SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Scarpassa,Vera Margarete; Hamada,Neusa.

Electrophoretic studies of isozymes were done with four closely related species of the Simulium perflavum species group (Diptera: Simuliidade) in the Brazilian Amazon, using last-instar larvae collected in the field. Ten enzymes were studied, which yielded 11 loci. Diagnostic loci were not found between Simulium maroniense cytotype D and Simulium rorotaense. Simulium maroniense and S. rorotaense differed from Simulium trombetense by two diagnostic loci (Me and Xdh), and Simulium perflavum differed from the other three species by four diagnostic loci (Me, Xdh, Mdh, and Got). The mean number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.30 to 2.30, the percentage of polymorphic loci ranged from 18.2 to 63.6% and the mean heterozygosity values observed ranged from 0.062...

Cytogenetics of the Brazilian Bolitoglossa paraensis (Unterstein, 1930) salamanders (Caudata, Plethodontidae)

Palavras-chave: Simulium perflavum species group; Isozymes; Genetic divergence; Biochemical systematic; Brazilian Amazon.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572003000100007

Silva,Jéssica Barata da; Suárez,Pablo; Nagamachi,Cleusa Yoshiko; Carter,Timothy Frederick; Pieczarka,Julio Cesar.

Plethodontid salamanders of genus Bolitoglossa constitute the largest and most diverse group of salamanders, including around 20% of living caudate species. Recent studies have indicated the occurrence of five recognized species in the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest. We present here the first cytogenetic data of a Brazilian salamander, which may prove to be a useful by contribution to the cytotaxonomy of the genus. Specimens were collected near the "type" locality (Utinga, Belém, PA, Brazil). Chromosomal preparations from duodenal epithelial cells and testes were subjected to Giemsa staining, C-banding and DAPI/CMA3 fluorochrome staining. All specimens showed a karyotype with 13 bi-armed chromosome pairs (2n = 26). Nucleolar Organizer Regions, evidenced by...

Molecular genotyping of G6PD mutations and Duffy blood group in Afro-descendant communities from Brazilian Amazon

Palavras-chave: Salamanders; Bolitoglossa; Karyotypes; Brazilian Amazon; Cytogenetics.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572014000400008

Oliveira,Haiala S. Silva de; Silva,Aylla N. Lima Martins da; Andrade,Gabriela Barreto; Gaia,Karoline Coelho; Costa,Greice de Lemos Cardoso; Santos,Ândrea K. Campos Ribeiro dos; Guerreiro,João Farias.

Abstract Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) and Duffy-negative blood group are two red blood cells variants that confer protection against malaria. In this study, the distribution of the most common G6PD variants (G6PD*A-, GGPD*A and G6PD Mediterranean) and the major alleles of the Duffy blood group (FY*A, FY*B and FY*BES) were investigated in an Afro-descendant population from state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. G6PD variants and Duffy blood group alleles were determined by TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Overall, molecular genotyping revealed the presence of G6PD variants in 126 (24%) of the individuals studied (5% male and 19% female), and frequencies of the G6PD*A- and G6PD*A alleles were 0.061 and 0.104, respectively. Duffy blood group...

Frequencies of CCR5-D32, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3A mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositive subjects and seronegative individuals from the state of Pará in Brazilian Amazonia

Palavras-chave: G6PD mutations; Duffy blood group; Afro-descendants; Brazilian Amazon.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572018000500758

Carvalhaes,Fernanda Andreza de Pinho Lott; Cardoso,Greice Lemos; Vallinoto,Antonio Carlos Rosário; Machado,Luiz Fernando; Ishak,Marluisa de Oliveira Guimarães; Ishak,Ricardo; Guerreiro,João Farias.

The distribution of genetic polymorphisms of chemokine receptors CCR5-delta32, CCR2-64I and chemokine (SDF1-3A) mutations were studied in 110 Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) seropositive individuals (seropositive group) and 139 seronegative individuals (seronegative group) from the population of the northern Brazilian city of Belém which is the capital of the state of Pará in the Brazilian Amazon. The CCR5-delta32 mutation was found in the two groups at similar frequencies, i.e. 2.2% for the seronegative group and 2.7% for the seropositive group. The frequencies of the SDF1-3A mutation were 21.0% for the seronegative group and 15.4% for the seropositive group, and the CCR2-64I allele was found at frequencies of 12.5% for the seronegative...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: CCR5; CCR2; SDF-1; HIV-1 infection; Allele frequency; Brazilian Amazon.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572005000500004

Evidence of two lineages of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti in the Brazilian Amazon, based on mitochondrial DNA ND4 gene sequences

Lima Júnior,Raimundo Sousa; Scarpassa,Vera Margarete.

