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Molenaar,R; Reijrink,IAM; Meijerhof,R; Van den Brand,H. |
During incubation of chicken embryos, environmental conditions, such as temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration, must be controlled to meet embryonic requirements that change during the different phases of embryonic development. In the current review, the effects of embryo temperature, egg weight loss, and CO2 concentration on hatchability, hatchling quality, and subsequent performance are discussed from an embryonic point of view. In addition, new insights related to the incubation process are described. Several studies have shown that a constant eggshell temperature (EST) of 37.5 to 38.0°C throughout incubation results in the highest hatchability, hatchling quality, and subsequent performance. Egg weight loss must be between 6.5 and 14.0%... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Broiler embryos; CO2 concentration; Incubation; Relative humidity; Temperature. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2010000300001 |
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Lopes,Marcos Neves; Lacerda,Claudivan Feitosa de; Cândido,Magno José Duarte; Pompeu,Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco; Silva,Rodrigo Gregório da; Lopes,José Wellington Batista; Fernandes,Francisco Ronaldo Belém; Bezerra,Francisco Marcus Lima. |
The objective of this study was to evaluate gas exchange in the massai grass during establishment and regrowth cycles in a greenhouse, using five nitrogen (N) fertilization levels. A completely randomized split-plot design of five nitrogen levels (0; 150; 300; 450 and 600 mg Ndm-3 of soil) was employed with the N levels as plots, and the cycles (establishment, regrowth 1 and 2) as subplots, evaluated with five replicates. We evaluated leaf transpiration (E), leaf temperature (TFOL), leaf photosynthesis rate (A), leaf carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthesis/transpiration ratio (A/E), photosynthesis/conductance ratio (A/gs), chlorophyll relative index (CRI), and nitrogen sufficiency index (NSI). Growth cycles influenced... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Chlorophyll; CO2 concentration; Panicum maximum; Photosynthesis. |
Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982011000900004 |
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