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| Registros recuperados: 78 | |
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| Hochman, Gal; Rajagopal, Deepak; Zilberman, David. |
| Regulatory agencies are planning to implement policies targeted at mitigating greenhouse gas emissions (GHG)—e.g., low carbon fuel standards and carbon trading. Biofuels are viewed as a path to achieve these goals. Biofuels, however, pose challenges to regulators because their GHG emissions are site-specific (there are regional differences, as well as technical differences) and uncertain. In this article, we propose methodological improvements to existing methods that yield better estimates for biofuel GHG emissions, and reduce uncertainty. We propose to break the net emissions caused by a regulated site, such as an oil refinery, into two parts: direct and indirect emissions. Direct emissions arise both at and away from the final regulated site, but are... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53496 |
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| Jin, Yanhong H.; Zilberman, David; Heiman, Amir. |
| This study presents a framework to analyze how uncertainty about product attributes affects consumers' WTP for brand name products over generic ones, incorporating key elements of a random utility model and product attribute models. We found that in comparison to electronics, clothing, and processed food, consumers buy brand name vegetables and fruits mainly because of quality uncertainty, and they can easily reduce uncertainty of product quality of fresh vegetables and fruits by seeing, touching, smelling, and tasting. Hence, consumers are less willing to pay for brands of fresh vegetables and fruits. However, simulation results show that brands of fresh fruits and vegetables may have a similar price premium as other products, but they lack the market... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19192 |
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| Zilberman, David; Heiman, Amir. |
| Economic research generates a wide array of benefits. These include information, technological change, and improved policy. There are few quantitative studies of the benefits of economic research, and some benefits may be misattributed to biological and physical research. To be productive, economic research must be transmitted and the user must be able to use it. Therefore, investment in extension outreach and economic literacy are important to improve its impact. Even casual observation suggests that economic research is valuable, but noneconomists must be convinced of this. Since benefits are likely to be concentrated in a small number of successful projects, a useful approach to the assessment of the benefits of research is to identify these projects... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48288 |
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| Parliament, Claudia; Tsur, Yacov; Zilberman, David. |
| Understanding the allocation of labor between collective and private activities within cooperatives has been an issue of interest for economists and policy makers. This paper extends existing literature by incorporating income uncertainty from both private and collective activities, and by assuming that members are risk averse. The analysis suggests a member's labor response to policy parameters can be decomposed into three components: the mean effect, reflecting the labor response under certainty or risk neutrality; the variance effect, reflecting the response to changes in risk; and the wealth effect, reflecting the response to changes in risk aversion associated with changes in wealth. The analysis demonstrates the labor response may be reversed from... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 1986 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13672 |
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| Hochman, Gal; Rajagopal, Deepak; Zilberman, David. |
| This paper derives a method to quantify the impact of biofuel on fuel markets, assuming that these markets are dominated by cartel of oil-rich countries, and that prices in these countries are set to maximize the sum of domestic consumer and producer surplus, leading to a wedge between domestic and international fuel prices. We model this behavior by applying the optimal export tax model (henceforth, the cartel-of-nations model) to the fuel markets. Using data from 2007 to calibrate the model, we show that the introduction of biofuels reduces global fossil fuel consumption and international fuel prices by about 1% and 2%, respectively. We identify large differences between the effects of introducing biofuels using the cartel-of-nations model, in contrast... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Energy; OPEC; Biofuel; Fuel; Carbon savings; Optimal export tax model; Cheap oil; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F1; Q4. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59170 |
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| Rajagopal, Deepak; Zilberman, David. |
| A key argument in the societal debate against polices to support biofuels is that production of these alternative fuels may in fact consume more energy than they generate and emit more greenhouse gases than they sequester (Fargione et al., 2008; Searchinger et al., 2008; Rajagopal and Zilberman, 2007; Farrell et al., 2006; Pimentel and Patzek, 2005). Metrics like net energy value, net carbon value and net petroleum offset are the basis for comparing the various fuels and are the source of these debates. The technique that underlies the calculation of these metrics is called lifecycle assessment or lifecycle analysis (LCA). A central aspect of LCA (described in detail in the next section) is it assumes linear technologies and produces outcomes that are... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49090 |
