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Persistent Mullerian duct Syndrome in a Brazilian miniature schnauzer dog Anais da ABC (AABC)
NOGUEIRA,DENISE M.; ARMADA,JORGE L.A.; PENEDO,DIEGO M.; TANNOUZ,VANIA G.S.; MEYERS-WALLEN,VICKI N..
Abstract: Here we describe an eight-year-old miniature schnauzer (MS) dog from Brazil with Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome (PMDS) and the single base pair substitution in AMHR2 exon 3, first detected in this breed in the USA. This finding is evidence of mutation dissemination to South America. In PMDS, a type of XY Disorder of Sex Development (DSD), dogs with a male karyotype and external phenotype also have a uterus, oviducts, and a cranial vagina internally. Approximately half of PMDS MS are unilaterally or bilaterally cryptorchid and many develop pyometra and/or Sertoli cell tumor. Bilateral Sertoli cell testicular tumors were present in this case, and the dog died a few days after surgical castration and hysterectomy. Although the karyotype was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: 78; XY Disorders of Sex Development; AMHR2 exon 3 mutation; Canine; PMDS.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000300712
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6-Bromoindirubin-3’-oxime promotes osteogenic differentiation of canine BMSCs through inhibition of GSK3β activity and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway Anais da ABC (AABC)
ZHAO,XIAO-E; YANG,ZHENSHAN; GAO,ZHEN; GE,JUNBANG; WEI,QIANG; MA,BAOHUA.
This study aimed to investigate how 6-bromoindirubin-3’-oxime (BIO) increases the osteogenic differentiation of canine bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in this process. We mimicked the effect of Wnt by adding BIO to the culture medium of BMSCs and examined whether canonical Wnt signaling positively affects the differentiation of these cells into osteoblasts. Canine BMSCs were cultured with 0.5 and 1.0 μM BIO under osteogenic conditions and then differentiation markers were investigated. It was found that BIO significantly increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the number of ALP-positive cells, the mineralization level and calcium deposits. Moreover, cells cultured with 0.5 and 1.0 μM...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bone mesenchymal stem cells; Bromoindirubin oxime; Osteogenetic differentiation; Canine.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000100610
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Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography of testicular disorders in dogs: preliminary results Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Feliciano,M.A.R.; Maronezi,M.C.; Simões,A.P.R.; Maciel,G.S.; Pavan,L.; Gasser,B.; Silva,P.; Uscategui,R.R.; Carvalho,C.F.; Canola,J.C.; Vicente,W.R.R..
The aim of this study was to describe the use of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography in the evaluation of testicular disorders in dogs. Eighteen dogs with testicular disorders (thirty-six testicles) were assessed. Echotexture, size, contours and margins of testes were analysed by ultrasonography. Deformities and tissue stiffness (greyscale and homogenous or heterogeneous) were evaluated by qualitative elastography and shear velocity was determined quantitatively. Subsequent to orchiectomy, testicular samples were collected for histopathology analysis and thirty-six disorders were identified. Qualitative elastography revealed that normal healthy testicular tissues were homogenous and not pliable while the affected testicles had alterations...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Stiffness; Testicular disease.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352016000200283
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Pulmonar ARFI elastography and ultrasonography of canine fetal hydrops: case report Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Maronezi,M.C.; Madruga,G.M.; Uscategui,R.A.R.; Simões,A.P.R.; Silva,P.; Rodrigues,M.G.K.; Cintra,C.A.; Assis,A.R.; Vicente,W.R.R.; Feliciano,M.A.R..
ABSTRACT This case report describes diagnostic and prognostic applicability of pulmonary acoustic radiation force impulse elastography and ultrasonography in canine hydrops fetalis. We also explore these methods’ potential in prediction of postnatal respiratory dysfunction. Two pregnant bitches (English bulldog [case 1] and French bulldog [case 2]) were referred for sonographic evaluation in their last week of pregnancy. Ultrasound showed that in each bitch, one fetus presented with lung alterations (hyperechogenicity, irregular surface, and pleural effusion) and anasarca. The other fetuses of the litter were normal, and they were observed as light gray and dark blue on pulmonary elastography. Their shear-wave velocity was 0.75m/s. Fetuses with hydrops...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report Palavras-chave: Canine; Gestational ultrasonography; Fetal abnormalities.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352018000501409
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Partial internal hemipelvectomy as rescue therapy in obstipation in four dogs: case report Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Costa,R.C.; Rossignoli,P.P.; Facin,A.C.; Nazaret,T.L.; Minto,B.W.; Dias,L.G.G.G..
