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| Moreira Jr.,E.D.; Stein,Z.; Susser,E.. |
| Results of subgroup analysis (SA) reported in randomized clinical trials (RCT) cannot be adequately interpreted without information about the methods used in the study design and the data analysis. Our aim was to show how often inaccurate or incomplete reports occur. First, we selected eight methodological aspects of SA on the basis of their importance to a reader in determining the confidence that should be placed in the author's conclusions regarding such analysis. Then, we reviewed the current practice of reporting these methodological aspects of SA in clinical trials in four leading journals, i.e., the New England Journal of Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association, the Lancet, and the American Journal of Public Health. Eight... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Subgroup analyses; Randomized clinical trials; Research design; Epidemiological methods; Effect modification. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001001100011 |
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| Cardoso,V.C.; Simões,V.M.F.; Barbieri,M.A.; Silva,A.A.M.; Bettiol,H.; Alves,M.T.S.S.B.; Goldani,M.Z.. |
| We describe three birth cohort studies, respectively carried out in 1978/79 and 1994 in Ribeirão Preto, a city located in the most developed region of Brazil, and in 1997/98 in São Luís, a city located in a less developed region. The objective of the present report was to describe the methods used in these three studies, presenting their history, methodological design, objectives, developments, and difficulties faced along 28 years of research. The first Ribeirão Preto study, initially perinatal, later encompassed questions regarding the repercussions of intrauterine development on future growth and chronic adult diseases. The subjects were evaluated at birth (N = 6827), at school age (N = 2861), at the time of recruitment for military service (N = 2048),... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Cohort study; Epidemiological methods; Public health; Perinatal health; Sociodemographic conditions. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000900003 |
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| Wang, Zhiqiang. |
| Confounding is a major issue in observational epidemiological studies. This paper describes two postestimation commands for assessing confounding effects. One command (confall) displays and plots all possible effect estimates against one of p-value, Akaike information criterion, or Bayesian information criterion. This computing-intensive procedure allows researchers to inspect the variability of the effect estimates from various possible models. Another command (chest) uses a stepwise approach to identify variables that have substantially changed the effect estimate. Both commands can be used after most common estimation commands in epidemiological studies, such as logistic regression, conditional logistic regression, Poisson regression, linear regression,... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Confall; Confgr; Chest; Epidemiological methods; Confounding; All possible effects; Change in estimate; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119267 |
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