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The influence of the conservation status and changes in the rainfall regime on forest-savanna mosaic dynamics in Northern Brazilian Amazonia Acta Amazonica
Couto-Santos,Fabiana R.; Luizão,Flávio J.; Carneiro Filho,Arnaldo.
Coupled carbon/climate models are predicting changes in Amazon carbon and water cycles for the near future, with conversion of forest into savanna-like vegetation. However, empirical data to support these models are still scarce for Amazon. Facing this scenario, we investigated whether conservation status and changes in rainfall regime have influenced the forest-savanna mosaic over 20 years, from 1986 to 2006, in a transitional area in Northern Amazonia. By applying a spectral linear mixture model to a Landsat-5-TM time series, we identified protected savanna enclaves within a strictly protected nature reserve (Maracá Ecological Station - MES) and non-protected forest islands at its outskirts and compared their areas among 1986/1994/2006. The protected...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Spectral linear mixture model; Ecotone; Savannization; Climate change; Protected areas.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672014000200005
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Global warming in Amazonia: impacts and Mitigation Acta Amazonica
Fearnside,Philip Martin.
Global warming has potentially catastrophic impacts in Amazonia, while at the same time maintenance of the Amazon forest offers one of the most valuable and cost-effective options for mitigating climate change. We know that the El Niño phenomenon, caused by temperature oscillations of surface water in the Pacific, has serious impacts in Amazonia, causing droughts and forest fires (as in 1997-1998). Temperature oscillations in the Atlantic also provoke severe droughts (as in 2005). We also know that Amazonian trees die both from fires and from water stress under hot, dry conditions. In addition, water recycled through the forest provides rainfall that maintains climatic conditions appropriate for tropical forest, especially in the dry season. What we need...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Carbon; Climate change; Deforestation; Environmental services; Global warming; Greenhouse effect.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672009000400030
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Allometric equations for total, above- and below-ground biomass and carbon of the Amazonian forest type known as campinarana Acta Amazonica
WOORTMANN,Cecilia P.I.B.; HIGUCHI,Niro; SANTOS,Joaquim dos; SILVA,Roseana P. da.
ABSTRACT The Amazon forest comprises many different forest types, amongst them are campinas and campinaranas, which occur on Amazonian sandy soils, representing 2.65% of Amazonian territory. An understanding of the ecology and quantification of the environmental goods and services of campinaranas is key to their conservation. Based on a direct method to estimate biomass and carbon content of campinarana, we harvested and weighted 89 trees and other forest components in ten randomly allocated plots of 100 m2 (10 x 10 m) and 11 additional trees outside the plots. The data allowed us to describe how biomass is distributed amongst campinarana vegetation and amongst tree compartments. We developed allometric equations to estimate the total, above- and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Modelling; Forests on sand; Climate change.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672018000200085
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Assessment of climate change impacts on water resources of the Purus Basin in the southwestern Amazon Acta Amazonica
DALAGNOL,Ricardo; BORMA,Laura de Simone; MATEUS,Pedro; RODRIGUEZ,Daniel Andres.
ABSTRACT Knowledge about water resources is critical for climate adaptation in face of long-term changes and more frequent extreme events occurrence. During the major droughts of 2005 and 2010, a large epicenter was located in the southwestern Amazon over the Purus River Basin. In this sense, we conducted a hydrological simulation in this basin to assess the climate change impacts on its water resources throughout the 21st century. The water balance was simulated using the Distributed Hydrological Model (MHD-INPE). The future climate projections were simulated by the regional ETA-INPE model driven by a 4-member HadCM3 global model regarding the A1B-AR4/IPCC scenario of greenhouse gases emissions. As simulated by the ETA-INPE/HadCM3, the 4-members mean...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Climate change; Hydrologic modeling; Adaptation.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000300213
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POTENTIALLY TOXIC DINOFLAGELLATES ASSOCIATED TO SEAGRASS ON ISLA DE BARÚ, COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN, DURING EL NIÑO 2015 Acta biol.Colomb.
RUIZ GÓMEZ,Anderson; MANCERA PINEDA,José Ernesto.
ABSTRACT In the last decades, harmful algal blooms (HAB) and toxic events such as ciguatera seem to have increased in frequency and intensity, negatively impacting human health, economy, and marine ecosystems. In Colombia, these events have caused a series of consequences ranging from the death of fish and birds to toxic effects on humans. Although some toxin-producing dinoflagellate species are common in the Caribbean, their dynamics are poorly understood, making the adoption of any regulations difficult. To determine the composition and abundance of dinoflagellates associated with seagrasses we collected 18 samples on Isla de Barú, during 2015. We found ten diatom genera and three dinoflagellate genera, Prorocentrum, Ostreopsis, and Gambierdiscus, that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Climate change; Food poisoning; Marine phytoplankton; Microalgae phytoplankton abundance.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-548X2019000100109
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Carbon dioxide-enriched atmosphere enhances biomass accumulation and meristem production in the pioneer shrub Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae) Acta Botanica
Mendes de Sá,Camila Emiliane; Negreiros,Daniel; Fernandes,Geraldo Wilson; Dias,Mariana Costa; Franco,Augusto César.
The increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration predicted to the end of this century may cause several alterations on plant species development, which shall result in changes in the structure and function of plant communities. The present work aimed to investigate the effects of the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration on the development of Baccharis dracunculifolia, a key pioneer Neotropical shrub. Seedlings of B. dracunculifolia were exposed to 720 ppm of CO2 as well as to ambient concentration of CO2 (approximately 360 ppm) during 120 days in open top chambers. Growth and dry biomass accumulation were higher under elevated CO2 concentrations. As a response to CO2 enrichment, there was an increase of 134% in total dry mass, 208% in root dry mass and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Climate change; Elevated [CO2]; Plant growth; Pioneer species; Resource allocation.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062014000400021
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Do the structures of macaw palm fruit protect seeds in a fire-prone environment? Acta Botanica
Bicalho,Elisa Monteze; Rosa,Bruno Luan; Souza,Anna Elisa de; Rios,Camilla Oliveira; Pereira,Eduardo Gusmão.
ABSTRACT Fire is an abiotic disturbance that regulates vegetation structure and biodiversity. Some plant species have adapted to fire prone environments by evolving protective structures. Acrocomia aculeata (macaw palm) is widely distributed throughout tropical America, and is found in environments continuously influenced by anthropogenic fire. We aimed to determine whether the fruit characteristics of A. aculeata enable seeds to resist the effects of fire and also the consequent effects of fire on fruit biometric traits and embryo viability. After a fire event in a region of pasture-forest transition, we marked 30 individuals of A. aculeata. The trees were separated by UPGMA analysis into 5 groups according to fire exposure, ranging from trees with no...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Acrocomia aculeata; Biometry; Burning; Climate change; Seed viability.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062016000400540
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Effects of ocean warming, eutrophication and salinity variations on the growth of habitat-forming macroalgae in estuarine environments Acta Botanica
Borburema,Henrique Douglas dos Santos; Lima,Ruth Pessoa de; Miranda,George Emmanuel Cavalcanti de.
ABSTRACT Global change and coastal eutrophication are affecting macroalgae worldwide. We analyzed the effects of increased water temperature (25, 28 and 32 °C) and eutrophication on the growth of Bostrychia binderi and Bostrychia montagnei in a range of salinities (18, 24, 30, 36 and 42 PSU) through three independent multifactorial experiments. Both species had higher growth at 25 °C than at 28 and 32 °C (warming scenario projected by IPCC), suggesting a negative effect of ocean warming. The species showed a broad tolerance to the range of salinities tested, with higher growth at 36 and 42 PSU, as a local adaptation strategy. Oligotrophic seawater significantly affected the growth of both species because the lowest growth was found in this condition,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bostrychia; Bostrychietum; Climate change; Ecophysiology; Estuarine macroalgae; Eutrophication; Global change; Growth; Salinity variation; Sea level rise.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062020000400662
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Improvement in light utilization and shoot growth in Hymenaea stigonocarpa under high CO 2 concentration attenuates simulated leaf herbivory effects Acta Botanica
Maia,Renata A.; Fernandes,Geraldo W.; Silva,Advanio I. S.; Souza,João Paulo.
ABSTRACT This study evaluated the photochemical responses of photosystem II and growth of Hymenaea stigonocarpa under CO2-enriched conditions with exposure to simulated herbivory events. After herbivory simulation in two distinct parts of the stem of plants (apex and base), chlorophyll a fluorescence, chlorophyll index, growth, extrafloral nectary density, leaf mineral nutrition, and biomass production were evaluated. Plants of H. stigonocarpa grown under high [CO2] after simulated herbivory in the apical part of the stem had higher electron transport rate, effective quantum yield of photosystem II, and chlorophyll contents. However, simulated herbivory in the basal portion of plants grown under high [CO2] increased plant height, branch and root length,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Biomass allocation; Cerrado; Climate change; Leaf damage; Leaf development.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062019000300558
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Increased atmospheric CO2 changes the photosynthetic responses of Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae) to drought Acta Botanica
Rosa,Bruno Luan; Souza,João Paulo; Pereira,Eduardo Gusmão.
