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Relationships among Estimates of Additive Genetic Variance, Dominance Genetic Variance and Inbreeding Depression for Type Traits in Holstein Population of Japan OAK
河原, 孝吉; 後藤, 裕作; 山口, 諭; 鈴木, 三義.
本分析では,ホルスタインの体型形質に関する相加的遺伝分散,優性遺伝分散および近交退化量の関連性を調査した.体型記録は,日本ホルスタイン登録協会北海道支局において1984年4月から2002年3月までの期間に体型審査を実施した244,078頭の雌牛から抽出された.使用した形質は,6の体型得点形質および16の線形式体型形質であった.分析には,母数効果として牛群・年次,泌乳ステージ,審査月齢および近交退化量,変量効果として個体,両親の組合せおよび残差が含まれた単記録モデル(SM),さらに変量として永続的環境効果を追加した反復記録モデル(RM)を使用した.各変量効果の分散成分は,Method Rを使用して推定した.全分散に対する相加的遺伝分散の比率(狭義の牛群内遺伝率)は,SMからの推定値において5.5%(蹄の角度)から45.2%(高さ),RMに関して5.6%(蹄の角度)から46.5%(高さ)の範囲であった.同様に優性遺伝分散の割合は,SMにおいて0.8%(蹄の角度)から7.0%(体積),RMにおいて0.4%(蹄の角度)から6.4%(体積)の範囲で推定された.SMから推定された近交退化量は,尻の角度,後肢側望,前乳房の付着,乳房の深さおよび乳頭の配置に関して正の値(0.000/%から0.012/%),それ以外の形質は−0.046/%(体積)から−0.001/%(後乳房の高さ)の範囲で負の値を示した.RMから推定された近交退化量は,後肢側望および後乳房の高さ以外,SMから推定された近交退化量と傾向が類似していた.相加的遺伝分散の比率と優性遺伝分散の比率との関係は有意(P<0.01)な正,近交退化量は優性遺伝標準偏差と有意(P<0.01)な負の関係が認められた.
Palavras-chave: Additive variance; Dominance variance; Holstein; Inbreeding depression; Type trait.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/2604
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Selection strategies of segregant soybean populations for resistance to Asian rust PAB
Ribeiro,Aliny Simony; Toledo,José Francisco Ferraz de; Ramalho,Magno Antonio Patto.
The objective of this work was to identify the best selection strategies for the more promising parental combinations to obtain lines with good resistance to soybean Asian rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi). Two experiments were carried out in the field during the 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 growing seasons, to determine the percentage of infected leaf area of individual plants of five parents and their segregant F2 and F3 populations. The data obtained indicates that additive genetic variance predominates in the control of soybean resistance to Asian rust, and that the year and time of assessment do not significantly influence the estimates of the genetic parameters obtained. The narrow-sense heritability (h²r) ranged from 23.12 to 55.83%, and indicates the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Phakopsora pachyrhizi; Additive variance; Heritability; Selection.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2009001100012
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Genetic parameters for post weaning growth of Nellore cattle using polinomyals and trigonometric functions in random regression models Scientia Agricola
Macedo,Osmar Jesus; Barbin,Décio; Mourão,Gerson Barreto.
Covariance functions and random regression models have been considered as an alternative for data adjustment, in sequence, stemming from the same animal along time and which presents a structured pattern of covariance. Aiming to evaluate the performance of random regression models based on the Legendre, modified Jacobi and trigonometric functions, data concerning the weights of Nellore breed animals were used from birth to the 800th day of life, in models that assumed direct additive and animal permanent environmental effects coefficients. The Schwarz Bayesian information criterion (BIC) led to the selection of the models Legendre of order six (ML6), Jacobi of order five (MJ5) and trigonometric of order six (MT6), the ML6 model presenting the lowest BIC....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Additive variance; Heritability; Jacobi; Legendre; Longitudinal data.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162009000400014
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