Genetic variation was estimated in ten samples populations of Aedes aegypti from the Brazilian Amazon, by using a 380 bp fragment of the mitochocondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4) gene. A total of 123 individuals were analyzed, whereby 13 haplotypes were found. Mean genetic diversity was slightly high (h = 0.666 ± 0.029; π = 0.0115 ± 0.0010). Two AMOVA analyses indicated that most of the variation (~70%-72%) occurred within populations. The variation found among and between populations within the groups disclosed lower, but even so, highly significant values. F ST values were not significant in most of the comparisons, except for the samples from Pacaraima and Rio Branco. The isolation by distance (IBD) model was not significant (r = 0.2880; p =...

Clinical aspects of envenomation caused byTityus obscurus (Gervais, 1843) in two distinct regions of Pará state, Brazilian Amazon basin: a prospective case series

Palavras-chave: Aedes aegypti; Dengue vector; Genetic structure; Gene flow; Brazilian Amazon; Genetic lineages.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000200032

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis.

Pardal,Pedro PO; Ishikawa,Edna AY; Vieira,José LF; Coelho,Johne S; Dórea,Regina CC; Abati,Paulo AM; Quiroga,Mariana MM; Chalkidis,Hipócrates M.

Background:Scorpion envenomations are a major public health problem in Brazil, whose most dangerous cases are attributable to the genus Tityus.This study was designed to compare the clinical and demographic features of envenomations by 77tyus obscurus in two areas of the state of Pará located in the Amazon basin. Were compared demographic findings, local and systemic signs and symptoms of human envenomations caused byT. obscurus that occurred in western and eastern areas of the state.Results:Forty-eight patients with confirmed envenomation by T. obscurus were evaluated from January 2008 to July 2011. Most of them came from the eastern region, where male and female patients were present in similar numbers, while males predominated in the west. Median age...

Envenomation caused by Rhopalurus amazonicus Lourenço, 1986 (Scorpiones, Buthidae) in Pará State, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Scorpionism; Tityus obscurus; Envenoming; Neurological symptoms; Brazilian Amazon.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200321

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis.

Fuentes-Silva,Deyanira; Santos Jr,Alfredo P; Oliveira,Joacir Stolarz.

Scorpions, mainly those belonging to the genus Tityus cause many deaths and injuries in Brazil, with tens of thousands of envenomations notified every year. However, injuries involving other scorpion species are scarcely registered. Among the sixteen species of the genus Rhopalurus, Thorell, 1876, described up to date, nine are found in this country, with only a confirmed case of human envenomation provoked by R. agamemnonKoch, 1839. The present case reports, for the first time, a case of scorpion sting in a human victim involving Rhopalurus amazonicus, endemic species of the west region of the Pará state, Amazon, Brazil. The symptoms of envenomation were local pain and paresthesia. This study contributes to develop the knowledge on venomous scorpions,...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report

Palavras-chave: Scorpion sting; Rhopalurus amazonicus; Venomous animals; Envenomation; Brazilian Amazon; Pará.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200509

DETERMINANTS OF TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY IN AGRICULTURE AND CATTLE RANCHING: A SPATIAL ANALYSIS FOR THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON

AgEcon

Igliori, Danilo Camargo.

The determinants of technical efficiency in agriculture and cattle ranching are closely related with the debate involving the conservation-development trade-off in the Brazilian Amazon. Concerned with balancing development and environmental conservation, policy makers and academics have emphasized the importance of choosing ways of selecting areas where land use restrictions would be established. In order to understand the relationship between spatial patterns of deforestation and the associated distribution and characteristics of economic activity, issues regarding technical efficiency are clearly important. This paper aims to identify the socio-economic and environmental determinants of technical efficiency in agriculture and cattle ranching in the...

Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper

Palavras-chave: Stochastic frontier; Technical efficiency; Spatial analysis; Brazilian Amazon; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31927

Aggregation, carbon, and total soil nitrogen in crop-livestock-forest integration in the Eastern Amazon

AGRIAMBI

Silva,Jéssica C. N.; Silva,Arystides R.; Veloso,Carlos A. C.; Dantas,Edilândia F.; Sacramento,José A. A. S. do.

ABSTRACT Sustainable agricultural production systems can improve physical attributes of soil as well as increase carbon and nitrogen stocks in soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the stability of soil aggregates and contents and stocks of carbon and nitrogen after the conversion of native forest to crop-livestock-forest integration systems in the region of Western Pará. Soil samples from five management systems (including a control) were collected at three depths in a randomized block design, with five replications. The stability of the aggregates, soil density, particle density, and total soil porosity, as well as total carbon and nitrogen and their respective stocks were evaluated. The native forest had the highest percentages...

