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MEASURING ACCESS TO FOOD IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF LATIN AMERICA 31
Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager; Rosen, Stacey L..
The participants at the food summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 1996 pledged to reduce the number of hungry by half by 2015. Measuring and quantifying food insecurity is a crucial component of making progress towards that goal. This paper presents one possible approach towards measuring what share of the population might be affected by food insecurity and to what extent. A food security threshold can be calculated as the sum of the cost of a food basket and the cost of other basic necessities. This food security threshold can then be compared to available income. We calculated two food security threshold levels, one based on a representative healthy food basket and one based on a low-cost healthy food basket. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19716
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FOOD SECURITY IN BRAZIL: CAN "LULA" KEEP HIS PROMISE? 31
Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager; Rosen, Stacey L..
Brazil, a country with a population of more than 170 million, has embarked on a path to eradicate hunger and poverty. President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (commonly known as "Lula") declared as his goal to cut the number of hungry people to zero during his presidency. Poverty and hunger afflict a large proportion of the population in part because of highly skewed income distribution. The poorest income quintile (20 percent of the population) owned 2.2 percent of the national income while the richest quintile owned about two-thirds in 1998. Using USDA/ERS food security models, we measure food availability and access, calculate the number of hungry people, and estimate income growth required to eradicate food insecurity. According to the ERS food...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22049
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THE U.S. ROLE IN THE FOOD AID PICTURE 31
Shapouri, Shahla; Rosen, Stacey L.; Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/14/04.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20265
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Converging Patterns in Global Food Consumption and Food Delivery Systems 31
Frazao, Elizabeth; Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager; Regmi, Anita.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123992
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Trade and Development When Exports Lack Diversification: A Case Study From Malawi 31
Persaud, Suresh Chand; Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager.
Developing countries, particularly those that depend heavily on a small number of agricultural exports, are vulnerable to domestic and international shocks. These countries often have difficulty achieving sustained economic growth. This analysis uses Malawi, a country that earns most of its foreign exchange from tobacco, as a case study of export concentration and heavy exposure to volatility. The econometric results suggest that the decline in Malawi’s gross domestic product (GDP) when tobacco exports are falling is almost three times greater than the increase in GDP when exports are rising. Model-based simulations indicate that variability in tobacco exports leads to slower economic growth because GDP falls by a relatively large amount in response to a...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Malawi; Tobacco; Export-led growth; Asymmetry; Volatility; Productivity; Trade; Development; Marketing efficiency; Price transmission; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55943
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Trade and Development When Exports Are Volatile: A Case Study From Malawi 31
Persaud, Suresh Chand; Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122564
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Trade and Welfare Impacts of Partial Liberalization of U.S. Sugar TRQs: The Application of a PE/GE Modeling Approach 31
Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager; Grant, Jason H.; Regmi, Anita.
The sugar sector is one of the most heavily protected commodities in agriculture using a system of tariff rate quotas (TRQs) with a complex set of administration procedures. General equilibrium models are not suitable to analyze trade liberalization scenarios that involve numerous tariff-rate quotas across narrowly defined product lines. We use the Rutherford/Grant/Hertel modeling approach by embedding a detailed, partial equilibrium (PE) model into a standard, global general equilibrium (GE) framework. We use this PE/GE model to compare trade and welfare outcomes of two liberalization scenarios: Increasing quota levels by 25% and cutting over tariffs by 50%, versus increasing quota levels by 50% and cutting over-quota tariffs by 25%. We find that lowering...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61657
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Income Growth in Developing Countries Can Increase U.S. Agricultural Exports 31
Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager; Muhammad, Andrew; Rada, Nicholas E..
Developing and middle-income countries are becoming increasingly important export markets for high-value agricultural products due to population, urbanization, and income growth. The U.S. agricultural export sector is well placed to meet the increasing demand for high-value food products, such as meat, dairy products, and prepared foods. In many developing countries, agricultural productivity growth is the strongest driver of income growth.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121240
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Low-Income Countries Are Most Responsive to Income and Food Price Changes 31
Muhammad, Andrew; Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121015
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International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns: An Update Using 2005 International Comparison Program Data 31
Muhammad, Andrew; Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager.
In a 2003 report, International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns, ERS economists estimated income and price elasticities of demand for broad consumption categories and food categories across 114 countries using 1996 International Comparison Program (ICP) data. This report updates that analysis with an estimated two-stage demand system across 144 countries using 2005 ICP data. Advances in ICP data collection since 1996 led to better results and more accurate income and price elasticity estimates. Low-income countries spend a greater portion of their budget on necessities, such as food, while richer countries spend a greater proportion of their income on luxuries, such as recreation. Low-value staples, such as cereals, account for a larger share of the...
Tipo: Technical Report Palavras-chave: ICP 2005; High-value food products; Consumption patterns; Marginal share; Income elasticity; Price elasticity; ERS; USDA; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120252
Registros recuperados: 10
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