| Diabetes mellitus caused by insulin deficiency and chronic hyperglycemia usually presents complications including cataract, retinopathy, recurrent infections and ketoacidosis. Chronic hyperglycemia can cause long-term complications such as diabetic nephropathy. In humans, diabetic nephropathy is characterized mainly by glomerular injury and usually it is associated with systemic hypertension. The mechanisms proposed for the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy could be glomerular injury, as well as renal tubular damage. However, there are few studies analyzing the relationship between diabetes mellitus and kidney damage in dogs. The objective of this review is to clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy and to analyze the available... |
