SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Both China and Australia have participated in the process of growing economic globalisation in recent decades. This paper compares trends in the openness of China’s and Australia’s economy in terms of international trade and foreign direct investment, and then examines global trends in international tourism. This dimension of growing globalisation indicates an accelerating trend in the second half of the 20th century. The article shows how China was able to take advantage of this trend as a consequence of its economic reforms and opening up to the outside world. A mini-case study of the expansion of China’s tourism industry and its evolving policy framework is provided. Australia also has obtained significant growth in its tourism industry in recent...

Globalisation, Development and Poverty in the Pacific Islands: The Situation of the Least Developed Pacific Island Nations

Palavras-chave: Globalisation; China; Australia; International trade; Foreign direct investment; International tourism; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90535

Under pressure from external forces, involvement of Pacific Island nations in processes of globalisation and associated structural adjustment policies is being accelerated. Conditional aid and financial assistance from Bretton Woods' institutions and their 'relatives' such as the Asian Development Bank, as well as advice from donor countries, have played a significant role in these processes. these processes combined with reduced foreign aid and internal socioeconomic dynamics have resulted in major social conflicts and tensions in the Pacific Islands. Poverty in some Pacific Island nations, such as in the Solomon Islands, is already more serious than in Asia, including Bangladesh, and the situation is deteriorating with proportionall school enrolments...

Globalisation, Institutions and Empowerment of Women in Africa: Kenya's Experience

Palavras-chave: Pacific Island nations; Globalisation; Human Poverty Index (HPI); Human Development Index (HDI); Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100208

Kiriti, Tabitha; Tisdell, Clement A.; Roy, Kartik C..

In male dominated societies like Kenya, men's superior status leading to power over women and control of valued resources, is supported by laws and policies that spell out and legitimise men's privileged and dominant status and is justified by religious, traditional, moral, and/or pseudo-scientific ideologies and beliefs. Such mechanisms and beliefs help to perpetuate gender inequality even in the face of structural changes that ought to diminish, if not completely undermine the strength of its operation. Institutionalised gender inequality limits women's participation in institutions and this reinforces their lack of empowerment. Women are unable to take advantage of the opening up of new markets and competition because they lack property rights;...

A globalizáció és a konszolidációs számvitel alkalmazása a magyar élelmiszer-gazdaságban

Palavras-chave: Gender inequality; Kenya; Empowerment of women; Globalisation; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100209

Business Partnerships in a Globalising World: Economic Considerations

Simon, Szilvia.

Aglobális pénzügyi és gazdasági válság kialakulása, a válság világméretű elterjedése számos okra vezethető vissza. Ezek között az okok között elsőként a globalizációt lehet kiemelni. Aglobalizáció folyamatában megfigyelhető a tőke, a szellemi erőforrások, az anyagi javak világméretű koncentrációja. Aglobalizáció egyik kísérőjelenségeként megfigyelhető az a tendencia, hogy a jogilag önálló agrár-, élel¬miszer-ipari és élelmiszer-kereskedelmi vállalkozások egymással érdekeltségi, részesedési viszonyba kerülnek, amelynek hatásaként a vállalkozások között a piaci viszonyok korlátozottá válnak. Így az egyedi éves beszámolók alapján a társaságok vagyoni, pénzügyi és jövedelmi helyzetének bemutatása nem biztosítható. Az információhiány megszüntethető, ha a...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Globalizáció; Élelmiszer-gazdaság; Konszern; Konszolidációs számvitel; Elemzés; Globalisation; Food economy; Holding; Consolidated accounting; Analysis; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92476

Begins by considering how neoclassical and mainstream economists have modelled the business firm and outlines briefly the evolution of economic thought and that of managerial science about institutional structures involving firms, hierarchies, markets and interfirm cooperation. Subsequently, taking into account this thought, it considers whether growing economic globalisation is likely to result in more frequent business cooperation between firms, what types of alliances may be favoured, and why. Both factors favouring increased business cooperation as globalisation proceeds, as well as those that may retard it, are discussed.

Market dynamics and policy reforms in the EU olive oil industry: An exploratory assessment

Palavras-chave: Evolution of economic thought; Globalisation; Business cooperation; Institutional structures; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90542

A fenntartható fejlődést szolgáló paradigma

Mili, Samir.

