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| Kerr, William A.; Hobbs, Anna L.. |
| The accession of China to the WTO may take place in the near future. While much attention has been given to the effect this will have on international trade and the Chinese economy, less attention has been given to the effect on the WTO. China is a large, developing, transition economy that is likely to alter the WTO in a number of ways. The paper examines three aspects of China's accession and their implications for the WTO: (1) will China play by the rules?; (2) market socialism in the WTO's market-based system; and (3) the organisation's decision-making process. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Accession; China; Decision making; Unequal treaties; WTO; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23853 |
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| Feher, Istvan; Papp, Zsolt. |
| Based on the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) approach this paper provides an assessment of the competitive position of the Hungarian agro-food industry in view of EU integration. The situation in the food processing sector is assessed with the use of actual cost data from representative Hungarian companies. The paper presents an assessment of the current situation prior to EU integration as well as a future outlook under various scenarios with regard to the expected policy environment and the rate of technological change. The actual measurement of competitiveness in this study focuses mainly on Private Resource Cost (PRC) which indicates competitiveness under real market conditions and Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) which gives an assessment on the social or... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Competitiveness; Strategy; Accession; Technology development; Investment; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24848 |
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| Malkawi, Bashar H.. |
| Jordan acceded to the WTO in 1999. In its accession Jordan agreed, for example, to reduce tariffs on imported products and open its services market; it also modified its intellectual property regime. Jordan enjoyed special and differential treatment in few areas and was not able to designate olive oil as a good eligible for special safeguards. The WTO agreements required fundamental changes in the domestic laws and regulations of Jordan. The article concludes by arguing that Jordan's accession to the WTO was a lengthy and costly process. Jordan agreed to an arduous package of legal and economic reforms. Given that Jordan agreed to greater commitments compared to the obligations of the original WTO members, the multilateral trading system witnessed an... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Accession; Free trade; Intellectual property; Jordan; Market access; WTO; Financial Economics; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57329 |
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| Fuller, Frank H.; Beghin, John C.; de Cara, Stephane; Fabiosa, Jacinto F.; Fang, Cheng; Matthey, Holger. |
| We analyze the impact of China's accession to the World Trade Organization on major crop and livestock markets using the FAPRI modeling framework. We incorporate expected changes in consumer income, textile production, and trade policies as exogenous shocks to the baseline model. Following accession, revenues decline in China's livestock, grain, and oilseed industries, while cotton production prospers despite increased cotton imports. Chinese consumers benefit from lower food prices, with vegetable oil, dairy, and meat consumption increasing significantly. Argentina, Brazil, Canada, the European Union, and the United States are the greatest beneficiaries from expanded agricultural trade with China. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Accession; Agricultural trade; China; Policy analysis; Simulation models; Trade liberalization; World Trade Organization; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18522 |
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| Colby, Hunter; Diao, Xinshen; Tuan, Francis C.. |
| This analysis examines the implications of WTO accession for China's domestic policies and institutions by identifying some of China's agricultural policies and institutional arrangements that may generate conflicts with WTO requirements and analyzing the nature and extent of the conflict. We differentiate three alternative ways that China's current domestic policy or institutions may conflict with or be incompatible with WTO accession: (1) the domestic policy or institution is expressly prohibited by WTO rules and principles; (2) the changes required by WTO accession impose additional costs on the government such that the existing policy or institutions are difficult to sustain; and (3) the changes required for WTO accession reduce the effectiveness of... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Accession; China; Domestic policies and institutions; WTO; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23859 |
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| ALMEIDA,Silvana de F. Oliveira de; SILVA,Letícia R Carvalho; JUNIOR,Gilson Celso A. Chagas; OLIVEIRA,Guilherme; SILVA,Silvia Helena Marques da; VASCONCELOS,Santelmo; LOPES,Alessandra Santos. |
| ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to identify the yeasts involved in spontaneous fermentation of cocoa from the Brazilian Amazon region. The fermentation process was carried out experimentally with cocoa seeds from two sites (Medicilândia and Tucumã), State of Pará, northern Brazil, during a six-day period. Totals of 44 yeasts were isolated from Medicilândia and 29 from Tucumã. Molecular identification was carried out by sequencing the D1/D2 region fragment of the rRNA 26S gene, expanded with universal primers for the NL1GC and LS2 eukaryotes. Pichia manshurica and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were identified in Medicilândia and five yeast species (Pichia fermentans, P. kudriavzevii, P. manshurica, S. cerevisiae and Zygosaccharomyces bailii) were... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Accession; Molecular identification; Cocoa beans; Pichia Manshurica; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Theobroma cacao. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672019000100064 |
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