ABSTRACT Multiple pelvic fractures can lead to narrowing of the pelvic canal and loss of life quality. Hemipelvectomy, characterized by removal of bone fragments from the pelvis, is considered a rescue therapy. This report describes the technique of caudal partial hemipelvectomy in four cases of obstipation secondary to traumatic pelvic canal narrowing in four dogs, with promising results. All patients had tenesmus and fecal retention. After the procedure, the patients presented immediate normochezia and support of the ipsilateral limb after 10 to 20 days, showing the feasibility of the technique in small animals, providing clinical improvement without walking alterations.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Obstipation; Pelvic canal stenosis; Pelvis; Surgery.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352018000601703
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Small breed dogs with confirmed stroke: concurrent diseases and sonographic findings Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Carvalho,C.F.; Andrade Neto,J.P.; Diniz,S.A..
Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are important causes of neurological clinical signs in dogs. The objective of this work was to describe concurrent diseases and ultrasonographic features in dogs with CVA confirmed through postmortem evaluation. All medical records of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCDUS) examinations performed in 512 dogs between 2007 and 2009 were reviewed, searching for history and clinical diagnosis, as well as sonographic and histological results. Forty-two dogs were selected, showing acute onset of clinical signs with no progressive focal cerebral dysfunction and diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease confirmed at necropsy. Concurrent diseases and conditions were: cerebral amyloid microangiopathy (33%), endocrinopathies (31%),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Ultrasonography; Neurology; Doppler.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352012000500014
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Placement of vertebral screws for spinal stabilization and distraction in a dog with disc-associate cervical spondylomyelopathy: case report Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Marinho,P.V.T.; Macedo,A.S.; Ferrigno,C.R.A.; Dal-Bó,I.S.; Paes,F.; Bregadioli,T..
ABSTRACT A 10-year-old male Rottweiler was evaluated for a 2-month history of recurrent forelimb weakness. Neurologic examination revealed proprioceptive ataxia, tetraparesis and moderate cervical pain. Disk-associated cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM) with static lesion at C3-4 was diagnosed based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The dog was surgically treated by a ventral slot procedure and distraction-stabilization of the vertebral bodies through insertion of vertebral screws with transverse connective bars. The patient had favorable clinical outcome. Neurologic assessment performed 120 days after surgery showed absence of neurologic defects. Radiographic assessment performed at the same time indicated adequate spinal cord decompression although...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report Palavras-chave: Nervous system; Spinal cord; Stabilization; Canine.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352018000501427
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Hypotonic enteral electrolyte solutions administered by nasoesophageal tube in continuous flow in dogs dehydrated by water restriction: Part 1 Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Dantas,W.M.F.; Ribeiro Filho,J.D.; Silva,G.M.M.; Ermita,P.A.N.; Monteiro,L.C.; Costa,C.M.; Alves,S.R.; Silva,M.O.; Favarato,E.S..
ABSTRACT The present study assessed and compared the effects of hypotonic enteral electrolyte solutions administered by nasoesophageal tube in continuous flow in dogs submitted to water restriction on packed cell volume; total serum protein and serum osmolarity concentrations; blood volume; plasma glucose and lactate levels; blood gas analysis, anion gap, and strong ion difference. Six adult dogs were used (four males and two females). All animals were submitted to both proposed treatments in a crossover design 6×2. The treatments were as follows: ESmalt consisting of 5g sodium chloride, 1g potassium chloride, 1g calcium acetate, 0.2g magnesium pidolate, and 9.6g maltodextrin that were diluted in 1.000mL water (measured osmotic concentration of 215mOsm...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Blood gas analysis; Blood volume; Enteral fluid therapy.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352019000200404
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Radiation therapy for advanced canine nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma: case report Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Cunha,S.C.S.; André,M.M.; Corgozinho,K.B.; Silva,K.V.G.C.; Silva,C.A.; Ferreira,A.M.R..