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| Zilberman, David; Millock, Katti. |
| This article argues that the existing maze of pesticide policies reflects the multidimensionality of side effects of pesticide use that cannot be addressed by uniform policies. Pesticide policies will improve as (a) economic literacy among natural scientists and policymakers increases; (b) economic models of pesticide use and agricultural production in general better incorporate biological consideration; (c) benefit-cost criteria are introduced to determine regulations of pesticide, and (d) policies are enacted that take advantage of new information technologies and enable increased reporting of pesticide use. Moving from bans toward financial incentives and flexible policies that will allow chemical use where the benefit-cost ratios are high will improve... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30857 |
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| Cash, Sean B.; Zilberman, David. |
| Although individuals with poor food security might be expected to have reduced food intake, and therefore a lower likelihood of being overweight, some empirical evidence has indicated that overweight status is actually more prevalent among the food insecure. As obesity is associated with excessive energy intake, and hunger reflects an inadequate food supply, such observations would appear to be paradoxical. We develop an economic model that shows that this apparently paradoxical result is consistent with rational behavior regarding food availability risk and the effectiveness of food storage options. The amount of internal storage increases as the variance of food productivity in the second period increases, which is consistent with the empirical... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21083 |
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| Serra, Teresa; Zilberman, David; Gil, Jose Maria. |
| We focus on determining the impacts of government programs on farms technical inefficiency levels. We use Kumbhakars (2002) stochastic frontier model that accounts for both production risks and risk preferences. Our theoretical framework shows that decoupled government transfers are likely to increase (decrease) DARA (IARA) farmers production inefficiencies if variable inputs are risk decreasing. However, the impacts of decoupled payments cannot be anticipated if variable inputs are risk increasing. We use farm-level data collected in Kansas to illustrate the model. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9952 |
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| Serra, Teresa; Zilberman, David. |
| Our paper looks at how price volatility in the Brazilian ethanol industry changes over time and across markets. Demand and supply forces in the energy and food markets are likely to ensure that crude oil, ethanol and feedstock prices co-move in the long-run. Hence, when assessing price volatility changes and spillovers in the ethanol industry, one should also pay attention to the notion of cointegration. Until recently, the methods proposed to estimate cointegration relationships, have not explicitly considered time varying volatility in the data. Seo (2007) suggests an estimator of the cointegration vector that explicitly models conditional heteroskedasticity. More specifically, he proposes a maximum likelihood estimator that estimates the error... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Volatility; Ethanol; Cointegration; Demand and Price Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q11; C32. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49940 |
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| Heiman, Amir; Miranowski, John A.; Zilberman, David; Alix-Garcia, Jennifer Marie. |
| While the demand for traditional agricultural economics is diminishing, there is a growing need for the economics and management of the food sector and the environment. Departments of agricultural economics have shown great flexibility in including agribusiness in their Bachelor's and Master's teaching programs. Ph.D and research programs appear to adjust more slowly to changing demand. Although agricultural economics programs are providing a variety of service course offerings, opportunities for joint programs with biological, physical, and natural sciences, particularly resource management, are not being exploited. If business schools decide to compete for agribusiness students in the future, missed opportunities with other departments and schools may... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural economics; Education; Extension; Research; Agribusiness; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14657 |
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| Cash, Sean B.; Sunding, David L.; Zilberman, David. |
| EPA has the authority to ban pesticides to reduce health risks to consumers from food residues. Such bans influence the price of fruits and vegetables, and the resulting consumption shifts impact consumer health. We develop a framework to compare the direct and indirect health effects of pesticide regulation, and investigate the distribution of these effects across social groups. Under some plausible scenarios, the increased incidence of disease from reduced fruit and vegetable consumption outweigh the direct benefits of regulation. Furthermore, high income consumers receive the greatest direct health benefit from pesticide cancellations, whereas low and medium income consumers are most hurt by the resulting dietary changes. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Health Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19821 |
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| Registros recuperados: 78 | |
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