SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Lence, Sergio H..

The present study sets up a thought experiment calibrated to represent risks of a high-risk production activity (farming), and investigating whether the structure of risk aversion (i.e., the changes in absolute or relative risk aversion associated with changes in wealth) can be estimated with reasonable precision. Findings strongly suggest that typical production data are unlikely to allow identification of the structure of risk aversion. A flexible utility parameterization is found to worsen technology parameter estimates. Findings also indicate that even under a restricted utility specification, the quality of utility parameters estimated from small samples is very poor.

Determinants of Rural-Urban Migration in Konkan Region of Maharashtra

Palavras-chave: Expected utility; Risk preferences; Production analysis; Risk attitudes.; Risk and Uncertainty; C13; D24; D81; Q12..

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9980

Estimation of Actual and potential adoption rates and determinants of a new technology not universally known in the population: The case of NERICA rice varieties in Guinea

Thorat, V.A.; Dhekale, J.S.; Patil, H.K.; Tilekar, S.N..

The study has identified the factors responsible for rural-urban migration based on 120 sample respondents each of migrants and non-migrants spread over two districts, viz. Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg of Konkan region of Maharashtra by employing the logit model. The study has highlighted the importance of rural development programs like MGNREGA that are being implemented by the government with a view to provide employment and income to the rural population in the country. It has also shown that for both migrant and non-migrant households,, agriculture was the major source of income, and their consumption expenditure was more than the production expenditure. It has also been observed that migration has a positive impact on income, expenditure and net savings...

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: Migration; Logit; Variable inflation factor; Odds ratio; Agricultural and Food Policy; J11; J61; C13; R23.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119399

Diagne, Aliou; Sogbossi, Marie-Josee; Simtowe, Franklin; Diawara, Sekou; Diallo, Abdoulaye Sadio; Barry, Alpha Bacar.

The NERICA (New Rice for Africa) rice varieties, developed by the Africa Rice Center during the 1990s, are providing hopes for raising the productivity of upland rice farmers in Africa because of their reported high yield potential and adaptability to the African conditions. The varieties are new and not widely disseminated in farming communities and there is lot of interest in the donor community in knowing their potential for widespread adoption across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, when a technology is new and the target population is not universally exposed it, the observed sample adoption rate and classical models of adoption widely used in adoption studies does not inform reliably on its potential adoption and constraint to it in the full...

From small farming to rural, non-agricultural work in Romania: an evaluation on 3 measures of the rural development programme

Palavras-chave: NERICA varieties; Technology Diffusion and adoption; Average Treatment Effect; Guinea; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; O33; Q12; Q16.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51644

Ghib, Marie-Luce; Berriet-Solliec, Marielle.

Romanian rural areas contain the highest level of agricultural workers in the European Union, resulting in the challenge of stimulating non-agricultural employment. This paper uses the methodology of policy evaluation to analyse the influence of 3 measures the CAP. From an objectives tree to reveal the objectives of the programme to statistical analysis and field surveys, we analysed the pertinence, the coherence and the first results of those schemes. It was found that the targeted population was under estimated for one of the semi-subsistence schemes. Choosing activities (tourism and enterprise) which are open to all rural society leads to enhanced competition between beneficiaries. Due to the global context of economic crisis, co-financing can be met...

FARM HOUSEHOLD EFFICIENCY IN MOZAMBIQUE

Palavras-chave: Rural policies; Policy evaluation; Small farms; Romania; Community/Rural/Urban Development; R58; O21; H72; C13.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94915

Uaiene, Rafael N.; Arndt, Channing.

This article provides estimates of farm household efficiency and its determinants among smallholder farmers in Mozambique. A translog stochastic frontier production function and a first difference model incorporating a model of farm household inefficiency effects are applied to test the existence of agricultural farm household inefficiencies and their determinants in Mozambique. The null hypothesis of equal farm household efficiency among households was rejected. Variation in farm household efficiency indicates that access to agricultural technology is a severe constraint for most farm households. Factors such as access to advisory services, access to rural credit, membership to an agricultural association, use of improved agricultural technology...

