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| Registros recuperados: 18 | |
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| McClanahan, Tim; Wildlife Conservation Society; crcp@africaonline.co.ke; Polunin, Nicholas; Newcastle University; n.polunin@ncl.ac.uk; Done, Terry; Australian Institute of Marine Science; t.done@aims.gov.au. |
| We review the evidence for multiple ecological states and the factors that create ecological resilience in coral reef ecosystems. There are natural differences among benthic communities along gradients of water temperature, light, nutrients, and organic matter associated with upwelling-downwelling and onshore-offshore systems. Along gradients from oligotrophy to eutrophy, plant-animal symbioses tend to decrease, and the abundance of algae and heterotrophic suspension feeders and the ratio of organic to inorganic carbon production tend to increase. Human influences such as fishing, increased organic matter and nutrients, sediments, warm water, and transportation of xenobiotics and diseases are common causes of a large number of recently reported ecological... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Carbon production; Coral reefs; Diseases; Ecological stress; Fishing; Global climate change; Keystone species; Oligotrophy-eutrophy; Resilience; Trophic ecology. |
| Ano: 2002 |
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| Ingels, Jeroen; Vanreusel, Ann; Brandt, Angelika; Catarino, Ana I.; David, Bruno; De Ridder, Chantal; Dubois, Philippe; Gooday, Andrew J.; Martin, Patrick; Pasotti, Francesca; Robert, Henri. |
| Because of the unique conditions that exist around the Antarctic continent, Southern Ocean (SO) ecosystems are very susceptible to the growing impact of global climate change and other anthropogenic influences. Consequently, there is an urgent need to understand how SO marine life will cope with expected future changes in the environment. Studies of Antarctic organisms have shown that individual species and higher taxa display different degrees of sensitivity to environmental shifts, making it difficult to predict overall community or ecosystem responses. This emphasizes the need for an improved understanding of the Antarctic benthic ecosystem response to global climate change using a multitaxon approach with consideration of different levels of biological... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Amphipoda; Echinoidea; Foraminifera; Global climate change; Isopoda; Nematoda; Southern Ocean; Zoobenthos. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00296/40762/39758.pdf |
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| Hoegh-guldberg, Ove; Pendleton, Linwood; Kaup, Anne. |
| Coral reefs are biodiverse and productive ecosystems but are threatened by local and global stresses. The resulting loss of coral reefs is threatening coastal food and livelihoods. Climate projections suggest that coral reefs will continue to undergo major changes even if the goals of the Paris Agreement (Dec 2015) are successfully implemented. Ecological changes include modified food webs, shifts in community structure, reduced habitat complexity, decreased fecundity and recruitment, changes to fisheries productivity/opportunity, and a shift in the carbonate budget of some ecosystems toward dissolution and erosion of calcium carbonate stocks. Broad estimates of the long-term (present value) of services provided by the ocean’s ecological assets exist and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Coral reefs; Global climate change; 'the dumb farmer'; Adaptability; Human interactions. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00500/61196/64739.pdf |
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| Sun, Yun-peng. |
| Based on the climatic data and other statistics of climatic data of 54 meteorological stations from 1956 to 2005 in Liangning Province, the annual and seasonal light, heat and water and the like major elements of climatic resources are diagnosed and analyzed by using the method of linear climate trend rate. The results show that warming trend is 0.25℃/10a , the precipitation decrease gradually by 2.2mm/a and the decreasing trend of solar radiation and hours of sunshine is not dramatic. The overall climate change trend is warming and drying trend, featuring “significantly increased temperature, the decreased precipitation and sunshine”. These features are significant in autumn, thus leading to the trend of moving west and retreating east of the... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Global climate change; Land use; Scenario analysis; Ecological security assessment; China; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93668 |
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| Stavins, Robert N.. |
| There continues to be great debate about the desirability of taking actions to limit carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gas emissions, but it is important to consider policy instruments that can be employed to meet targets that may eventually be forthcoming. The theoretical advantages of market-based instruments, such as carbon taxes and systems of tradable carbon rights, are striking. In the U.S. domestic context, grandfathered tradable permits will probably be the preferred approach (if any) in the short run, although revenueneutral carbon taxes will hold greater promise in the long run. In the international context, a system of international tradable permits could provide important advantages over alternative approaches, but it is difficult to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Global climate change; Policy instruments; Political and institutional barriers; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28; Q4. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10757 |
