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Evaluating Regulatory Impact Analyses AgEcon
Harrington, Winston; Morgenstern, Richard D..
Federal agencies in the United States are required to prepare regulatory impact analyses (RIAs) for every major regulatory action they undertake. Increasingly, other OECD countries are imposing similar requirements. However, there has been little examination of the quality of these documents or of the uses to which they have been put in the regulatory process or elsewhere. In this paper we survey previous efforts to evaluate RIAs and find a fair amount of evaluation of RIAs as stand-alone documents, but much less evaluation of their contribution to producing better regulations.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Regulation; RIA; Benefit-cost analysis; Cost-effectiveness analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; H11; H43.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10774
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ARE FRUIT AND VEGETABLE STAMP POLICIES COST-EFFECTIVE? AgEcon
de Mouzon, Olivier; Requillart, Vincent; Soler, Louis-Georges; Dallongeville, Jean; Dauchet, Luc.
In many countries, consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&V) is below recommended levels. We quantify the economic and health effects of F&V stamp policy designed for low income consumers. The analysis combined two models: an economic model which predicts how F&V consumption is affected by a change in policy and a health model which evaluates the impact of a change in F&V consumption in terms of death avoided (DA) and life-years saved (LYS). Finally we computed the costs per DA and LYS as the ratio between the taxpayer cost of the policy and the number of DA and LYS. The main findings of the present study are: (1) F&V stamp policy has a positive and significant impact on the consumption of small F&V consumers of the targeted...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Cost-effectiveness analysis; Fruits and Vegetables; Health Impact Assessment; Health Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D61; I18; Q18.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116416
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On the Choice of Cost and Effectiveness Indicators in the Context of the European Water Policy AgEcon
Sinabell, Franz; Schmid, Erwin.
The Water Framework Directive requires EU Member States to analyse economic impacts of the Directive's implementation. To reach a "good status", instruments have to be judged according to their cost-effectiveness. We evaluate costs and effects of measures to reduce nitrate emission of Austrian agriculture. Results are based on a model that integrates production decisions with stochastic environmental outcomes. The Directive's requirement to involve stakeholders may make it necessary to take a large number of indicators into consideration. We find that alternative calculations of the effectiveness criterion give different rankings of the most effective combination of measures.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Sustainable water management; Environmental policy; Cost-effectiveness analysis; Eco-eco-modelling; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28; Q18.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25394
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Near-Term Greenhouse Gas Emissions Targets AgEcon
Kopp, Raymond J..
At the present time no widely accepted temporal emissions path for greenhouse gases has been developed and adopted at either a country or a global level. What does exist is a set of near-term, country-level emissions targets associated with the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol and a process for the determination of targets for subsequent commitment periods. However, the first commitment period targets specified by the protocol have been heavily criticized on the grounds that they are arbitrary and ad hoc. The purpose of this paper is to examine the conceptual foundations upon which one might base a domestic climate policy for the United States and to attempt to determine whether a near-term emissions target can indeed be derived from...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: U.S. climate policy; Greenhouse gas target; Cost-effectiveness analysis; Cost-benefit analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q4.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10818
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Potential Impacts of Golden Rice on Public Health in India AgEcon
Stein, Alexander J.; Sachdev, H.P.S.; Qaim, Matin.
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) affects millions of people world-wide, causing serious health problems. Golden Rice (GR), which has been genetically engineered to produce beta-carotene, is being proposed as a remedy. While this new technology has aroused controversial debates, its nutritional impact and cost-effectiveness remain unclear. We determine the current burden of VAD in India from a public health perspective,and simulate the potential alleviating impact of GR using representative household food consumption data. Given broad public support, GR could more than halve the overall burden of VAD. Juxtaposing health benefits and overall costs suggests that GR is very costeffective.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Golden Rice; Vitamin A deficiency; Biofortification; Genetic engineering; DALYs; Cost-effectiveness analysis; India; Crop Production/Industries; Health Economics and Policy; I0; I3; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25381
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Cost-Effectiveness of Water Conservation Measures: A Multi-level Analysis with Policy Implications AgEcon
Blanco-Gutierrez, Irene; Varela-Ortega, Consuelo; Flichman, Guillermo.
Groundwater in Spain, as in other arid or semiarid countries worldwide, has been intensely used for the expansion of irrigated agriculture. This booming development has induced a remarkable socioeconomic development in many rural areas but has produced far-reaching environmental problems. In the Spanish Western La Mancha Aquifer, the excessive, and sometimes illegal, water abstraction for irrigation agriculture has resulted in the Aquifer’s overexploitation and has been responsible of the degradation of the associated wetlands “Tablas de Daimiel”, an internationally reputed, Ramsarnominated aquatic ecosystem. To undertake this analysis, a mathematical programming model has been developed to simulate farmers’ behaviour and their responses to different water...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Environmental degradation; Water policies; Cost-effectiveness analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43846
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Heterogeneity in Costs and Second-Best Policies for Environmental Protection AgEcon
Burtraw, Dallas; Cannon, Matthew.
This paper investigates heterogeneity in pollution abatement costs using a computable general equilibrium framework. Previous literature using aggregated data has found that "grandfathered" tradable permits are dominated by other instruments including emission taxes, performance standards, and technology mandates because of interactions with pre-existing taxes. However, when the underlying costs of abatement are heterogeneous, a disaggregate representation of costs yields qualitatively different findings. In a disaggregate model of NOX abatement in the United States, the relative performance of tradable permits improves significantly and out-performs command and control approaches over a wide range of emission reductions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Cost-effectiveness analysis; General equilibrium; Environmental policy; Instrument choice; Second-best regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy; D58; H21; L51.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10875
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