Soils and agriculture in central-west and north Brazil

Palavras-chave: Organic carbon; Soil physics; Sustainability; Brazilian Amazon.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662018001200837

Scientia Agricola

Buol,Stanley W..

Modern soil science, spearheaded by research in Brazil has facilitated the utilization of vast areas of previously uncultivated soil long considered unsuitable for human food production into highly productive agricultural land. Naturally acid soils with high contents of aluminum and iron oxides and low CEC values and organic matter contents long considered insurmountable obstacles to crop production in tropical latitudes could be extremely productive. With continued development of the infrastructure needed by commercial agriculture Brazil has the potential to lead the world in its quest to provide food for growing human populations.

Relevance of wood anatomy and size of Amazonian trees in the determination and allometry of sapwood area

Palavras-chave: Cerrado soils; Brazilian Amazon; Latossolos; Oxisols; Ultisols.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162009000500016

APARECIDO,Luiza Maria Teophilo; SANTOS,Joaquim dos; HIGUCHI,Niro; KUNERT,Norbert.

ABSTRACT Hydrological processes in forest stands are mainly influenced by tree species composition and morpho-physiological characteristics. Few studies on anatomical patterns that govern plant hydraulics were conducted in tropical forest ecosystems. Thus, we used dye immersion to analyze sapwood area patterns of 34 trees belonging to 26 species from a terra firme forest in the central Brazilian Amazon. The sapwood area was related with wood anatomy and tree size parameters (diameter-at-breast-height - DBH, total height and estimated whole-tree volume). Exponential allometric equations were used to model sapwood area using the biometrical variables measured. Sapwood area traits (cross-section non-uniformity and heartwood visibility) varied significantly...

Composition and structure of the fig wasp community in Amazonia

Palavras-chave: Ecohydrology; Active xylem; Tyloses; Vessels; Brazilian Amazon.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672019000100001

CASTRO,Raquel Ribeiro de Souza; REZENDE,Alinne Costa Cavalcante; ROQUE,Rosemary Aparecida; JUSTINIANO,Silvia Cassia Brandão; SANTOS,Otilene dos Anjos.

An understanding of the complex ecological interaction between fig wasps and their host plants in Amazonia requires previous knowledge of their distribution and diversity. The objective of this study was to describe the composition and structure of the wasp community associated with four species of Ficus in the municipal area of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. A total of 600 syconia from four species were collected. The study species were: Ficus obtusifolia Kunth; Ficus citrifolia Mill; F. americana subspecies guianensis Desv. form mathewsii; and F. americana subspecies guianensis Desv. form parkeriana. Statistical analyses were used to examine the relationship between fig wasp diversity and syconium diameter, and the effect of non-pollinating wasps on numbers...

Fertilization and cover crop effects on soil nitrogen and plant nutrition in a young guarana plantation

Palavras-chave: Figs; Diversity; Brazilian Amazon.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672015000400355

Trujillo,Lucerina; Lehmann,Johannes; Cravo,Manoel da Silva; Atroch,André Luiz; Nascimento Filho,Firmino José do.

Fruit tree production is gaining an increasing importance in the central Amazon and elsewhere in the humid tropics, but very little is known about the nutrient dynamics in the soil-plant system. The present study quantified the effects of fertilization and cover cropping with a legume (Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth.) on soil nitrogen (N) dynamics and plant nutrition in a young guarana plantation (Paullinia cupana Kunth. (H.B. and K.) var. sorbilis (Mart.) Ducke) on a highly weathered Xanthic Ferralsol. Large subsoil nitrate (NO3-) accumulation at 0.3-3 m below the guarana plantation indicated N leaching from the topsoil. The NO3- contents to a depth of 2 m were 2.4 times greater between the trees than underneath unfertilized trees (P<0.05). The...

Do local environmental factors structure the trophic niche of the splash tetra, Copella arnoldi? A test in an Amazonian stream system

Palavras-chave: Acid tropical soil; Cover crop; Brazilian Amazon; Fruit tree; Nitrogen leaching.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672003000400001

SOARES,Bruno Eleres; BENONE,Naraiana Loureiro; ROSA,Daniela Cristina Oliveira; MONTAG,Luciano Fogaça de Assis.