ABSTRACT This case report describes the outcome of treatment of dogs with advanced (deeply invasive) nasal planum squamous cell carcinomas with palliative or definitive radiation therapy. All dogs were diagnosed with nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma by histopathology, and their owners declined aggressive surgery. Dogs were treated with a cobalt-60 unit, definitive-intent radiation protocol consisting of 15 daily fractions (Monday-Friday) of 2.8 Gy, and palliative radiation protocol consisting of 4 fractions of 8 Gy performed once a week. Three dogs had T3 tumors and three had T4 tumors according to the WHO staging system. Two dogs had tumor complete remission and four had tumor partial remission. Survival time of dogs submitted to radiation therapy was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Squamous cell carcinoma; Oncology; Radiation therapy.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352020000100119
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Epitheliotropic lymphoma with heart and kidney metastasis in a dog: case report Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Araújo,C.M.T.D.; Pacheco,B.D.; Castro,J.L.C.; Farias,M.R.; Engracia Filho,J.R..
ABSTRACT A female adult dog, with a four-month history of pain and intense pruritus, which eventually resulted in sudden death, was referred for necropsy. Postmortem examination showed thoracic and abdominal serum-sanguineous exudates, multifocal infiltrative renal masses, and similar tumors in the heart. Histopathology revealed midsize infiltrative neoplastic proliferation composed of round cells, sparse cytoplasm, and large hyperchromatic nuclei. Immunohistochemistry revealed CD3+ and CD20-immunoexpression. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis of epitheliotropic lymphoma with cardiac and renal metastasis.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Metastasis; Lymphoma; Cutaneous; Canine; Necropsy.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352017000601461
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Surgical time and complications of total transvaginal (total-NOTES), single-port laparoscopic-assisted and conventional ovariohysterectomy in bitches Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Silva,M.A.M.; Toniollo,G.H.; Flores,F.N.; Valadão,C.A.A.; Medeiros,R.M.; Cardilli,D.J.; Gering,A.P.; Teixeira,P.P.M.; Serafini,G.M.C.; Coutinho-Júnior,A.S.; Libardoni,R.N.; Brun,M.V..
The recently developed minimally invasive techniques of ovariohysterectomy (OVH) have been studied in dogs in order to optimize their benefits and decrease risks to the patients. The purpose of this study was to compare surgical time, complications and technical difficulties of transvaginal total-NOTES, single-port laparoscopic-assisted and conventional OVH in bitches. Twelve bitches were submitted to total-NOTES (NOTES group), while 13 underwent single-port laparoscopic-assisted (SPLA group) and 15 were submitted to conventional OVH (OPEN group). Intra-operative period was divided into 7 stages: (1) access to abdominal cavity; (2) pneumoperitoneum; approach to the right (3) and left (4) ovarian pedicle and uterine body (5); (6) abdominal or vaginal...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Spay; Laparoscopy; Operative time; Transvaginal approach.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352015000300647
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Echobiometrics kidney and renal artery triplex doppler of canine fetuses Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Feliciano,M.A.R.; Cardilli,D.J.; Nepomuceno,A.C.; Crivalero,R.M.; Silva,M.A.M.; Coutinho,L.N.; Oliveira,M.E.F.; Vicente,W.R.R..
