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| Registros recuperados: 298 | |
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| Hasse, Rolf H.. |
| Die Frage nach dem Stand und der Entwicklung des Handelsprotektionismus wird vielfach vereinfachend beantwortet: Danach haben die GATT-Runden einen kontinuierlichen Abbau bewirkt. Diese Aussage wird überprüft. Dabei wird von vier Thesen ausgegangen: (1) Protektionismus ist ein integraler Bestandteil der internationalen Arbeitsteilung. (2) Die internationale Arbeitsteilung hat stetig zugenommen, ebenso aber auch die Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen zugunsten der nationalen Wertschöpfung. (3) Die Analyse der GATT-Runden klammert wesentliche Protektionswirkungen der Währungspolitik aus. (4) Die Ausweitung der GATTPrinzipien auf den Dienstleistungshandel (GATS) sowie den Handel mit geistigem Eigentum (TRIPS) wird einen Zuwachs an (neuem) Protektionismus hervorrufen,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Economic Order; Commercial Policy; Trade Negotiations; International Relations/Trade; F02; F13. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26239 |
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| Halmai, Peter; Elekes, Andrea; Velikovszky, Laszlo. |
| Our paper focuses on the key element of the 2003 CAP reform: on the single farm payment (SFP). The basic aim was to decouple direct payment from production decisions. Because of the widespread agricultural policy reforms (support producers with the least possible distortions) and of the on-going WTO negotiations, this is an issue attracting significant attention on behalf of agricultural economists. Different tools and different methodologies have been employed in the effort to better understand and rank policy measures in terms of their production and trade effects. Most of the literature classifies measures based on implementation criteria. Our paper assesses the decoupled nature of the single farm payment (SFP) based on WTO and OECD criteria. The EU... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: CAP reform; WTO; Decoupling; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q17; Q18; F13; F15. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25339 |
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| Elobeid, Amani E.; Tokgoz, Simla. |
| We analyze the impact of trade liberalization and removal of the federal tax credit in the United States on U.S. and Brazilian ethanol markets using a multi-market international ethanol model calibrated on 2005 market data and policies. The removal of trade distortions induces a 23.9 percent increase in the price of world ethanol on average between 2006 and 2015 relative to the baseline. The U.S. domestic ethanol price decreases by 13.6 percent, which results in a 7.2 percent decline in production and a 3.8 percent increase in consumption. The lower domestic price leads to a 3.7 percent rise in the share of fuel ethanol in gasoline consumption. U.S. net ethanol imports increase by 199 percent. Brazil responds to the higher world ethanol price by increasing... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Ethanol; Renewable fuels; Trade liberalization; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F13; F17; Q17; Q18; Q42. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9808 |
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| Wainio, John; Vanzetti, David. |
| Development objectives dictate that the Doha negotiations address tariff escalation. This could increase the production and export of processed goods in developing countries, expand investment and employment, and reduce dependence on primary product exports. Despite its importance, little progress has been made, notwithstanding that a final resolution to the negotiations will not be possible without bringing this issue to resolution. This paper quantifies tariff escalation within WTO members' tariff schedules and the degree to which a tiered formula could address this problem. Utilizing a detailed partial equilibrium global agricultural trade model we estimate the possible gains to developing countries from reducing tariff escalation. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Tariff escalation; Agriculture; Trade; Tariffs; WTO; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6034 |
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| Devadoss, Stephen. |
| I develop a two-country theoretical trade model to show that Canadian subsidies increase lumber supplies and exports to the United States, and the U.S. retaliatory tariff raises U.S. prices safeguards producers, but hurts consumers. These results underscore the short-sightedness of policy decisions in a bilateral trade dispute, as empirical results from the multiregional spatial equilibrium trade model highlight that both countries pursue myopic policies without taking into account the reactions of other exporters and importers. For instance, after the imposition of U.S. tariffs, other exporters grab the market share lost by Canada in the United States, while Canada augments its exports to other importers. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Canadian subsidy; Lumber market; U.S. tariff; WTO ruling; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43754 |
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| Parikh, Ashok. |
| The objectives of this paper are to study the impact of liberalisation on trade deficits and current accounts of developing countries. It is expected that trade liberalisation would promote economic growth from the supply side by leading to a more efficient use of resources, by encouraging competition, and by increasing the flow of ideas and knowledge across national boundaries. Trade liberalisation could lead to faster import growth than export growth and hence the supply side benefits may be offset by the unsustainable balance of payments position. This study uses panel data of 42 countries (both time-series and cross-section dimension) to estimate the effect of trade liberalisation and growth on trade balance while controlling for other factors such as... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Panel data; Income Terms of Trade; Dynamic Optimisation; Dynamic panel model; International Relations/Trade; C21; C22; C23; F13; F14; F32. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26212 |
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| Olper, Alessandro; Raimondi, Valentina. |
| This paper uses a gravity-like structure derived from a monopolistic competition model to measure market access among Canada, USA, Japan and EU Quad countries over the 1996-2001 period. We explore the overall asymmetry and 18 food industrial-level asymmetries of bilateral trade openness. Using actual bilateral estimates of tariffs and nontariff barriers, we investigate their role in explaining the trade reduction effect of national borders. A representative estimate of market access shows that higher asymmetries exist in USA, Canada and EU trade with Japan. Quite surprisingly, the last country is always more open than the reverse. Finally, we found that tariffs and NTBs explain a significant part of the border effects and that the NTB role is often... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Market access; Food trade; Asymmetry; Gravity; QUAD countries; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24596 |
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| Basu, Arnab K.; Hicks, Robert L.. |
| In this paper we investigate how label information detailing the performance of the Fair Trade labeling program with respect to coffee affect consumers’ willingness to pay in the United States and in Germany. We provide respondents (University students in the U.S and Germany) information regarding hypothetical benefits of the Fair Trade Coffee program on its intended beneficiaries on the production side (the revenue gains to participating marginal farmers (scope of the program)), and using stated preference conjoint methods test how this performance criterion relates to the willingness to pay for Fair Trade Coffee. Our empirical results identify a “threshold'' property of performance-based labels. In effect, the willingness-to-pay for performance-based... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Fair Trade; Labeling program; Consumer; Consumer/Household Economics; International Relations/Trade; F13; E21. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44336 |
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| Registros recuperados: 298 | |
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