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Registros recuperados: 27
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Evolution of seed dispersal in the Cerrado biome: ecological and phylogenetic considerations Acta Botanica
Kuhlmann,Marcelo; Ribeiro,José Felipe.
ABSTRACT The investigation of the phylogeny of a group of organisms has the potential to identify ecological and evolutionary processes that have been occurring within a community. Seed dispersal is a key process in the life cycle of vegetation and reflects different reproductive strategies of plants to a set of ecological and evolutionary factors. Knowing the dispersal syndromes and fruits types of a plant community may help elucidate plant-animal interactions and colonization strategies of plants. We investigated dispersal syndromes and fruit types in Cerrado formations as a parameter for understanding the evolution of angiosperm reproductive strategies in this mega-diverse tropical biome. To do this we identified and mapped the distribution of different...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dispersal strategies; Forest; Fruit types; Grassland; Life forms; Phylogeny; Savanna.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062016000200271
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Fruits and frugivores of the Brazilian Cerrado: ecological and phylogenetic considerations Acta Botanica
Kuhlmann,Marcelo; Ribeiro,José Felipe.
ABSTRACT Knowing the morphological and phylogenetic patterns of fruits of a plant community may elucidate plant-frugivore interactions, and analysis of dispersal syndromes is a practical approach to understanding these mutualisms. We investigated different zoochorous fruits and frugivorous animals among Cerrado formations (forest, savanna and grassland), mapped dispersal syndromes on a Cerrado angiosperm phylogeny and tested for phylogenetic signal. For a core region in Cerrado, we found that, among almost a thousand fruit species and 258 fruit-eating vertebrates, 60% of the fruits had an ornithochorous syndrome and that 70% of the frugivores were birds. Most fruit and frugivorous species (~80%) inhabit forest formations, but many of them also occurred in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cerrado biome; Diaspores; Dispersal syndromes; Forest; Fruit-eating animals; Grassland; Plant-frugivore interactions; Phylogenetic signal; Savanna.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062016000300495
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Assessment of Influence and Inter-Relationships of Soil Properties in Tropical Grasslands of Central India CIGR Journal
goroshi, sheshakumar k.
The present experiment was carried out to assess influence and inter-relationships of soil properties in grasslands of three wildlife protected national parks in Central India. Aboveground biomass samples of grass and soil samples were collected during different seasons based on specified measurement protocol by the state forest department. Aboveground biomass of grass demonstrated a characteristic growth pattern throughout the year, increased and achieved maximum biomass during at the end of rainy season (September), while started decreasing and attained minimum biomass during pre-summer (March) season. Mean aboveground biomass in the study regions was varied from 2.03 (Bandhavgadh National Park) to 5.44 Mg ha-1 (Kanha National Park) with an average...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Grassland; Aboveground biomass; Soil moisture; Soil properties; Central India.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2535
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Pampean lizard assemblage from subtropical Brazil: a temporal analysis Anais da ABC (AABC)
Winck,Gisele R.; Santos,Tiago G. Dos; Cechin,Sonia Z..
The increasing human occupation of natural environments is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. To mitigate the negative anthropogenic effects, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of natural populations and the natural history of species. A study was conducted with an assemblage of lizards from a disturbed area of the Pampa biome, from February 2001 to January 2004. The assemblage showed a unimodal seasonal pattern, with the recruitment period occurring during the warmer months. The captures were seasonal for two of the three monitored years, and concentrated within warmer months. The minimum temperature explained the number of catches for the assemblage as a whole. However, when the species were analyzed individually, the temperature...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Grassland; Activities pattern; Seasonality; Reptiles; Unimodal pattern.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652011000400021
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Cytisus scoparius (Fam. Fabaceae) in southern Brazil - first step of an invasion process? Anais da ABC (AABC)
Cordero,Rodrigo León; Torchelsen,Fábio P.; Overbeck,Gerhard E.; Anand,Madhur.
