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From Community-Based Resource Management to Complex Systems: The Scale Issue and Marine Commons 7
Berkes, Fikret; University of Manitoba; berkes@cc.umanitoba.ca.
Most research in the area of common and common-pool resources in the past two or three decades sought the simplicity of community-based resource management cases to develop theory. This was done mainly because of the relative ease of observing processes of self-governance in simple cases, but it raises questions related to scale. To what extent can the findings of small-scale, community-based commons be scaled up to generalize about regional and global commons? Even though some of the principles from community-based studies are likely to be relevant across scale, new and different principles may also come into play at different levels. The study of cross-level institutions such as institutions of co-management, provides ways to approach scale-related...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article Palavras-chave: Common property theory; Community-based resource management; Complex adaptive systems; Marine commons; Scale..
Ano: 2006
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Improved Water Supply in the Ghanaian Volta Basin: Who Uses it and Who Participates in Community Decision-Making? 31
Engel, Stefanie; Iskandarani, Maria; Useche, Pilar.
We examine access to, use of, and participation in decisions on improved water supply in the Volta basin of Ghana, one of the first countries to introduce a community-based approach to rural water supply on a large scale. While 71 percent of the households interviewed have access to improved water, 43 percent of these continue to use unsafe sources as their main domestic water source. Our results indicate that quality perceptions and opportunity costs play an important role in households’ choice of water source. The effect of prices and income levels on this choice differs according to the pricing system used. Given that supply characteristics such as the location and pricing system affect household decisions to use the improved source, households may try...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Water safety; Water use; Community participation; Community-based resource management; Water resource allocation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59243
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