SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

van Kerkhoff, Lorrae E.; The Australian National University; lorrae.vankerkhoff@anu.edu.au; Lebel, Louis; Chiang Mai University, Thailand; llebel@loxinfo.co.th.

Tackling major environmental change issues requires effective partnerships between science and governance, but relatively little work in this area has examined the diversity of settings from which such partnerships may, or may not, emerge. In this special feature we draw on experiences from around the world to demonstrate and investigate the consequences of diverse capacities and capabilities in bringing science and governance together. We propose the concept of coproductive capacities as a useful new lens through which to examine these relations. Coproductive capacity is “the combination of scientific resources and governance capability that shapes the extent to which a society, at various levels, can operationalize relationships between...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis

Palavras-chave: Capacity development; Coproduction; Environmental governance; Environmental policy; Knowledge; Scale; Science-policy interface; Sustainable development.

Ano: 2015

Incorporating Science into the Environmental Policy Process: a Case Study from Washington State

Francis, Tessa B.; University of Washington; tessa@u.washington.edu; Whittaker, Kara A.; University of Washington; karaayn@u.washington.edu; Shandas, Vivek; University of Washington; chickade@u.washington.edu; Mills, April V.; University of Washington; amills@u.washington.edu; Graybill, Jessica K.; University of Washington; graybill@u.washington.edu.

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Best available science; Critical areas ordinance; Environmental policy; Growth Management Act; Land-use planning; Washington State.

Ano: 2005

An Empirical Analysis of Stakeholders’ Influence on Policy Development: the Role of Uncertainty Handling

Bijlsma, Rianne M.; University of Twente, The Netherlands; Deltares, The Netherlands; r.m.bijlsma@alumnus.utwente.nl; Bots, Pieter W. G.; Cemagref (UMR G-EAU); University of Delft, The Netherlands; p.w.g.bots@tudelft.nl; Wolters, Henk A.; Deltares, The Netherlands; henk.wolters@deltares.nl; Hoekstra, Arjen Y.; University of Twente, The Netherlands; a.y.hoekstra@utwente.nl.

Stakeholder participation is advocated widely, but there is little structured, empirical research into its influence on policy development. We aim to further the insight into the characteristics of participatory policy development by comparing it to expert-based policy development for the same case. We describe the process of problem framing and analysis, as well as the knowledge base used. We apply an uncertainty perspective to reveal differences between the approaches and speculate about possible explanations. We view policy development as a continuous handling of substantive uncertainty and process uncertainty, and investigate how the methods of handling uncertainty of actors influence the policy development. Our findings suggest that the wider frame...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Environmental policy; Framing; Participation; Policy development; Policy process; Stakeholder involvement; Uncertainty.

Ano: 2011

Achieving ecological restoration by working with local people: a Chinese scholar seeks win-win paths

Zheng, Heran; College of Economic Management, Beijing Forestry University; zhengheran@foxmail.com; Wang, Guosheng; China Law Society; gshwang@126.com.

Environmental degradation and poverty are linked, and this means that conservation and poverty reduction must be tackled together. However, finding a successful integrated strategy has been an elusive goal. We describe the career of a Chinese scholar, Shixiong Cao, whose persistent efforts to find and follow win-win paths have led to ecological restoration accompanied by long-term benefits for local residents. Cao’s story illustrates how development that combines environmental and economic perspectives can both help people to escape the poverty trap and restore degraded environments. His experience demonstrates that when environmental managers find solutions that can mitigate or eliminate poverty through the development of green enterprises, they...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article

Palavras-chave: Environmental conservation; Environmental policy; Poverty trap; Scientific philosophy; Socioeconomic development.

Ano: 2014

Exploring the Promise of Actor Analysis for Environmental Policy Analysis: Lessons from Four Cases in Water Resources Management

Hermans, Leon M.; Delft University of Technology; l.m.hermans@tudelft.nl.

A persistent challenge for the development of well-informed and sound environmental policies is to improve the connection between environmental experts, decision makers, and other involved actors. Answers are sought in processes for social learning and adaptive co-management that engage experts, decision makers, and local actors in an interactive way of policy making. The preparation and organization of such interactive processes is usefully supported by actor analysis, which can help to identify the main actors to be involved in environmental policy making, to locate useful local knowledge, to identify potential conflicts, and to assess the feasibility of different policy measures. I explored the promise that actor analysis holds to support environmental...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Actor analysis; Environmental policy; Policy analysis; Stakeholder analysis; Water resources management.

