Paula; Laczko, Endre; Mäder, Paul; Berner, Alfred; Zihlmann, Urs; van der Heijden, Marcel G.A.; Oehl, Fritz. |
| Communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are strongly affected by land use intensity and soil type. The impact of tillage practices on AMF communities is still poorly understood, especially in organic farming systems. Our objective was to investigate the impact of soil cultivation on AMF communities in organically managed clay soils of a long-term field experiment located in the Sissle valley (Frick, Switzerland) where two different tillage (reduced and conventional mouldboard plough tillage) and two different types of fertilization (farmyard manure & slurry, or slurry only) have been applied since 2002. In addition, a permanent grassland and two conventionally managed croplands situated in the neighborhood of the experiment were analyzed as... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil tillage; Soil. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/30696/1/saele-etal-2015-SoilBiolBiochemistry-Vol84-p38-52.pdf |
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| Zihlmann, Urs; Tschachtli, Ruedi; Oberholzer, Hans-Rudolf; van der Heijden, Marcel; Oehl, Fritz. |
| The effect of integrated and organic farming on crop yield as well as on environmental and economic performance was investigated in a large scale field experiment near Lucerne (Switzerland), which was running for 18 years. Crop yield in organically managed fields was, depending on crop species, between 3% and 36% lower compared to conventionally managed fields. Only slight variations in crop quality were observed between the farming systems, probably as a result of the high nitrogen mineralization potential of the soils in this experiment. Our results show that organic farming on fertile soils provides good yields and is – under the given Swiss agricultural policy – economically beneficial. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/17594/3/Oehl_17594.pdf |
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| Fried, Padruot M.; Zihlmann, Urs; Strasser, Fredi; Tschachtli, Ruedi; Ammann, Helmut; Dubois, David. |
| Long-term trials are necessary not only to judge agronomic and ecological indicators when studying organic farming, but also to analyze and describe economic parameters. From 1997-2002, an organic arable farming system (Bio) was compared with two Integrated farming systems (IP intensive and IP extensive) on 6 plots in a 6-year crop rotation at Burgrain near Lucerne, Switzerland. The 6 plots were subdivided into 3 subplots of 0.65 ha each. In the organic system, the input of fertilizer and pesticides was substantially reduced, which resulted in a yield reduction of 19% over all 4 arable crops and of 14% if the temporary lays are included. Nevertheless, the organic system showed an excellent net profit, mainly due to the higher prices paid to the farmers for... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Specific methods. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/4352/4/Fried_etal_4p_revised%2Ded.doc |
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| Jossi, Werner; Zihlmann, Urs; Dubois, David; Pfiffner, Lukas. |
| Im DOK-Versuch werden seit 1978 zwei biologische und zwei konventionelle Anbauverfahren sowie ein ungedüngtes Kontrollverfahren miteinander verglichen. Regenwurm-Erhebungen von 2001 bis 2005 haben gezeigt, dass sowohl bei der Biomasse wie bei der Anzahl Regenwürmer keine gesicherten Unterschiede zwischen den mit Mist und Gülle gedüngten Verfahren D2, O2 und K2 festzustellen sind. Dabei waren die Werte generell auf einem für Ackerböden hohen Niveau. Gegenüber früheren Erhebungen konnten mit dem Verzicht regenwurmtoxischer Pflanzenschutzmittel seit 1992 die Regenwürmer auch in den konventionellen Verfahren geschont und regeneriert werden. Das rein mineralisch gedüngte Verfahren M2 wies gegenüber den Hauptverfahren eine 13 % geringere Regenwurm-Biomasse auf,... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/13144/1/jossi%2Detal%2D2007%2Ddok_AF.pdf |
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| Oberholzer, Hans-Rudolf; Zihlmann, Urs. |
| In a large scale field experiment near Lucerne (Switzerland) the effect of integrated and organic farming systems on soil microbial parameters was investigated. Three farming systems, IP intensive, IP extensive and organic farming (“Bio”) were com-pared on six plots during 18 years. The six year crop rotation with two years of ley (grass-clover mixture) was identical for all treatments, as was soil tillage, except that tillage in IP extensive was switched to non-inversion tillage starting in 2003. Soil sam-ples from 0 to 20 cm depth were taken in spring, between 1993 to 1996 every year and after 1998 every second year. The samples were analysed for soil microbial biomass (substrate induced respiration SIR and since 2002 chloroform fumigation extraction... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Soil biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/17581/3/Oberholzer_17581.pdf |
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