The aim of this study was to assess the sogographic parameters and biometry of canine fetal kidneys using the B mode, and to determinate the vascular index of the fetal renal arteries using the Doppler Triplex. Twenty four Shi-tzu and Pug, weighting between 4 and 10kg, aging between 4 and 6 years old were evaluated. The B mode, the fetal renal echobiometry and regularity of the renal surface, echotexture and cortex:medular ratio were evaluated during the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th weeks of pregnancy. At the same time point of the B mode evaluation, the Doppler Triplex was carried out to assess the sistolic peak velocity (SPV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), vascular resistive (RI) and pulsatility index (PI). B mode revealed no fetal renal abnormalities and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Kidney; Fetuses; B-mode ultrasound; Vascular index.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352014000200018
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Laparoscopic repair of congenital pleuroperitoneal hernia using a polypropylene mesh in a dog Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Hartmann,H.F.; Basso,P.C.; Faria,K.L.; Oliveira,M.T.; Souza,F.W.; Garcia,É.V.; Feranti,J.P.S.; Silva,M.A.M.; Brun,M.V..
ABSTRACT Pleuroperitoneal hernias are the most uncommon type of diaphragmatic hernias in dogs and cats. The treatment of choice is surgery and may involve the use of prosthetic implant through celiotomy. In the current report, laparoscopic repair of a congenital pleuroperitoneal hernia using polypropylene mesh in a dog is described. The surgery was feasible. Appropriate reduction of the hernia was carried out and no complications were noted.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Diaphragmatic hernia; Congenital defect; Videosurgery; Canine.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352015000601547
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Use of discriminant analysis based on echocardiography for classification of congestive heart failure in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Silva,A.C.; Muzzi,R.A.L.; Muzzi,L.A.L.; Ferreira,D.F.; Oberlender,G.; Oliveira,M.S.; Nogueira,R.B.; Ticle,L.B..
Mixomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is one of the most common cardiac abnormalities in dogs and humans that can lead to cardiac heart failure (CHF). Its diagnosis remains based on echocardiography and clinical signs. However, the early diagnose of MMVD can contribute to a better prognosis and avoid CHF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, radiographic and echocardiographic presence of CHF in dogs with MMVD in combination with a statistical model as a mathematical tool. For this purpose, dogs were divided into three groups (healthy; MMVD without CHF; and MMVD with CHF), according the clinical, radiographic and echocardiographic evaluation findings. Thus, linear discriminant functions were obtained by analyzing the variables weight, body...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Cardiac disease; Statistical model; Vena contracta.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352014000601727
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The use of reduced glutathione (GSH) as antioxidant for cryopreserved sperm in dogs Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Angrimani,D.S.R.; Nichi,M.; Brito,M.M.; Kawai,G.K.V.; Rui,B.R.; Losano,J.D.A.; Vieira,N.M.G.; Francischini,M.C.P.; Cruz,D.S.G.; Queiroz-Hazarbassanov,N.; Massoco,C.O.; Vannucchi,C.I..
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with different concentrations of reduced glutathione GSH (0; 5; 7.5; 10mM) in the extender for cryopreservation in dogs with evaluations performed after glycerolization (chilled) and thawing (thawed). For this purpose, we used 8 dogs and two semen collections were performed in a weekly interval, totaling 16 semen samples. The sperm were analyzed by automatic sperm motility (CASA) and flow cytometry analysis of mitochondrial potential (JC1 dye) and membrane/acrosome integrity (FITC-PI dyes). We evaluated subjectively the membrane and acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity and DNA integrity. Seminal plasma was evaluated for lipid peroxidation (TBARS concentration). Chilled and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Reactive oxygen species; Cryopreservation; Antioxidant; Canine.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352018000200419
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Ultrasonography and portography in the diagnosis of shunt portoazigos in a dog - case report Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Santos,C.J.; Valadares,R.C.; Torres,R.C.S.; Nepomuceno,A.C..
ABSTRACT Portosystemic shunt (PSS) is an anomalous vascular connection between the portal venous system and the systemic circulation. These deviations connect the main portal vein (PV) or some portal branches to the vena cava (VC) or, less commonly, to the azygos vein (AV). The purpose of this case report was to describe the diagnosis of PSS in a dog classified as porto-azygos. This diagnosis is considered uncommon compared to other portosystemic shunts using ultrasonography and portography. The subject was a male dog, Yorkshire, 8 months old, presented neurological signs characterized by head press, ataxia, tremors and episodes of temporary blindness and deafness. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a dilated and curved anomalous vessel with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Diagnostic imaging; Canine; Portosystemic deviatio.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352019000300863
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B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography of adrenal glands of healthy dogs Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Fernandez,S.; Feliciano,M.A.R.; Crivellenti,S.B.; Crivellenti,L.Z.; Simões,A.P.R.; Maronezi,M.C.; Uscategui,R.R.; Capela,C.R.; Gilor,C.; Santana,A.E.; Vicente,W.R.R..