ABSTRACT Environmental variation affects the availability of spatial and trophic resources in Amazonian streams and may be important factors structuring the diet of fishes. We analyzed the diet composition and trophic niche breadth of the lebiasinid splash tetra, Copella arnoldi, aiming to evaluate how environmental variation in Amazonian streams affects the species’ trophic niche. Fish were captured and environmental factors were recorded in 20 streams in the Caxiuanã National Forest, in the eastern Amazon, in November 2010. We made a semi-quantitative analysis of stomach contents of 200 individuals. Copella arnoldi exhibited an omnivorous diet composed mainly of detritus and allochthonous invertebrates. Environmental variation (stream width, stream...

First record of Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera, Thaumastocoridae) in Pará state, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Environmental variation; Lebiasinidae; Niche breadth; Trophic ecology; Brazilian Amazon.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672020000100054

SALIBA,Ivy Laura; LUNZ,Alexandre Mehl; BATISTA,Telma Fátima; SCHWARTZ,Gustavo.

ABSTRACT Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera, Thaumastocoridae) is a phytophagous pest of eucalyptus plantations. It was introduced in Brazil in 2008, and expanded rapidly due to its adaptive capacity to different climatic conditions. Eucalyptus has been planted in the Brazilian Amazon since the 1980s, being used in silvopastoral systems and for cellulose production. Since its introduction in the southernmost Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul, T. peregrinus has expanded its geographical distribution to 117 municipalities in states in the south (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná), southeast (São Paulo, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais), mid-west (Mato Grosso do Sul and Goiás) and northeast (Sergipe) of the country. Here we...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report

Palavras-chave: Insect pest; Bronze bug; Occurrence; Eucalyptus; Brazilian Amazon.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672019000300179

Temporal distribution of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in the eastern extreme of the Amazon region

ARAUJO,Elias da Costa; MARTINS,Lucas Pereira; DUARTE,Marcelo; AZEVEDO,Gisele Garcia.

ABSTRACT Rainfall is one of the most influential factors driving insect seasonality in the Amazon region. However, few studies have analyzed the temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies in the Brazilian Amazon, specially in its eastern portion. Here, we evaluated the diversity patterns and temporal distribution of fruit-feeding butterflies in a remnant of eastern Amazon forest in the Baixada Maranhense, northeastern Brazil. Specifically, we tested whether fruit-feeding butterflies are temporally structured and whether rainfall influences species richness and abundance. Butterflies were collected with baited traps in both the rainy and dry seasons for two consecutive years. In total, we captured 493 butterflies belonging to 28 species, 15 genera and...

Presence of oOrganophosphate Insecticides in fish of the Amazon River

Palavras-chave: Brazilian Amazon; Frugivorous butterflies; Maranhão; Seasonality; Temporal diversity; Tropical forest.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672020000100012

SOUMIS,Nicolas; LUCOTTE,Marc; SAMPAIO,Delaine; ALMEIDA,Diane C.; GIROUX,Dalie; MORAIS,Silmara; PICHET,Pierre.

Trace levels of three organophosphate insecticides (OPI) were detected in eight fish species from the region of Santarém, State of Pará, Brazil. Individual concentrations of OPI in fish ranged from less than the detection limit to 2,1 ppb. Mean concentrations of chlorpyrifos, malathion, and methyl-parathion were 0,3 ± 0,3, 0,1 ± 0,1, and 0,3 ± 0,3 ppb, respectively. Pellona flavipinnis, the largest and fattest piscivorous species analyzed, was the most contaminated. Since an inhabitant of this Amazonian region consumes 220 g of fish per day on average, ingested doses of chlorpyrifos, malathion, and methyl-parathion may reach up to 308, 220, and 462 ng·d-1, respectively. Compared to acceptable daily intakes (ADI), quantities of OPI absorbed via fish...

Spatiotemporal mapping of soybean plantations in Rondônia, Western Brazilian Amazon

Palavras-chave: Brazilian Amazon; Fish contamination; Organophosphate insecticides; Acceptable daily intake (ADI); Human alimentation.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672003000200325

COSTA,Olívia Bueno da; MATRICARDI,Eraldo Aparecido Trondoli; PEDLOWSKI,Marcos Antonio; COCHRANE,Mark Alan; FERNANDES,Luiz Cláudio.

ABSTRACT Although soybean production has been increasing in the state of Rondônia in the last decade, soybean planted area has been estimated indirectly using secondary datasets, which has limited understanding of its spatiotemporal distribution patterns. This study aimed to map and analyze spatial patterns of soybean expansion in Rondônia. We developed a classification technique based on Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) derived from Landsat imagery and Decision Tree Classification to detect and map soybean plantations in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014. The soybean classification map showed 93% global accuracy, 23% omission and 0% of commission errors for soybean crop fields. The greatest increases of soybean cropped area in the state of Rondônia were observed...