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| Stavins, Robert N.. |
| The Kyoto Protocol (1997) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) may come into force without U.S. participation, but its effects on climate change will be trivial. At the same time, the economic and scientific consensus points to the need for a credible international approach. A reasonable starting point is the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC), which was signed by 161 nations and ratified by 50, including the United States, and entered into force in 1994. In this paper, I remain agnostic on the question of the Kyoto Protocol's viability. Some analysts see the agreement as deeply flawed, while others see it as an acceptable or even excellent first step. But virtually everyone agrees that the Protocol is not... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Global climate change; Global warming; Policy architecture; Kyoto Protocol; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q58; Q48; Q39. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10720 |
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| Ghini,Raquel; Hamada,Emília; Bettiol,Wagner. |
| Human activities are altering greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere and causing global climate change. In the near future, there will certainly be changes in the Brazilian phytosanitary scenario attributed to global climate change. The impacts of climate change can be positive, negative or neutral, since these changes can decrease, increase or have no impact on diseases, depending on each region or period. These impacts will also be observed on plants and other organisms as well as on other agroecosystem components. However, these impacts are not easily determined, and consequently, specialists from several areas must go beyond their disciplinary boundaries and placing the climate change impacts in a broader context. This review focuses on the... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: CO2; Global climate change; Global warming; Spatial analysis; Control. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162008000700015 |
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| Ribeiro,Raquel Menestrino; Tessarolo,Geizianne; Soares,Thannya Nascimento; Teixeira,Itamar Rosa; Nabout,João Carlos. |
| ABSTRACT We experimentally evaluated how different temperatures affect germination of individual seedlings of Dipteryx alata, and estimated the impact of climate change on the species using ecological niche modeling. A total of 240 seeds were randomly distributed among three different temperature treatments (32 ºC, 36 ºC, and 40 ºC), and monitored for 35 days. We measured seven seed traits and estimated the ecological niche of D. alata using a consensus of four methods. The treatment with the highest temperature produced smaller and lighter seedlings. The consensus of ecological niche modeling indicated that are expected to reduce the areas with climates favorable for D. alata in future scenarios. Thus, our two results (experiment and ecological niche... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Climatic scenarios; Germination; Global climate change; Ecological niche model; Temperature. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062019000300446 |
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| Melo, Nayara Magry Jesus; Rosa, Rayete Sary-Eldin Gil; Pereira, Eduardo Gusmão; Souza, João Paulo. |
| Enterolobium contortisiliquum is a neotropical widespread species that occurs in native Atlantic Forest, Cerrado and Caatinga vegetation in Brazil. Outside Brazil, it occurs in Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Uruguay. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of high carbon dioxide concentration [CO2] on leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, growth, and biomass allocation among roots, stems, and leaves in young plants of E. contortisiliquum. After germination, twenty days old individuals of E. contortisiliquum were grown in open-top chambers (OTC) at two different [CO2] (400 ppm and 700 ppm). Physiological measurements were made when the plants had been grown in OTC for 170, 200, 230, and 260 days. The... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Botânica biomass partitioning; Chlorophyll a; Global climate change; Maximum net photosynthesis; Total leaf area.. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/39555 |
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| SANTOS,DANIEL M.C.; ESTRADA,GUSTAVO C.D.; FERNANDEZ,VIVIANE; ESTEVAM,MARCIEL R.M.; SOUZA,BRUNNA T. DE; SOARES,MÁRIO L.G.. |
| ABSTRACT Studies on belowground roots biomass have increasingly reported the importance of the contribution of this compartment in carbon stock maintenance in mangrove forests. To date, there are no estimates of this contribution in Brazilian mangrove forests, although the country has the second largest area of mangroves worldwide. For this study, trenches dug in fringing forests in Guaratiba State Biological Reserve (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) were used to evaluate the contribution of the different classes of roots and the vertical stratification of carbon stock. The total carbon stock average in belowground roots biomass in these forests was 104.41 ± 20.73 tC.ha−1. From that, an average of 84.13 ± 21.34 tC.ha−1 corresponded to the carbon stock only in fine... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Global climate change; Guaratiba State Biological Reserve; Roots; Sepetiba bay; Trench method. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000401579 |
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| Registros recuperados: 18 | |
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