ABSTRACT Water availability is the main factor that explains current patterns of palm abundance. However, the interaction between water stress and increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations caused by climatic change and its effects on palm physiology remain poorly known. Macauba palm is a widespread Neotropical species commonly found in ecosystems subjected to seasonal drought and has potential use in oil production. The present work investigated the influence of increased CO2 concentrations on photosynthetic responses to drought in macauba palm plants. Exposure to increased CO2 concentrations led to up-regulation of photosynthesis through higher stomatal conductance and improved light and water use efficiency. Macauba palm plants under water stress,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Climate change; Photosynthesis; Palm; Water stress; Water use efficiency.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062019000300486
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Elevated atmospheric CO2 increases Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake stem diameter by stimulating cell proliferation and reducing lignin deposition Acta Botanica
Innocente,Patricia Sitta; Teixeira,Simone Pádua; Balbuena,Tiago Santana.
ABSTRACT In 2019, the atmospheric CO2 concentration exceeded the 415 ppm milestone for the first time in the human history. According to projections of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), CO2 levels will continue to rise in the future, potentially affecting all living organisms. Plants with C3 metabolism may benefit from rising CO2 levels because the significant losses of photosynthesis, driven by photorespiration could be diminished under this scenario. This study addressed the anatomical changes in the stems of young Eucalyptus urophylla plants induced through cultivation in elevated CO2 (eCO2). Plants cultivated under eCO2 showed increased stem diameter (i.e., radial width of the secondary xylem, secondary phloem and cortex tissues)....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Climate change; Eucalyptus; Lignin; Plant stress; Stem anatomy.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062020000300589
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The influence of nonlinear trends on the power of the trend-free pre-whitening approach Agronomy
Blain, Gabriel Constantino.
The Mann-Kendall test has been widely used to detect trends in agro-meteorological as well as hydrological time series. Trend-free pre-whitening (TFPW-MK) is an approach that improves the performance of this test in the presence of serial correlation. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of TFPW-MK to detect nonlinear trends. As a case study, this approach was also applied to 10-day values of precipitation (P), potential evapotranspiration (PE) and the difference between P and PE (P- PE) obtained from the weather station of Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The results obtained from Monte Carlo simulations indicate that upward convex trends increase the power of this test, while upward concave trends decrease its power. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Mann-Kendall; Serial correlation; Climate change.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/18199
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Photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange in castor bean under conditions of above the optimal temperature and high CO2 Agronomy
Silva, Fabiola França; Mendes, Bruna Silva; Rocha, Maria Socorro; Brito Neto, José Félix; Beltrão, Napoleão Macêdo; Sofiatti, Valdinei.
The castor bean plant, a Euphorbiaceae oil seed C3-metabolism rustic and drought-resistant plant, is cultivated in a wide range of environments due to its good adaptive capacity. However, given the current environmental changes, many biochemical and physiological impacts may affect the productivity of important crops, such as castor bean. This work aimed to evaluate the impacts of the castor bean gas exchange in response to high temperature and increased CO2concentration.Our experiment was conducted in a phytotron located at Embrapa Algodão in 2010. We adopted a completely randomized design, with four treatments in a factorial combination of two temperatures (30/20 and 37/30°C) and two CO2 levels (400 and 800 mmol L-1); four replications were performed,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: 5.01.03.00-8 castor bean; Climate change; Gas exchange; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyllssíntese clorofila 5.01.03.06-7.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/19075
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The Mann-Kendall test: the need to consider the interaction between serial correlation and trend - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v35i4.16006 Agronomy
Blain, Gabriel Constantino; Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC).
Pre-whitening approaches have been widely used to remove the influence of serial correlations on the Mann-Kendall trend test (MK_prew). However, previous studies indicate that this procedure may lead to a false reduction of the significance of a trend. An alternative approach (MK_interact) has been proposed to improve the assessment of the significance of a trend in auto-correlated data. Therefore, the present study compared the performance of the MK_prew and MK_interact for detecting trends in auto-correlated series. Sets of Monte Carlo experiments were carried out to evaluate the occurrence of type I and II errors obtained from both approaches. The analyses were also based on 10-day values of the difference between precipitation and potential...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Monte Carlo experiments; Auto-correlated series; Climate change; Pre-whitening.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/16006
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The role of small ruminants on global climate change Animal Sciences
Monteiro, Alda Lúcia Gomes; Faro, Amanda Moser Coelho da Fonseca; Peres, Mylena Taborda Piquera; Batista, Rafael; Poli, Cesar Henrique Espirito Candal; Villalba, Juan Jose.
 Global warming, as a consequence of excessive CO2 production mainly due to anthropogenic actions, is one of the main concerns of society due to the effects it can cause in the survival of humans, plants and animals. Several climatic consequences have already been reported, such as warming the oceans and changing biodiversity in various regions of the planet. One of the greenhouse gases responsible for global warming, which causes a lot of concern, is methane gas from digestion of food by ruminants. Besides that, emissions of greenhouse gases are represented also by waste management, rice cultivation, burning of residues from agriculture and soil management for agricultural production. Among ruminants, sheep and goats play an important economic role mainly...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Climate change; Goats; Methane; Sheep..
