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| Prati,Ronaldo Cristiano; Monard,Maria Carolina; Carvalho,André C. P. L. F. de. |
| The aim of data mining is to find useful knowledge inout of databases. In order to extract such knowledge, several methods can be used, among them machine learning (ML) algorithms. In this work we focus on ML algorithms that express the extracted knowledge in a symbolic form, such as rules. This representation may allow us to ''explain'' the data. Rule learning algorithms are mainly designed to induce classification rules that can predict new cases with high accuracy. However, these sorts of rules generally express common sense knowledge, resulting in many interesting and useful rules not being discovered. Furthermore, the domain independent biases, especially those related to the language used to express the induced knowledge, could induce rules that are... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Data mining; Exceptions; HIV; Protease. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572004000400027 |
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| Read, Robert. |
| This article is concerned with the ongoing debate on process and production methods (PPMs) and the extent to which existing GATT 1994 articles and WTO agreements are able to deal with these issues. The article provides an overview of GATT articles III.4 on like products and XX on general exceptions as well as the SPS and TBT agreements. It then summarises four recent GATT/WTO trade dispute cases involving PPM issues: tuna-dolphin; shrimp-turtle; gasoline standards; and asbestos. The WTO panel and appellate body decisions in these cases are analysed with regard to articles III.4 and XX in the context of the evolution of WTO case law with respect to PPMs. Inferences are also drawn concerning the likely implications for a potential trade dispute over GM... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Asbestos; Environment; Exceptions; Gasoline; GM; Health; Like products; PPMs; Shrimp-turtle; Trade disputes; Tuna-dolphin; WTO; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23900 |
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