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| Registros recuperados: 23 | |
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| Ney, Marlon Gomes; Hoffmann, Rodolfo. |
| The paper analyses the effects of rural income determinants, in particular of human capital and physical capital. Besides the earnings equation estimated for persons occupied in agriculture, the paper also analyzes earnings regressions for persons occupied in the industry and service sectors. The results show that physical capital is the main determinant of earnings in Brazilian agriculture, but schooling is the most important determinant of earnings for persons occupied in rural non-farm activities and for all persons living in rural areas. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Income; Human capital; Physical capital; Rural; Brazil.; Agribusiness; Q15; D31. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60818 |
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| Galan, Juan Sebastian. |
| This paper uses historic data from Cundinamarca, Colombia to empirically assess the impact of land inequality persistence, inherited from the colonial rule, on economic development in the long run. Based on the Engerman & Sokoloff hypothesis and the use of GIS, I use plausible exogenous variation in land endowments to design an instrumental variable strategy. In contrast to recent studies, I find that more unequal municipalities in the XIX and XX century are associated with better growth, human capital and public goods provision measures today. Political economy channels instead of agricultural productivity gains can explain these results. In municipalities where land was historically more concentrated, powerful landowners were more successful in... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land inequality; Growth; Public goods; Political economy; Land Economics/Use; O13; D31; N36. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107398 |
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| Dincer, Oguzhan C.; Gunalp, Burak. |
| In this study we analyze the effects of corruption on income inequality and poverty. Our analysis advances the existing literature in four ways. First, instead of using corruption indices assembled by various investment risk services, we use an objective measure of corruption: the number of public officials convicted in a state for crimes related to corruption. Second, we use all commonly used inequality and poverty measures including various Atkinson indexes, Gini index, standard deviation of the logarithms, relative mean deviation, coefficient of variation, and the poverty rate defined by the U.S. Census Bureau. Third, we minimize the problems which are likely to arise due to data incomparability by examining the differences in income inequality, and... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Income Inequality; Poverty; D31; D73; I32. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37848 |
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| Altonji, Joseph G.; Doraszelski, Ulrich. |
| We explore the extent to which the huge race gap in wealth can be explained with properly constructed income and demographic variables. In some instances we explain the entire wealth gap with income and demographics provided that we estimate the wealth model on a sample of whites. However, we typically explain a much smaller fraction when we estimate the wealth model on a black sample. Using sibling comparisons to control for intergenerational transfers and the effects of adverse history, we find that differences in income and demographics are not likely to account for the lower explanatory power of the black wealth models. Our analysis of growth models of wealth suggests that differences in savings behavior and/or rates of return play an important role. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Black-White wealth gap; Siblings; Savings; Consumer/Household Economics; D31; J7; D91. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28493 |
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| Belton, Willie; Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth. |
| It has been well documented in the literature that ethnicity matters significantly in the determination of savings. In particular, African-American savings lag far behind that of other ethnic groups. Similarly, the literature also provides evidence of the long-lived nature of institutions and the link between institutions and culture. In this paper, we provide an explanation for the savings gap that still exists between African-Americans and White Americans even after accounting for appropriate factors that can lead to savings differentials. We initially provide evidence that the savings gap exists and persist after including several control variables in a regression analysis. We then provide evidence that the persistent gap can not be attributed solely... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Savings gap; Institutions; Race; Culture; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; D14; D31; J15; J78; N30. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37089 |
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| Ferreira, Carlos Roberto; Souza, Solange de Cassia Inforzato de. |
| This work has as objective to analyze the participation and the contribution of the household income “retirements and pensions” for the inequality of the distribution of the per capita household income in Brazil and Rural Brazil, in the period from 1981 to 2003. For that, it revises the literature about concentration of income and social welfare in the country, and it uses the Gini index components decomposition methodology: revenue of the main work, revenue of other works, retirements and pensions, donations, rent revenues and other revenues (interests, dividends, etc.). It stands out, in the results, the growing participation of the retirements and pensions and in the 1990`s in relation to the previous decade, with larger intensity in rural Brazil,... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Rural Social Welfare; Retirements and pensions; Concentration of income.; Agribusiness; D31; D63.. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61925 |
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| Szekely, Miguel. |
| This paper processes 76 household surveys from 17 Latin American countries to document changes in poverty and inequality during the 1990s, and performs an analysis of the effect of economic reforms on inequality and poverty by using an expanded data base of 94 surveys spanning the 1977-2000 period. We show that there is no country in Latin America where inequality declined during the 1990s. Poverty declined in 10 or 11 out of the 17 countries for which household surveys are available to us, depending on the poverty measured used. Persistently high inequality inhibited further poverty reduction. One important factor contributing to the persistently high inequality level is financial liberalization. Trade liberalization and slight inequality-reducing effect. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Inequality; Poverty; Latin America; Food Security and Poverty; D31; O12; O54. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43997 |
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| Escobal D'Angelo, Javier; Saavedra, Jaime; Torero, Maximo. |
| The document analyzes the possession and access to assets on the part of the poor in Peru. It is found that during the last ten years the average level of access to education increased while and inequality of access to this asset decreased. The access to other public services has also increased, though the inequality levels are still very high. The same happens with the access to credit and other assets that can serve as collateral. The econometric analysis shows a positive effect of the access to public assets on the profitability of private assets. It is also found that changes in assets tenure are not sufficient to explain transitions toward and outside poverty, thought they are crucial to explain the permanency in poverty or the permanency out of this... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Pobreza; Distribucion del ingreso; Poverty; Income distribution; Peru; I32; D31. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37976 |
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| Registros recuperados: 23 | |
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