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| Nabradi, Andras; Popp, Jozsef. |
| Asynchronous approval of new GM crops across international jurisdictions is of growing concern due to its potential impact on global trade. Different countries have different authorisation procedures and, even if regulatory dossiers are submitted at the same time, approval is not given simultaneously (in some cases, delays can even amount to years). For instance, by mid-2009 over 40 transgenic events were approved or close to approval elsewhere but not yet approved – or not even submitted – in the EU. Yet, like some other jurisdictions, the EU also operates a zero-tolerance policy to even the smallest traces of nationally unapproved GM crops (so-called low-level presence). The resultant rejection of agricultural imports has already caused high economic... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop cultivation; GM; Supply chain of commodity crops; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104659 |
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| Dillen, Koen; Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| Since most of the recent agricultural biotechnology innovations have been developed by private companies, the central focus of societal interest is on the distribution of the gains from these technologies among all stakeholders. In a partial equilibrium model, assuming perfect corporate pricing strategies given the heterogeneous population of potential adopters, we model the worldwide introduction of GM sugar beet. The introduction is modelled under both the old and new CMO for sugar in the EU. We see GM sugar beet could bring great benefits to both consumers in the world and sugar beet producers even when the innovation is protected by intellectual property rights and the innovator uses his restricted monopoly to the full extend. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: GM; Sugar beet; Partial equilibrium; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43944 |
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| Novotorova, Nadezhda K.; Mazzocco, Michael A.. |
| Using conjoint analysis methodology, this study used an online survey to measure consumers’ preferences for the apple attributes as place of production, method of production, and price. The results of the conjoint analysis indicate that consumers are willing to make trade offs between the studied attributes. Segment analysis indicates Place-oriented consumers may be willing to pay 60% to 70% premiums for locally grown apples. The high consumer preferences for locally grown products combined with environmental benefits transferred through genetic modification provide an opportunity for producers to capture and build their markets, especially within certain market segments. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Conjoint analysis; Consumer preferences; GM; Locally grown; Consumer/Household Economics; Q10; Q13. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53738 |
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| Read, Robert. |
| This article is concerned with the ongoing debate on process and production methods (PPMs) and the extent to which existing GATT 1994 articles and WTO agreements are able to deal with these issues. The article provides an overview of GATT articles III.4 on like products and XX on general exceptions as well as the SPS and TBT agreements. It then summarises four recent GATT/WTO trade dispute cases involving PPM issues: tuna-dolphin; shrimp-turtle; gasoline standards; and asbestos. The WTO panel and appellate body decisions in these cases are analysed with regard to articles III.4 and XX in the context of the evolution of WTO case law with respect to PPMs. Inferences are also drawn concerning the likely implications for a potential trade dispute over GM... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Asbestos; Environment; Exceptions; Gasoline; GM; Health; Like products; PPMs; Shrimp-turtle; Trade disputes; Tuna-dolphin; WTO; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23900 |
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