A BAYESIAN ALTERNATIVE TO GENERALIZED CROSS ENTROPY SOLUTIONS FOR UNDERDETERMINED ECONOMETRIC MODELS

Palavras-chave: Stochastic frontier analysis; Farm production efficiency; Productivity Analysis; C12; C13.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51438

Heckelei, Thomas; Mittelhammer, Ronald C.; Jansson, Torbjorn.

This paper presents a Bayesian alternative to Generalized Maximum Entropy (GME) and Generalized Cross Entropy (GCE) methods for deriving solutions to econometric models represented by underdetermined systems of equations. For certain types of econometric model specifications, the Bayesian approach provides fully equivalent results to GME-GCE techniques. However, in its general form, the proposed Bayesian methodology allows a more direct and straightforwardly interpretable formulation of available prior information and can reduce significantly the computational effort involved in finding solutions. The technique can be adapted to provide solutions in situations characterized by either informative or uninformative prior information.

REGULATING IRRIGATION VIA BLOCK-RATE PRICING: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS

Palavras-chave: Underdetermined Equation Systems; Maximum Entropy; Bayesian Priors; Structural Estimation; Calibration; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C11; C13; C51.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56973

Bar-Shira, Ziv; Finkelshtain, Israel; Simhon, Avi.

In this paper, we adapt Burtless and Hausman's (1978) methodology in order to estimate farmer's demand for irrigation water under increasing block-rate tariffs and empirically assess its effect on aggregate demand and inter-farm allocation efficiency. This methodology overcomes the technical challenges raised by increasing block rate pricing and accounts for both observed and unobserved technological heterogeneity among farmers. Employing a micro panel data documenting irrigation levels and prices in 185 Israeli agricultural communities in the period 1992-1997 we estimate water demand elasticity at -0.3 in the short run (the effect of a price change on demand within a year of implementation) and -0.46 in the long run. We also find that, in...

Meta-Regression Estimates for CGE Models: A Case Study for Input Substitution Elasticities in Production Agriculture

Palavras-chave: Block-Rate Pricing; Irrigation; C13; Q15; Q28; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14982

Boys, Kathryn A.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..

The selection of appropriate parameters for computable general equilibrium (CGE) models critically affects the results of applied economic modeling exercises. Valid and reliable parameter selection models are needed, and typically comprise direct estimation, expert opinion, or copycatting of results from seminal studies. The purpose of this study is to use meta-analysis to summarize and more accurately estimate elasticities of input substitution, specifically between labor and other inputs in agricultural production. We construct a comprehensive database of elasticity estimates through an extensive literature review, and perform a meta-regression analysis to identify structural sources of variation in elasticity estimates sampled from primary studies. The...

What makes countries initiate WTO disputes on food-related issues?

Palavras-chave: Meta-analysis; Cross-price elasticity; Input substitu¬tion; Agricultural production; CGE parameters; Demand and Price Analysis; C13; C68; Q13.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9683

Goetz, Christian; Heckelei, Thomas; Rudloff, Bettina.

This paper analyses relevant determinants for the probability to initiate a dispute on policy measures under the World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement system. The empirical analysis differs from existing assessments by focusing on agri-food related disputes and provides a more in-depth analysis of specific country and sectoral characteristics not considered in previous studies. Contrary to recent analyses of overall trade disputes, the results show that some determinants such as legal capacity and monetary means are not statistically significant. Own protectionist behaviour, endured protectionism, and the duration of WTO membership, however, could be identified as relevant determinants with the expected direction of impact.

Estimation and Inference for Threshold Effects in Panel Data Stochastic Frontier Models

Palavras-chave: WTO dispute; Agri-food sector; Binary choice model; International Relations/Trade; C12; C13; F13.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56974

Yelou, Clement; Larue, Bruno; Tran, Kien C..