The occurrence of Scotch broom Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link (Fabaceae), is reported for the first time in Brazil. The species has been registered in the species-rich Campos Sulinos grasslands, in the Campos de Cima da Serra, and in the Serra do Sudeste. Naturalizing populations were frequently formed in natural habitats near to human settlements, where prevailing land uses and disturbances facilitate dispersal and establishment. The plant is an invasive species that has globally caused significant damage to biodiversity and economic losses. In Brazil, the species has a strong potential for spreading into a wide range of ecosystems. The Atlantic Forest biome and part of the Pampa biome, together known as the Campos Sulinos, represent optimal areas for the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Alien species; Early detection; Ecology; Grassland; Scotch broom.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000100149
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Veredas and their use by birds in the Cerrado, South America: a review Biota Neotropica
Tubelis,Dárius Pukenis.
In the Cerrado, veredas are linear physiognomies that occur on hydromorphic soil usually along narrow water courses. They often growth on flat terrain or near headwaters. They are characterised by the abundance of buriti palms (Mauritia flexuosa) that growth over other trees, numerous shrubs and a dense herbaceous stratum. Despite being common landscape elements through the Cerrado's extension, the use of veredas by birds has not been examined in detail. This study aimed to review studies of birds and veredas in the Cerrado. Publications (n = 25) reported the use of veredas by 261 bird species. Only 13 of them had aspects of their biology (reproduction and feeding) studied in detail. Veredas are poorly used by Cerrado's endemic species, but are the major...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Grassland; Landscape; Mauritia; Savanna; Wetland.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032009000300031
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Feeding ecology of the maned wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815) (Mammalia: Canidae), in the Ecological Station of Itirapina, São Paulo state, Brazil Biota Neotropica
Bueno,Adriana de Arruda; Belentani,Sonia Cristina da Silva; Motta-Junior,José Carlos.
The feeding ecology of the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) was studied from 1998 to 2002 in the Ecological Station of Itirapina, São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil, including estimates of prey number and biomass consumption. A total of 325 faecal samples was collected in the area. The species is omnivorous, with a broad diet including 68 species or morphospecies of fruits and animals. Armadillos (Dasypodidae), wolf's fruit (Solanum lycocarpum) and small mammals (mostly Clyomys bishopi) were the bulk of the diet, comprising 72.8 % of the total estimated biomass consumed (185,323.4 g). In terms of frequency of occurrence, on the other hand, only small mammals and other miscella-neous fruits yielded 43.4 % of the total occurrences (N = 1,054). Animal...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Chrysocyon brachyurus; Maned wolf; Savannah; Grassland; Feeding ecology; Diet; Brazil.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032002000200007
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Preliminary dragonfly (Odonata) species list from the Pampa biome in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, with ecological notes for 19 new records for the State Biota Neotropica
Renner,Samuel; Périco,Eduardo; Ely,Gerson Júnior; Sahlén,Göran.
Abstract An inventory of Odonata was carried out in the southern half of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the Pampa biome. Originally, this biogeographical region was covered mostly by open fields and grassland, with sections of higher vegetation surrounding water bodies and rocky hills. Today the landscape is fragmented due to agricultural activities, mainly cattle farming, rice crops and forest plantations. Our survey was conducted in three municipalities from this region, between March 2015 and April 2016. Aiming at a general overview of the species composition, our sampling sites were selected on a wide basis, including lakes, bogs, temporary water bodies, small streams and river sections. Eighty two species of Odonata were collected...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Anthropogenic threats; Ecology; Grassland; Neotropics; Southern fields.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032017000400305
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Misguided policy may jeopardize a diverse South brazilian environmental protection area Biota Neotropica
Alves,Gustavo Henrique Zaia; Santos,Regiane da Silva; Figueiredo,Bruno R. S.; Manetta,Gislaine Iachstel; Message,Hugo José; Pazianoto,Laryssa H. R.; Guimarães,Gilson Burigo; Benedito,Evanilde; Couto,Edivando Vitor do.