Ano: 2018 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/43124
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Potential crop water requirements of dry season Boro rice under climate change in North-East hydrological region of Bangladesh CIGR Journal
Rahman, Md Abedur; Haq, Md Erfanul; Anjum, Naveed.
In the present study, two districts of North-East region of Bangladesh; a flood prone area with high temperature and maximum precipitation, respectively were selected along-with two widely cultivated Boro rice varieties in Bangladesh. Reference evapotranspiration (ETO) during the study period from 1994 to 2010 was estimated with the daily meteorological data utilizing the FAO Penman-Monteith method. A MAKESENS trend model was adopted for the assessment of both Mann-Kendall test and Sen's rate of change over the study period. During the study period, the potential crop water requirement of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute dhan 28 and BRRI dhan 29 in Moulvibazar has been declined by −3.953 mm year−1 and −5.182 mm year−1, respectively; whereas it has been...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Potential crop water requirement; Climate change; MAKESENS trend model; Boro rice; Sen’s slope; Mann-Kendall test.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5494
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Concentrations and Settling Rates of Particulate Matter in Laying Hen Barns in the Hot Climatic Region of Cameroon CIGR Journal
Ngwabie, Ngwa Martin.
Particulate matter (PM) serves as a carrier of adhesive gaseous compounds, and may result to an underestimation of gas emissions from livestock barns when only filtered air samples are analysed. PM concentrations have hardly been studied in the unique livestock production system of Sub-Saharan Africa. This study was aimed at generating baseline data for PM (total suspended particulates) concentrations and settling rates in laying hen barns with cemented floors and wood shavings added as an initial bedding material. Measurements were conducted in two naturally ventilated laying hen barns in Cameroon; a barn with 4 months old hens that had just stated laying eggs and a barn with 18 months old egg laying hens. PM concentration was determined gravimetrically...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Air pollution; Climate change; Dust; Laying hens; Particulate matter; Total suspended particulates; Cameroon..
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5566
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Status and sustainability challenges of agricultural water usage in Bangladesh CIGR Journal
Amin, M. G. Mostofa.
Maintaining sustainability in agricultural water usage is a critical concern particularly when the burgeoning population demands more food while adverse climate change impacts water availability. Despite this, the climate-water-crop nexus is still poorly understood in many regions throughout the globe. This study was conducted to quantify current agricultural water use in Bangladesh, one of the most climate-vulnerable countries, and to assess its sustainability challenges. The number of crops, cropping area, yield, water use, long-term daily rainfall, daily river stage and weekly groundwater level data were collected and statistically analyzed. This study revealed that the two most drought-prone northwest divisions export virtual water embedded in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Virtual water transport; Climate change; Water security; Groundwater; Surface water; Precipitation; Drought index.
Ano: 2021 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/6973
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Altitudinal genetic variation among Pinus patula populations from Oaxaca, México, in growth chambers simulating global warming temperatures Agrociencia
Sáenz-Romero,Cuauhtémoc; Beaulieu,Jean; Rehfeldt,Gerald E..
Climatic change will decouple the matching between genotypes and environments. Studying the patterning of genetic variation among pine populations along altitudinal gradients under simulated climatic change temperatures, would provide insights about how to realign the present populations to future environments. Fourteen Pinus patula populations from the forests of the Native Indian Community of Ixtlán de Juárez, state of Oaxaca, México, were collected in January-March 2005 and 2006 along an altitudinal gradient (2400 m to 3050 m, one population every 50 m of altitudinal difference). Seedlings were grown in growth chambers at the Laurentides Forestry Center, Quebec city, Canada, under two temperature treatments aiming to simulate: contemporary temperature...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Altitudinal gradients; Altitudinal seed zoning; Assisted migration; Climate change; Genetic differentiation.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1405-31952011000300012
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Climatically-mediated landcover change: impacts on Brazilian territory Anais da ABC (AABC)
ZANIN,MARINA; TESSAROLO,GEIZIANE; MACHADO,NATHÁLIA; ALBERNAZ,ANA LUISA M..
ABSTRACT In the face of climate change threats, governments are drawing attention to policies for mitigating its effects on biodiversity. However, the lack of distribution data makes predictions at species level a difficult task, mainly in regions of higher biodiversity. To overcome this problem, we use native landcover as a surrogate biodiversity, because it can represent specialized habitat for species, and investigate the effects of future climate change on Brazilian biomes. We characterize the climatic niches of native landcover and use ecological niche modeling to predict the potential distribution under current and future climate scenarios. Our results highlight expansion of the distribution of open vegetation and the contraction of closed forests....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Climate change; Brazil; Ecological niche modeling; Native landcover; Biomes.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000300939
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