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the vascular indices of adrenal blood flow in healthy dogs (systolic velocity - SV; diastolic velocity - DV; resistance index - RI). Eighteen dogs (thirty six adrenal) were studied. Physical examination, biochemical profile and dexamethasone suppression test were performed to determine general health status. Echotexture, size, contours and margins, and overall shape of the adrenal gland (right and left) were assessed via ultrasound. By spectral Doppler of the phrenic-abdominal artery, the SV, DV, and RI were acquired. Animals did not show alterations in clinical and laboratory examination and suppression of cortisol. Normal homogeneous and echotexture, regular contours and margins and normal shape and size...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Adrenal glands; Ultrasound; Vascularization.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352016000400907
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Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography of adrenal glands in healthy adult dogs Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Fernandez,S.; Feliciano,M.A.R.; Borin-Crivellenti,S.; Crivellenti,L.Z.; Maronezi,M.C.; Simões,A.P.R.; Silva,P.D.A.; Uscategui,R.R.; Cruz,N.R.N.; Santana,A.E.; Vicente,W.R.R..
ABSTRACT To describe the ARFI elastography in the evaluation of the adrenal glands in adult dogs, to evaluate the stiffness of adrenal parenchyma and to determine the qualitative and quantitative standards of the ARFI technique, which have not yet been described in veterinary medicine. Sixty adrenal glands from thirty healthy adult dogs were evaluated by B-mode and qualitative and quantitative ARFI elastography to assess the stiffness of healthy parenchyma and to determine the quality and quantity (shear velocity) standards of ARFI technique in body, cranial and caudal adrenal poles. Findings of ultrasonography evaluations were normal. Qualitative elastography showed that adrenal glands were not deformable and presented homogeneous middle-gray areas. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Adrenal; Ultrasound.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352017000200340
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Acute-on-chronic subdural cranial hematoma in a dog: case report Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Bonelli,M.A.; Silva,I.C.C.; Fernandes,T.H.T.; Schwarz,T.; Costa,F.S..
ABSTRACT A ten-month-old male Yorkshire terrier dog was evaluated via CT four months after traumatic brain injury. The head CT scan showed dilated ventricles associated with a peripheral crescent-shaped collection of blood near the right parietal bone with a mineralized area. The visceral layer of the hematoma was hyperattenuating on the native scan and showed moderate contrast enhancement after administration of intravenous iodinated contrast medium. No fractures were identified in the calvarium. These findings were compatible with acute-on-chronic calcified subdural hematoma, which have been described with more detail in humans. This is the first report to include the description of the imaging findings related to this condition using computed tomography...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Head trauma; Traumatic brain injury; Computed tomography.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352020000100131
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Gemistocytic astrocytoma in the spinal cord in a dog: a case report Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Chaves,R.O.; Bazzi,T.; Copat,B.; Feranti,J.P.S.; Müller,D.C.M.; Corrêa,L.F.D.; Fighera,R.A.; Mazzanti,A..
ABSTRACT This paper reports a case of a rare variant of the cervical spinal cord astrocytoma diagnosed in a dog with progressive neurological signs, initially asymmetrical, not ambulatory tetraparesis, segmental reflexes and normal muscle tone in all four limbs and absence of pain upon palpation of the cervical spine. Myelography revealed attenuation of the ventral and dorsal contrast line in the third region of the fifth cervical vertebra. At necropsy intramedullary cylindrical mass that stretched from the third to the sixth cervical vertebra, which replaced all the gray matter of the spinal cord was observed. In the histological study, there was the replacement of the substance by neoplastic cells mantle arranged loosely. The cells were large and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canine; Neoplasm; Glioma; Spinal cord.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352016000400901
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