Abstract: The Devonian Escarpment (DEEPA), located in the south of Brazil, represents an important area of environmental preservation composed by grasslands, gallery forests, as well as rock outcrops and archaeological sites. A law project (LP 527/2016), which suggests a reduction of the DEEPA area in approximately 70% of its original area (from 393,579 to 125,895 ha), is currently being processed in the Paraná State House of Representatives. Such reduction seems to be related to economic interests (mainly agriculture and mining) in the state of Paraná. If approved, LP 527/2016 will allow farmers to deliberately expand their activities, with the suppression of natural forest as main consequence. Additionally, loss of faunal diversity, contamination of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Environmental law; Grassland; Devonian Escarpment; Biodiversity loss; Geodiversity.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032019000100401
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Effect of high temperature on germination of four legumes from a forest-grassland mosaic in Southern Brazil Biota Neotropica
Silveira,Fernanda Schmidt; Overbeck,Gerhard Ernst.
Passage of a fire can break dormancy of the seeds of many plant species in fire-prone ecosystems. This response to fire is especially well known for the Fabaceae family, but has been poorly studied in Southern Brazil. We collected seeds of four Fabaceae species present in grasslands-forest mosaics of Southern Brazil: Mimosa bimucronata, Desmodium barbatum, Sesbania virgata and Collaea stenophylla. Seeds were exposed to different heat treatments (exposure to 60° and 80 °C for 5 minutes, to 100 °C for 2 minutes, control without heat treatment); not all species were tested in all treatments. After the treatment, the seeds were kept in a germination chamber with a light period of 12/12 hours and temperature of 25 °C. Germinated seeds were counted every 2 days....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Campos Sulinos; Ecophysiology; Fabaceae; Fire; Grassland; Heat shock.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032013000200331
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Seasonality and host preference of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of five plant species in the inner Mongolia steppe, China BJM
Su,Yuan-Ying; Sun,Xin; Guo,Liang-Dong.
The seasonal change and host preference of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization and community composition of five common plant species Agropyron cristatum, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Cleistogenes squarrosa, Leymus chinensis, and Stipa grandis in the Inner Mongolia steppe were investigated. The AM root length colonization rates were different among the five plant species and were generally high in early (May and June) and late (September) growth seasons and low in August. A total of 18 AM fungal species representing five genera were isolated from rhizosphere soils of the five plant species, and most AM fungi had not host specificity, except that Acaulospora sp., Glomus constrictum, G. diaphanum and Glomus sp. showed a certain degree of host preference....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Seasonal dynamics; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Diversity; Grassland.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000100008
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Ecological Conservation, Cultural Preservation, and a Bridge between: the Journey of Shanshui Conservation Center in the Sanjiangyuan Region, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China Ecology and Society
Shen, Xiaoli; Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park; xlshen.pku@gmail.com; Tan, Jiaxin; Lund University Center for Sustainability Studies, Sweden; jiaxintam@hotmail.com.
The Sanjiangyuan region is located on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in western China and encompasses the headwaters of the Yangtze, Yellow and Mekong rivers. It is also home to 300,000 Tibetan pastoralists. The area is characterized by its significant ecological service, unique culture, and fragile ecosystems, and has undergone a rapid degradation over the past several decades. Traditional Tibetan culture offers alternative knowledge and perspectives that facilitate the environmental conservation throughout the region, but have yet to be recognized or adopted by the Chinese government. Beginning in 2007, the local environmental NGO, Shanshui Conservation Center, has initiated a journey to bridge Tibetan communities with the outside scientific community,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article Palavras-chave: Conservation concession; Grassland; Traditional ecological knowledge; Traditional Tibetan practices; Western China.
