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Jatropha in Mexico: Environmental and Social Impacts of an Incipient Biofuel Program Ecology and Society
Skutsch, Margaret; Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; mskutsch@ciga.unam.mx; de los Rios, Emilio; REMBIO, Mexico; emiliodelos@gmail.com; Solis, Silvia; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; solis.sm@gmail.com; Riegelhaupt, Enrique; REMBIO, Mexico; riegelya@yahoo.com; Hinojosa, Daniel; Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; idhinojosaf@gmail.com; Gerfert, Sonya; University of Twente, the Netherlands; s.gerfert@student.utwente.nl; Gao, Yan; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; yangao98@gmail.com; Masera, Omar; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; omasera@gmail.com.
Three case studies from Mexico are presented in which the impacts of the recent introduction of jatropha cultivation for biodiesel production are examined. In Chiapas and Michoacan, local social and environmental impacts were assessed using interviews with key informants and questionnaires directed at three groups of stakeholders: jatropha cultivators, farmers in the same areas who are not cultivating jatropha, and laborers on jatropha farms. Results show that the farmers are primarily motivated to participate by the subsidies offered in a government program in the first 2 years, rather than any proven economic benefit. Our farm budget study indicated that profits would be marginal for these farmers. However, no cases of land alienation were involved, and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Carbon balance; Estates; Smallholders; Sustainability.
Ano: 2011
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Role of PPase-SE in Geotrichum klebahnii, a yeast-like fungus able to solubilize pectin Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Rojas,Natalia Lorena; Cavalitto,Sebastián Fernando; Mignone,Carlos Fernando; Hours,Roque Alberto.
Protopectinases (PPases) constitute a heterogeneous group of extracellular enzymes able to release soluble pectin from insoluble protopectin in plant tissues. Geotrichum klebahnii (ATCC 42397) produces PPase-SE with endopolygalacturonase activity. PPase-SE has been used for pectin extraction and maceration of plant tissues. Here, the capacity of G. klebahnii to use different pectins as carbon and energy sources (CES) was studied, in addition to PPase-SE capacity to release pectin from lemon peel. The strain was unable to use pectin from different origins as CES. When G. klebahnii was cultivated with mixtures of different amounts of glucose and citrus pectin as CES, the biomass obtained was proportional to the initial concentration of glucose, which was...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Carbon balance; Enzymatic pectin extraction; Microbial pectin utilization; Pectinases; Synthetic medium.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582008000100012
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Углеродный баланс в культуре цианобактерии Spirulina platensis (Nordst.) Geitl. при выращивании на различных источниках углерода IBSS Repository
Бородина, А. В..
Карбонатное равновесие НСО3- + ОН-↔СО32- + Н2О в среде Заррука имеет свои особенности, определяющиеся солевым составом раствора. Переход НСО3-→СО32 (нормальные условия) начинается при рН 8,3-8,4. При повышении рН до 9,8 равновесные концентрации СО32- и НСО3- соотносятся как 1:1. Дальнейшее повышение рН (≥11,3) приводит к полному переводу гидрокарбонат-ионов в карбонат-ионы. И, наоборот, в карбонатной среде с исходным рН11,3 снижение щелочности сопровождается сдвигом равновесия в сторону гидрокарбонатов. Аналогичный переход НСО3-↔СО32 наблюдается и в культуре S. рlatensis. В двух исследованных средах скорость ассимиляции углерода носила различный характер. В гидрокарбонатной среде суточное потребление элемента с течением времени уменьшалось (от 0,15...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Spirulina platensis; Среда Заррука; Карбонатное равновесие; Углеродный баланс; Carbon balance.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/548
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