Available information indicates that the future competitive scenario for EU olive oil will be shaped by the market dynamics and business strategies, and the ongoing agricultural and trade policy reforms (CAP reform, WTO Doha Round negotiations, regional and bilateral trade agreements). Based on this premise, the purpose of this contribution is to present an overall evaluation of the market change and policy reform processes affecting the EU olive oil sector, pointing out the main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) that can be associated to their present and expected evolution. The analysis is performed with a systemic approach to market and policy changes, under the general hypothesis that these are governed by a series of economic and...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Globalisation; Market dynamics; Business strategies; Agricultural and trade policy reform; EU olive oil; SWOT analysis; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10099

Globalisation, WTO and Sustainable Development

Meszaros, Sandor.

Az uralkodó neoklasszikus paradigma alapján a 20. század második felében a gazdasági növekedés a várható klímaváltozás, a Föld természeti erőforrásai és a társadalmi egyenlőtlenségek figyelembevétele nélkül ment végbe. Erre a helyzetre szolgált válaszul a fenntarthatóság koncepciója, amely az utóbbi két évtizedben globális mozgalommá vált, és nemzeti alkalmazkodási stratégiák kidolgozásához vezetett. A gazdaság működésére azonban igazán új paradigma mégsem született, bár a köz¬gazdaságtan a komplexitás irányába látszik fejlődni. Az új (transzdiszciplináris) paradigma eddigi hiánya ellenére a szükséges változások irányai már felismerhetők: a fosszilis energiaforrások mielőbbi helyettesítése és az erdőgazdaság kiemelt kezelése (Low Carbon Economy), valamint...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Gazdasági paradigmák; Fenntarthatóság; Klímaváltozás; Globalizáció; Modellezés; Economic paradigms; Sustainability; Climate change; Globalisation; Modelling; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99116

This overview is divided into two main sections. The first sections reviews the literature on the impact of economic globalisation (involving of liberalisation of international trade and investment) on the state of the environment and sustainable development. While the WTO and Bretton Woods institutions believe that this impact can be expected to be favourable, divergent rational views can be found in the economics literature. A review of the relevant literature reveals that the situation is far from being black-and-white – there are grounds for rational doubt not withstanding the use of Environmental Kuznet’s curves, which on the surface seem to provide grounds for optimism. The second main section dealt with the attitude and policies pursued by GATT-WTO...

Can Globalisation Result in Less Efficient and More Vulnerable Industries?

Palavras-chave: WTO; Sustainable Development; Globalisation; Trade investment; Resource and environmental conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48009

Growing economic globalisation (a means of market extension) may increase the economic vulnerability of firms in modern industries, especially those in which firms experience substantial economies of scale. The possibility is explored that globalisation activates competitive pressures that forces firms into a situation where their leverage (fixed costs relative to variable costs, or overhead cost relative to operating costs or capital intensity) rises substantially. Consequently, they become increasingly vulnerable to a sudden adverse change in economic conditions, such as a collapse in the demand for their industry’s product. This is explored for monopolistically competitive markets and also for oligopolistic markets of the type considered and modelled...

Environmental Governance, Globalisation and Economic Performance

Palavras-chave: Globalisation; Vulnerability of industries; Oligopolistic markets; Monopolistic markets; Financial Economics; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90536

Increasing globalisation of economic activity and accompanying economic growth have been factors in the worldwide loss of natural environments and biodiversity loss, and these losses have accelerated since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, Emissions of many types of pollutants and wastes from human activity are rising globally and are exceeding the capacity of natural environments to absorb and neutralize them. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the quality and size of some natural sinks for neutralizing them (such as forests) are declining. Consequently, these wastes are accumulating in many environments and pose a growing threat to human welfare and to sustainable economic development. There are, for instance, global concerns about...

Diversity, Globalisation and Market Stability

Palavras-chave: Environmental economics; Environmental governance; Environmental law; Environmental regulation; Globalisation; Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Transboundary pollution; Transboundary natural resources.; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55341

Lasselle, Laurence; Svizzero, Serge; Tisdell, Clement A..

