SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Glauben, Thomas; Herzfeld, Thomas; Wang, Xiaobing.

The work focuses on the frequency of each possible transition between labor market participation regimes of rural Chinese households. A continuous hazard approach is applied to empirically evaluate factors, as household, farm, and regional characteristics affecting the frequency of transition between labor market participation states. Results suggest that there are frequent changes of labor market participations regimes among the househo lds. Given the change in external conditions and other factor end owments this might indicate that households quickly response in allocating labor in order to equilibrate the resources. Further, we find that there are good chances climbing out of autarky; however the probability to fall in autarky was also remarkable over...

Migration Restrictions and Criminal Behavior: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

Palavras-chave: Labor market participation; Dynamic analysis; China; Hazard model; Rural households; Labor and Human Capital; C41; J60; Q12.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25751

Mastrobuoni, Giovanni; Pinotti, Paolo.

We estimate the causal effect of immigrants' legal status on criminal behavior exploiting exogenous variation in migration restrictions across nationalities driven by the last round of the European Union enlargement. Unique individual-level data on a collective clemency bill enacted in Italy five months before the enlargement allow us to compare the post-release criminal record of inmates from new EU member countries with a control group of pardoned inmates from candidate EU member countries. Difference-in-differences in the probability of re-arrest between the two groups before and after the enlargement show that obtaining legal status lowers the recidivism of economically motivated offenders, but only in areas that provide relatively better labor market...

The Market for Used Cars: A New Test of the Lemons Model

Palavras-chave: Immigration; Crime; Legal Status; Labor and Human Capital; F22; K42; C41.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115723

Emons, Winand; Sheldon, George.

The lemons model assumes that owners of used cars have an informational advantage over potential buyers with respect to the quality of their vehicles. Owners of bad cars will try to sell them to unsuspecting buyers while owners of good cars will hold on to theirs. Consequently, the quality of traded automobiles should be sub-average. In contrast to previous work, the following paper tests both the assumption of informational asymmetry and the prediction of sub-average traded car quality using a sample consisting of all 1985 cars registered in the Swiss canton of Basle-City over the period 1985-1991. Our data support both the assumption and the prediction of the lemons model. The lemons problem does not appear to be widespread, however. Das "Lemons"-Modell...

Modern Supply Chains and Product Innovation: How Can Smallholder Farmers Benefit?

Palavras-chave: Adverse Selection; Used Car Market; Duration Models; Marketing; C41; D82; L15; L62.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26353

Schipmann, Christin; Qaim, Matin.

There is an emerging body of literature analysing how smallholder farmers in developing countries can benefit from modern supply chains. However, most of the available studies concentrate on export markets and fail to capture spillover effects that modern supply chains may have on local markets. Here, we analyse the case of sweet pepper in Thailand, which was initially introduced as a product innovation in modern supply chains, but which is now widely traded also in more traditional markets. Using survey data from smallholder farmers and econometric techniques, we show that sweet pepper cultivation contributes significantly to higher household incomes. Strikingly, at this stage, participation in modern supply chains does not lead to higher incomes than...

The Determinants of Survival of Spanish Consumers Fronting the BSE Crisis

Palavras-chave: Adoption; Duration analysis; Impact assessment; Modern supply chains; Product innovation; Sweet pepper; Thailand; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C21; C25; C41; Q13.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51046

Radwan, Amr; Gil, Jose Maria; Serra, Teresa.

The impact of food scares on meat consumption has been traditionally investigated by estimating food demand systems using aggregated time series. Only a few have considered micro data but none of them has tried to quantify consumers’ reaction to food scares and the speed of such reactions. In this study we apply duration analysis techniques with the aim of analysing the effect of different explanatory variables on both the risk of reducing beef consumption and the timing of this reduction. Our results suggest that the maximum hazard occurs during the few months after the occurrence of the food crisis and then the reducing consumption hazard tend to diminish. Moreover, economic factors such as prices and income could be considered as the most determinant...

Policy-Induced Technology Adoption: Evidence from the U.S. Lead Phasedown

Palavras-chave: Food scare; BSE; Duration analysis; Reaction timing; Spain; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries; C41; D1.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62008

Kerr, Suzi; Newell, Richard G..

The theory of environmental regulation suggests that economic instruments, such as taxes and tradable permits, create more effective technology adoption incentives than conventional regulatory standards. We explore this issue for an important industry undergoing technological responses to a dramatic decrease in allowed pollution levels - the petroleum industry's phasedown of lead in gasoline. Using a panel of refineries from 1971 to 1995, we provide some of the first direct evidence that alternative policies affect the pattern of adoption in expected ways. Importantly, we find that the tradable permit system used during the lead phasedown provided incentives for more efficient technology adoption decisions. Where environmentally appropriate, this suggests...

Bargaining over governments in a stochastic environment

Palavras-chave: Technology; Adoption; Diffusion; Environment; Regulation; Lead; Gasoline; Tradable permit; Incentive-based policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C41; L71; O31; O33; Q28; Q48.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10834

Merlo, Antonio.

In this paper we structurally estimate a game-theoretic model of government formation in a multiparty parliamentary democracy. We focus on the timing and the terms of government agreements in the context of a multilateral stochastic model of sequential bargaining with complete information (Merlo and Wilson (1194, 1995)) where efficient delays may occur in the unique equilibrium. Besides showing that our model yields a good fit to the data on the duration of negotiations over government formation as well as government durations in postwar Italy, we use our estimates to quantify the advantage to proposing and to conduct policy experiments to evaluate the effects of changes in the bargaining procedure. We show that the gains from proposing tend to be quite...

Determinants of the Adaption of Organic Agriculture in Egypt Using a Duration Analysis Technique

Palavras-chave: Noncooperative bargaining; Delay; Government formation; Structural estimation; Duration models.; Political Economy; C41; C51; C73; C78; D72.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7476

Radwan, Amr; Gil, Jose Maria; Diab, Yaser A.A.; Abo-Nahoul, Mohamed A..

A very important pillar of the modernization of the Egyptian agriculture depends upon the exportation of the high value added products such as organic products. In spite of the importance of the organic agriculture within the Egyptian agriculture sector and up to our knowledge, it does not exist in Egypt until now any study that try to determine and analyze the determinant factors of the adaption of the organic agriculture within the Egyptian farms. In this study, we focus on this issue. A survey with a representative sample of organic and non-organic farms in Upper Egypt area was carried out. Using obtained data set we apply duration analysis techniques to assess the effect of different explanatory variables on both the adoption of organic agriculture...

Spousal Effect and Timing of Farmers' Early Retirement Decisions

Palavras-chave: Organic agriculture; Duration analysis; Egypt; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C41; Q1.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108961

Vare, Minna.

The retirement decisions of individuals are strongly influenced by spousal retirement, financial incentives and institutional constraints such as access to early retirement benefits. In the European Union (EU), farm retirement is encouraged by early retirement provisions for farmers. As exit from farming determines the characteristics of structural change in agriculture, it is important to find out how spousal retirement and economic incentives affect the timing and type of retirement decisions among elderly farmers. This paper analyses the timing of early retirement decisions of farming couples using duration analysis and different exit channels. The empirical analysis is based on Finnish farm-level panel data for the period 1993-1998. The results...

Ethnic Produce Marketing in the Mid-Atlantic States: Consumer Shopping Patterns and Willingness-to-Pay Analysis

Palavras-chave: Duration; Early retirement; Farming couple; Succession; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; J26; Q12; C41.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24696