Ano: 2008

Fit in the Body: Matching Embodied Cognition with Social-Ecological Systems

Hukkinen, Janne I; University of Helsinki; janne.i.hukkinen@helsinki.fi.

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis

Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycle; Adaptive management; Blending; Cognitive anthropology; Cognitive linguistics; Conceptual integration; Embodied cognition; Environmental policy; Neoclassical economics; Panarchy; Social-ecological systems; Socio-ecological systems.

Ano: 2012

Uncertainty as Information: Narrowing the Science-policy Gap

Bradshaw, G. A.; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) and USDA Forest S; bradshaw@nceas.ucsb.edu; Borchers, Jeffrey G; Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University; borcherj@ucs.orst.edu.

Conflict and indecision are hallmarks of environmental policy formulation. Some argue that the requisite information and certainty fall short of scientific standards for decision making; others argue that science is not the issue and that indecisiveness reflects a lack of political willpower. One of the most difficult aspects of translating science into policy is scientific uncertainty. Whereas scientists are familiar with uncertainty and complexity, the public and policy makers often seek certainty and deterministic solutions. We assert that environmental policy is most effective if scientific uncertainty is incorporated into a rigorous decision-theoretic framework as knowledge, not ignorance. The policies that best utilize scientific findings are defined...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Decision making; Environmental policy; Global climate change; Monitoring; Risk; Uncertainty.

Ano: 2000

Mitigação das emissões de gases de efeitos estufa pela adoção das tecnologias do Plano ABC: estimativas parciais.

Infoteca-e

MANZATTO, C. V.; ARAUJO, L. S. de; ASSAD, E. D.; SAMPAIO, F. G.; SOTTA, E. D.; VICENTE, L. E.; PEREIRA, S. E. M.; LOEBMANN, D. G. dos S. W.; VICENTE, A. K..

A publicação apresenta um primeiro estudo efetuado sobre as tecnologias preconizadas pela Plataforma ABC (TECabc) e que teve como objetivos discutir e analisar a lógica produtiva de tais tecnologias e realizar uma estimativa inicial da contribuição do Plano ABC para a mitigação das emissões dos gases de efeito estufa, ressaltando-se as variações e incertezas dos dados disponíveis sobre a adoção das TECabc, a diversidade de sistemas de produção e manejo do solo e a ausência de coeficientes de emissõ es regionalizados.

Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: Recuperação de pastagem; Fixação biológica de nitrogênio; Gases de efeito estufa; Mitigação; Agricultura Sustentável; Efeito Estufa; Mudança Climática; Agrossilvicultura; Fixação Simbiótica de Nitrogênio; Florestamento; Política Ambiental; Plantio Direto; Greenhouse gas emissions; Sustainable agricultural intensification; Integrated agricultural systems; Nitrogen fixation; Waste treatment; Animal wastes; Environmental policy.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1123612

Plano municipal de mitigação e adaptação às mudanças do clima de Rio Branco.

Infoteca-e

AMARAL, E. F. do; NASCIMENTO, W.; BRILHANTE, S. H. C.; GUERRA, R.; SOUSA, M. L.; MARTORANO, L. G.; MORAES, J. R. da S. C. de; VIANA, J. G. de L.; FRANKE, I. L.; SAVIAN, G.; PANTOJA, E..

O Plano Municipal de Mitigação e Adaptação às Mudanças do Clima (PMMC) norteará o município de Rio Branco na definição de políticas e projetos voltados à mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas. Este Plano reúne as ações prioritárias a serem implementadas, para o enfrentamento dos desafios prementes, constituindo-se em um pacto de esperança e compromisso com os moradores de Rio Branco.

Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: Amazonia Occidental.; Cambio climático; Reducción de riesgos; Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Mudança Climática; Políticas Públicas; Política Ambiental; Impacto Ambiental; Redução.; Public policy; Climate change; Risk reduction.; Environmental policy.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1130604

Índice de dissipação de erosividade.