Trust and its Implications for Economic Activity, Welfare and Globalisation

Palavras-chave: Diversity; Globalisation; Heterogeneity of Behaviour; Instability; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90501

According to The Macquarie Dictionary, the word ‘trust’ has more than 20 interpretations in English. Therefore, it is important to specify the way in which the word is being used in any discourses about managerial and economic issues. In what respect and to what extent are economic agents to be trusted in their dealings with others. When economic agents are untrustworthy, this adds to economic transaction costs, reduces the level of economic activity and the achievable level of economic welfare as well as potential gains from growing globalisation. Several adverse economic consequences of lack of business trust are explored along with their consequences for the process of globalisation. Business co-operation and alliances can be important for gaining...

Evolution of urban chicken consumption in Southern countries: a comparison between Haiti and Cameroon

Palavras-chave: Trust; Globalisation; Global transactions; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90617

Laroche Dupraz, Catherine; Awono, Cyprien.

Since the beginning of 2000s, in order to let poor people accede to meat consumption, several developing countries have opened their domestic chicken market to foreign imports, by reducing import tariffs. Thus local chicken meat competes with frozen pieces of chicken imported from the European Union or America, causing the loss of many jobs in the local chicken food chain. In order to highlight the determinants of urban consumer’s choice relative to chicken types, and assess the opportunity for local chicken to restore its market share, investigations have been done in 2005 and 2006, in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and at Port-au-Prince (Haiti) applied to 180 urban households in each country. While imported frozen pieces of chicken have almost entirely substituted...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Chicken; Urban consumption; Developing countries; Globalisation; Cameroon; Haiti.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43938

The importance of obtaining a more balanced relationship between the long and short food chain in the worldwide market for farm and food produce. A contribution to the debate on the capabilities of the short chain.

Sustainability: Can it be Achieved? Is Economics the Bottom Line?

Sini, Maria Paola.

This paper is intended as an approach to the complex matter of the co-existence of long and short chains. It introduces a stimulus to further study these questions more thoroughly, which current market situations lead us to believe will be an interesting field, and one well worthy of consideration. The potentials and limits of short chain efficiency are analyzed in different contexts, in order to help identify its correct collocation in the search for the best combination of the different ways by which products can be released on the markets, with specific reference to the coexistence of the short and long chain. On this regard, a brief examination is also made of the effects of growing wholesaler power and the possibilities of a relevant control. Amongst...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Market; Short chain; Globalisation; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95342

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Australia's Economic Policies in an Era of Globalisation

Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Globalisation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90512

Outlines changes in Australian economic policies that have occurred in recent decades in response to growing economic globalisation. It considers microeconomic reforms in Australia and changes to its industry policy (including important changes in national competition policy) its financial reforms (exchange rate and banking reforms), its liberalisation of international trade and of foreign investment, both inward and outward. Furthermore, particular consideration is given to Australia’s policies and its lobbying in relation to The World Trade Organisation (WTO), economic regionalism, and bilateralism. These policies provide further insights into the way that Australia has responded to growing economic globalisation.

Unequal Gains of Nations from Economic Globalisation

Palavras-chave: Globalisation; Industry policy; Financial reforms; International trade; Foreign investment; Financial Economics; International Development; Political Economy.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90534

Tisdell, Clement A.; Svizzero, Serge; Laselle, Laurence.

Economic Challenges Faced by Small Island Economies: An Overview

Palavras-chave: Globalisation; Labour markets; Income inequality; Inequality of nations; Labour mobility; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90516

As pointed out in this article, small island economies are diverse in their nature and in the challenges they face. A taxonomy of these economies is provided. The overview takes account of small island economies that are satellites of large countries as well as those which are independent nation states. Nevertheless, the emphasis here is on small island economies that are remote from central economies or disadvantaged in other ways. These include many island nations in the Pacific and elsewhere. Such economies suffer from diseconomies of scale in economic activity, are prone to imperfect market competition, and experience high transport and trading costs for a variety of reasons which are outlined. The gravitational pull of stronger central economies and...

China's Economic Performance and Transition in Relation to Globalisation: From Isolation to Centre-Stage?

Palavras-chave: Small island economies; Globalisation; Pacific; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90627

This paper considers China’s global economic situation in relation to the general process of globalisation. After discussing the general process of economic globalisation, it examines political change and transition of the former communist planned economies, especially China’s, and their impact on globalisation. Then it provides measures of the recent expansion of economic globalisation and China’s involvement in this process. Positive and negative socioeconomic impacts of globalisation are highlighted. China’s progress in catching up with more developed economies and the dynamics of its economic growth and future prospects for this growth are examined in a global context. The question is posed of whether globalisation is likely to result in...