One of the most enduring problems in cross-section or panel data models is heterogeneity among individual observations. Different approaches have been proposed to deal with this issue, but threshold regression models offer intuitively appealing econometric methods to account for heterogeneity. We propose three different estimators that can accommodate multiple thresholds. The first two, allowing respectively for fixed and random effects, assume that the firms specific inefficiency scores are time-invariant while the third one allows for time-varying inefficiency scores. We rely on a likelihood ratio test with m − 1 regimes under the null against m regimes. Testing for threshold effects is problematic because of the presence of a nuisance parameter which...

Poverty Comparisons with Endogenous Absolute Poverty Lines

Palavras-chave: Stochastic frontier models; Threshold regression; Technical efficiency; Bootstrap; Dairy production; C12; C13; C23; C52; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9769

Simler, Kenneth R.; Arndt, Channing.

The objective of measuring poverty is usually to make comparisons over time or between two or more groups. Comm on statistical inference methods are used to determine whether an apparent difference in measured poverty is statistically significant. Studies of relative poverty have long recognized that when the poverty line is calculated from sample survey data, both the variance of the poverty line and the variance of the welfare metric contribute to the variance of the poverty estimate. In contrast, studies using absolute poverty lines have ignored the poverty line variance, even when the poverty lines are estimated from sample survey data. Including the poverty line variance could either reduce or increase the precision of poverty estimates, depending on...

Valoracion del agua de riego por el metodo de precios quasi-hedonicos: aplicacion al Guadalquivir

Palavras-chave: Poverty measurement; Bootstrap; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; I32; C13; 012.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25775

Berbel, Julio; Mesa, Pascual.

La estimación del valor del agua puede hacerse mediante diferentes métodos, de los cuales este trabajo propone el método de precios "quasi-hedónicos". El agua se considera en este trabajo como una variable externa que impacta en el precio diferencial de la tierra, y cuyo valor estimamos para la Cuenca del Guadalquivir. Los resultados nos muestran un valor capital del agua en el rango 2,8 €/m3 a 4,2 €/m3 con un valor más frecuente de 3,46 €/m3, que según el tipo de capitalización empleado nos daría un valor medio de renta del agua entre 0,14 €/m3 (para r=4%) a 0,35 €/m3 (para r=10%). ABSTRACT The valuation of natural resources is a tool used for improving allocation and management of water resources. This research proposes a quasi-hedonic approach as a...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Irrigated agriculture; Hedonic price; Environmental valuation; Water value; Agricultura de riego; Precios hedónicos; Valoracion ambiental; Valor del agua; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q25; C13.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7059

Determining the change in welfare estimates from introducing measurement error in non-linear choice models

Gibson, Fiona L.; Burton, Michael P..

Observed and unobserved characteristics of an individual are often used by researchers to explain choices over the provision of environmental goods. One means for identifying what is typically an unobserved characteristic, such as an attitude, is through some data reduction technique, such as factor analysis. However, the resultant variable represents the true attitude with measurement error, and hence, when included into a non-linear choice model, introduces bias in the model. There are well established methods to overcome this issue, which are seldom implemented. In an application to preferences over two water source alternatives for Perth in Western Australia, we use structural equation modeling within a discrete choice model to determine whether...

An Information-Theoretic Approach to Modeling Binary Choices: Estimating Willingness to Pay for Recreation Site Attributes

Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Attitudes; Structural equation modeling; Recycled water; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q51; Q53; C13.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103428

Henry-Osorio, Miguel; Mittelhammer, Ronald C..

Information-Theoretic Econometrics

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Minimum power divergence; Cressie-Read statistics; Contingent valuation; Empirical likelihood; Discrete choice; Binary response models; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; C14; C25; Q51.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123432

The Effect of Climate Change on Wetlands and Waterfowl in Western Canada: Incorporating Cropping Decisions into a Bioeconomic Model

Withey, Patrick; van Kooten, G. Cornelis.