Infoteca-e

D'AGOSTINI, L. R.; DENARDIN, J. E.; LEMAINSKI, J..

bitstream/item/175114/1/ID44322-2017DO175.pdf

Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: Erosão; Política ambiental; Soil erosion; Environmental policy.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1090308

Addressing Marine and Coastal Governance Conflicts at the Interface of Multiple Sectors and Jurisdictions

ArchiMer

Bellanger, Manuel; Speir, Cameron; Blanchard, Fabian; Brooks, Kate; Butler, James R. A.; Crosson, Scott; Fonner, Robert; Gourguet, Sophie; Holland, Daniel S.; Kuikka, Sakari; Le Gallic, Bertrand; Lent, Rebecca; Libecap, Gary D.; Lipton, Douglas W.; Nayak, Prateep Kumar; Reid, David; Scemama, Pierre; Stephenson, Robert; Thébaud, Olivier; Young, Juliette C..

Marine and coastal activities are closely interrelated, and conflicts among different sectors can undermine management and conservation objectives. Governance systems for fisheries, power generation, irrigation, aquaculture, marine biodiversity conservation, and other coastal and maritime activities are typically organized to manage conflicts within sectors, rather than across them. Based on the discussions around eight case studies presented at a workshop held in Brest in June 2019, this paper explores institutional approaches to move beyond managing conflicts within a sector. We primarily focus on cases where the groups and sectors involved are heterogeneous in terms of: the jurisdiction they fall under; their objectives; and the way they value ecosystem...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Trade-offs; Ecosystem management; Ecosystem services; Cross-sectoral coordination; Marine governance; Multi-jurisdictional conflicts; Institutions; Environmental policy.

Ano: 2020

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00652/76376/77383.pdf

Adaptation to Climate Change in the Developing World

OceanDocs

Huq, S.; Adger, W.N.; Brown, K.; Hulme, M..

The world’s climate is changing and will continue to change into the coming century at rates projected to be unprecedented in recent human history. The risks associated with these changes are real but highly uncertain. Societal vulnerability to the risks associated with climate change may exacerbate ongoing social and economic challenges, particularly for those parts of societies dependent on resources that are sensitive to changes in climate. Risks are apparent in agriculture, fisheries and many other components that constitute the livelihood of rural populations in developing countries. In this paper we explore the nature of risk and vulnerability in the context of climate change and review the evidence on present-day adaptation in developing countries...

Tipo: Journal Contribution

Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Vulnerability; Climate change; Environmental policy; Developing countries; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/833

A note on the performance measure of conservation auctions

Latacz-Lohmann, Uwe; Schilizzi, Steven.

We argue that previous assessments of discriminatory-price conservation auctions may have systematically overestimated their performance relative to uniform-payment schemes due to an inappropriate counterfactual comparison. We demonstrate that the cost curve (and not the bid curve) is the relevant supply curve when a uniform payment is offered and provide a theoretically rigorous counterfactual based on that insight. We estimate that the performance of BushTender may have been overrated by more than 50%.

Environmental Mechanism Designs in a New Order of Regulatory Capitalism

Palavras-chave: Auctions; Procurement; Tenders; Conservation; Economic experiments; Model validation; Plus: assessment method; Agricultural policy; Environmental policy; Market-based instruments; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C91; C92; D44; Q24; Q28.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100885

Mullen, Jeffrey D.; Centner, Terence J.; Wetzstein, Michael E..

Complexity of environmental programs is most apparent with information asymmetries, making the design of efficient mechanisms particularly challenging. As developed theoretically in this paper, a new regulatory capitalism paradigm mating voluntary agreements with environmental education can produce outcomes at least as efficient as voluntary agreements alone. Such a design exploits a key difference between voluntary agreements versus educational programs in terms of their impact on agents' incentive compatibilities. Specifically, in a principal-agent model, voluntary agreements are associated with an incentive-compatibility constraint, whereas educational programs are not. The efficient bundle will likely consist of a set of education programs and...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Command and control; Environmental education; Environmental policy; Voluntary agreements; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9357

A Paradox for Agro-Environmental Land Policy

Hennessy, David A.; Feng, Hongli.

