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An Evaluation of Integrated Climate Protection Policies for the United States Ecology and Society
Bernow, Stephen; Tellus Institute; sbernow@tellus.org; Duckworth, Max; Tellus Institute; maxd@tellus.org.
This paper presents and discusses an integrated set of policies designed to reduce U.S. carbon emissions over the next four decades. This innovation path also aims to promote environmental quality, particularly by reducing emissions of criteria air pollutants, to reduce U.S. dependence on imported oil, and to induce technological innovation and diffusion in energy production and consumption. The innovation path would reduce economy-wide carbon emissions by 26% below baseline projections for 2010 and by 62% below baseline projections for 2030; this translates into 10% below 1990 levels in 2010 and 45% below 1990 levels in 2030. Emissions of criteria pollutants also would be significantly reduced, as would petroleum imports by the United States. Moreover,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Air pollutants; Carbon emissions; Climate change policy; Costs and benefits; Innovation path analysis; U.S. economy..
Ano: 1998
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Assessing the environmental externalities from biofuels in Australia AgEcon
Cuevas-Cubria, Clara.
In Australia, as in other countries, the environmental costs and benefits of biofuel production and use have been found to vary greatly according to the production method and feedstocks used. In general, the use of biodiesel produced in Australia has been found to provide greater environmental benefits than ethanol, both in terms of reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reduced air pollutant emissions. In this paper, estimates of GHG and air pollutant emissions arising from biofuels and petroleum fuels production and use are employed to calculate the change in environmental externalities when substituting biofuels for petroleum fuels in Australia. These estimates of externalities highlight the need to better understand the environmental implications...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Environmental policy; Greenhouse gas emissions; Air pollutants; Externalities; Australia; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47624
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Association of sulfur dioxide exposure with circulatory system deaths in a medium-sized city in Brazil BJMBR
Amancio,C.T.; Nascimento,L.F.C..
There is a demonstrable association between exposure to air pollutants and deaths due to cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to estimate the effects of exposure to sulfur dioxide on mortality due to circulatory diseases in individuals 50 years of age or older residing in São José dos Campos, SP. This was a time-series ecological study for the years 2003 to 2007 using information on deaths due to circulatory disease obtained from Datasus reports. Data on daily levels of pollutants, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone, temperature, and humidity were obtained from the São Paulo State Environmental Agency. Moving average models for 2 to 7 days were calculated by Poisson regression using the R software. Exposure to SO2 was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Air pollution; Sulfur dioxide; Cardiovascular diseases; Mortality; Air pollutants; Stroke.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001100013
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Estimating the average length of hospitalization due to pneumonia: a fuzzy approach BJMBR
Nascimento,L.F.C.; Rizol,P.M.S.R.; Peneluppi,A.P..
Exposure to air pollutants is associated with hospitalizations due to pneumonia in children. We hypothesized the length of hospitalization due to pneumonia may be dependent on air pollutant concentrations. Therefore, we built a computational model using fuzzy logic tools to predict the mean time of hospitalization due to pneumonia in children living in São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil. The model was built with four inputs related to pollutant concentrations and effective temperature, and the output was related to the mean length of hospitalization. Each input had two membership functions and the output had four membership functions, generating 16 rules. The model was validated against real data, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Air pollutants; Fuzzy logic; Pneumonia; Particulate matter; Sulfur dioxide.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014001100977
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Effects of exposure to fine particulate matter in elderly hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases in the South of the Brazilian Amazon BJMBR
Machin,A.B.; Nascimento,L.F.; Mantovani,K.; Machin,E.B..
Exposure to air pollution is an important cause of hospital admissions due to respiratory diseases. Nevertheless, few studies use pollutant concentration data estimated by mathematical models. A time-series ecological study was developed, using data from hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases in people over 60 years of age, residents of Cuiabá, Brazil, during 2012, obtained from the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The independent variables were the concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) estimated by mathematical modeling, minimum temperature, and relative humidity (obtained from the Brazilian Meteorological Agency), and the number of forest fires. The generalized linear regression model of Poisson was used, with lags...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Air pollutants; Particulate matter; Respiratory diseases; Elderly health; Mathematical modeling.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000200604
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