We extend an earlier bioeconomic model of optimal duck harvest and wetland retention in the Prairie Pothole Region of Western Canada to include cropping decisions. Instead of a single state equation, the model has two state equations representing the population dynamics of ducks and the amount of wetlands. We use the model to estimate the impact of climate change on wetlands and waterfowl, including direct climate effects as well as land use change due to biofuel policies aimed at mitigating climate change. The model predicts that climate change will reduce wetlands by 47-56 percent from historic levels. Land use change is expected to reduce wetlands by 45 percent from historic levels, whereas direct climate effects will range from a reduction of 2-11...

BANDWIDTH SELECTION FOR SPATIAL HAC AND OTHER ROBUST COVARIANCE ESTIMATORS

Palavras-chave: Bioeconomic modeling; Wetland protection; Wildlife management; Climate change; Biofuels; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q57; C61; Q25; Q54; C13; Q10; Q16.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117437

Lambert, Dayton M.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Cho, Seong-Hoon.

This research note documents estimation procedures and results for an empirical investigation of the performance of the recently developed spatial, heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) covariance estimator calibrated with different kernel bandwidths. The empirical example is concerned with a hedonic price model for residential property values. The first bandwidth approach varies an a priori determined plug-in bandwidth criterion. The second method is a data driven cross-validation approach to determine the optimal neighborhood. The third approach uses a robust semivariogram to determine the range over which residuals are spatially correlated. Inference becomes more conservative as the plug-in bandwidth is increased. The data-driven...

The determinants of bilateral World Trade Organization disputes in the agro-food sector

Palavras-chave: Spatial HAC; Semivariogram; Bandwidth; Hedonic model; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; C31; R21.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44258

Goetz, Christian; Heckelei, Thomas.

This paper analyses relevant determinants for the probability to initiate a dispute on policy measures under the World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement system. The empirical analysis focuses on agro-food-related disputes to provide sector-specific information on the driving factors in dispute settlement, and complements and extends previous studies by incorporating new potential determinants. The focus is shifted to bilaterally dependent characteristics to take care of trade related and power-based relationships between Members. Contrary to recent analyses of overall trade disputes, the results show that some determinants such as export value and monetary means are not statistically significant. However, the import dependency from the defendant...

BANDWIDTH SELECTION FOR SPATIAL HAC AND OTHER ROBUST COVARIANCE ESTIMATORS

Palavras-chave: WTO dispute; Agro-food sector; Binary choice model; International Relations/Trade; C12; C13; F13.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49461

Lambert, Dayton M.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Cho, Seong-Hoon.

Estimation of Agricultural Total Factor Productivity in China: A Panel Cointegration Approach

Palavras-chave: Spatial HAC; Semivariogram; Bandwidth; Hedonic model; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; C31; R21.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45964

Wang, Jintian; Gao, Feng; Wang, Xuezhen.

Using a panel cointegration approach to estimate the agricultural total factor productivity in China

To Target or Not to Target? The cost efficiency of indicator-based targeting

Palavras-chave: Total Factor Productivity; Panel Unit Root; Panel Cointegration; DOLS; FMOLS; Productivity Analysis; C13; C23; Q00.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50927

Houssou, Nazaire; Zeller, Manfred.

This paper assesses the cost efficiency of indicator-based targeting. Using household survey data from Malawi, we examine whether an indicator-based targeting of the poor is more target- and cost-efficient than the currently used mechanisms for targeting agricultural subsidy programs in the country. There is compelling evidence in favor of targeting Malawi’s poor based on the newly developed system. An indicator-based targeting system appears to be more target- and cost-efficient than the 2000/01 Starter Pack and the 2006/07 Agricultural Input Subsidy Program (AISP). While the Starter Pack and the AISP transferred about 50% of total transfer, under an indicator-based system, about 73% of transfers are delivered to the poor. Likewise, under an...