A regulator with a fixed budget to spend on securing environmental benefits from farmed land has to choose between how many acres to enroll and the extent of benefits to require of each enrolled acre. Here we consider, given heterogeneous land, what properties of the environmental benefit-to-cost ratio imply for the choice of optimal program as the available budget varies. Conditions are found such that a program of high benefits on few acres is preferred for any budget level. It is also possible that a program delivering low benefits per acre at low cost is preferred on each land type, and yet a high benefit program is optimal policy, a variant of Simpson’s paradox.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY REFORM: A TAXONOMY OF ECONOMISTS' PERSPECTIVES

Palavras-chave: Benefit-to-cost ratio; Environmental policy; Land heterogeneity; Simpson’s paradox.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53934

Shabman, Leonard A.; Stephenson, Kurt.

As the environmental policy recommendations of economists become more acceptable, differences in the professional understanding of, and support for, different policy forms are becoming more apparent. These different approaches to environmental policy and research are described around a taxonomy of four perspectives: "rational analysts," "cost analysts", "market managers," and "free market environmentalists." These perspectives are compared and contrasted. Recognition of these differences can result in a better appreciation of the different research agendas of economists and can improve clarity in teaching and policy advising.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Economic incentives; Environmental policy; Regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15225

Strategic Choice of International Emissions Trading Scheme in an Open Economy with Perfect Competition

Boom, Jan Tjeerd.

Emissions trading can be organized in several ways. In particular, private emissions trading can be organized as permit trading, or as credit trading. The schemes have a different impact on output with credit trading leading to a higher output level than permit trading. This paper analyzes what the optimal choice of emissions trading scheme is in a model with international trade and perfect competition in the product and emission quota market. Furthermore, I discuss whether it is optimal for the country to allow its firms to trade emissions internationally. The paper shows that countries want to use these schemes in different circumstances, depending on whether they import or export the good. Furthermore, it is shown that in several cases, countries...

ACCOUNTING FOR SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATERSHEDS IN EVALUATING WATER POLLUTION ABATEMENT POLICIES

Palavras-chave: Environmental policy; Emissions trading; Credit trading; International trade; Perfect competition; Strategic behavior; Environmental Economics and Policy; F10; L51; Q25; Q28.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24196

Qiu, Zeyuan; Prato, Anthony A..

This study evaluates three agricultural nonpoint pollution abatement policies: regulating the spatial pattern of agricultural activities, ambient tax, and abatement tax/subsidy. All three policies incorporate spatial characteristics of agricultural emission loading and movement for an agricultural watershed in the Midwest. The effects of spatial variation in natural conditions and landscape features on agricultural emissions and crop yield are evaluated using a newly developed biophysical simulation model and experimental data. While the policies are equally cost effective in reducing agricultural nonpoint source pollution, their implementation feasibility is quite different.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Atrazine; Environmental policy; Nonpoint pollution; Simulation; Watershed management; Water quality; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15135

Tradable Green Certificates as a Policy Instrument? A Discussion on the Case of Poland

Heinzel, Christoph; Winkler, Thomas.

Quota obligation schemes based on tradable green certificates have become a popular policy instrument to expand power generation from renewable energy sources (RES). Their application, however, can neither be justified as a first-best response to a market failure, nor, in a second-best sense, as an instrument mitigating distortionary effects of the emissions externality, if an emissions trading system exists that fully covers the energy industry. We study how ancillary reasons, in form of overcoming various barriers for RES use and establishing beneficial side-effects, such as industry development, energy security, and abatement of pollutants not covered under the ETS, apply to the scheme recently introduced in Poland. While setting substantial expansion...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Tradable green certificates; Environmental policy; Poland; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95068

Limited Cooperation in International Environmental Agreements

Karp, Larry S.; Sacheti, Sandeep.

Governments' desire to ameliorate environmental problems may conflict with other goals. Policy levels which balance different objectives can be altered by policy changes in other countries. A decrease in the importance of the pollution problem, or an increase in its global extent, increase the likelihood that tighter environmental regulations in one region induce laxer policies elsewhere. The transboundary character and the importance of environmental externalities also affect the amount of cooperation needed to improve members' welfare in a coalition. More global pollution problems require a larger coalition. However, the critical coalition size may be larger or smaller for more severe problems.