Ano: 2012
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Dynamics of Forage Production in Pasture-woodlands of the Swiss Jura Mountains under Projected Climate Change Scenarios Ecology and Society
Silvopastoral systems of the Swiss Jura Mountains serve as a traditional source of forage and timber in the subalpine vegetation belt, but their vulnerability to land use and climate change puts their future sustainability at stake. We coupled experimental and modeling approaches to assess the impact of climate change on the pasture-woodland landscape. We drew conclusions on the resistance potential of wooded pastures with different management intensities by sampling along a canopy cover gradient. This gradient spanned from unwooded pastures associated with intensive farming to densely wooded pastures associated with extensive farming. Transplanted mesocosms of these ecosystems placed at warmer and drier conditions provided experimental evidence that...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Aboveground biomass; Drought; Ecotone; Grassland; Pasture; Silvopastoral system; Subalpine; Transplantation; Woodland.
Ano: 2013
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Space use by wild Greater Rhea (Rhea americana) in a relict grassland of central Argentina during the non-breeding season Hornero
Juan,Ernesto E.; Bazzano,Gisela; Navarro,Joaquín L.; Martella,Mónica B..
To determine movement patterns and home range of wild Greater Rhea (Rhea americana), two subadult males were radio-tracked during the non-breeding season in a relict grassland of San Luis Province, Argentina. The average home range was 452.8 ha, the average daily distance travelled was 1.08 km/day, and the maximum distance from the capture/release site was 13.66 km. Rheas showed differences in habitat types used throughout the day. Grasslands were more frequently used early in the morning and late in the afternoon, whereas cultivated pastures (Medicago sativa) were used at noon. Although data is considered preliminary due to the small sample size, the importance of this study is here emphasized because it provides the first records of the spatial ecology...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Conservation; Grassland; Radio-telemetry; Rhea americana.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-34072013000100001
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Limpeza de campo na Serra do Sudeste, RS: efeito do corte e queima de plantas lenhosas, visando aumentar as áreas de pastoreio. Infoteca-e
GONÇALVES, J. O. N.; GIRARDI-DEIRO, A. M.; MOTA, A. F. da.
Sistema da produção da região; O problema e a pesquisa realizada; Resultados; Conclusões.
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Rio Grande do Sul; Grassland; Clearing; Campo; Limpeza; Pastejo; Grazing.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/227044
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CAPACIDADE de suporte das pastagens. Infoteca-e
Capacidade de suporte das pastagens; Oferta de forragem; Pressão de pastejo; Conceitos importantes; Baixa pressão de pastejo; Alta pressão de pastejo.
Tipo: Folders Palavras-chave: Grassland; Forragem; Pastagem; Forage.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/990426
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Nachweis von Acalyptris pyrenaica Lastuvka & Lastuvka 1993 in der Nordeifel - ein Neufund für Deutschland (Lep., Nepticulidae) Naturalis
Nieukerken, E.J. van; Biesenbaum, W..
Acalyptris pyrenaica Lastuvaka & Lastuvka,1 993 ist zum ersten Mal in Deutschland nachgewiesen worden. Vier männliche Tiere wurden durch den Zweitautor auf Kalkmagerrasen in der Nordeifel (Nordrhein-Westfalen) gekeschert, und zwar in vier verschiedenen Naturschutzgebieten der Sötenicher Kalkmulde. Die Art war bisher nur bekannt von der Typenlokalität in den Katalanischen Pyrenäen in Spanien. Da die Orginalbeschreibung in deutsch erfolgte, wird Acalyptris pyrenaica als Nachtrag zur Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, Vol. 23, hier nochmals in englischer Sprache beschrieben. Die Bestimmung dieser Art ist einfach: es ist die einzige europäische Nepticulidae, die ganz bleigrau bis schwarz ist. Auch die Genitalarmatur ist charakteristisch. Da die Art immer auf...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Acalyptris pyrenaica; Grassland; Limestone habitat; GERMANY-; North Eifel; First record for Germany & grassland habitat; Lepidopterans; 42.75.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/227744
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History of the landscape of Obihiro city before modern development OAK
橋本, 靖; 佐藤, 雅俊; 赤坂, 卓美.
 自然環境や生物多様性保全の必要性への認識の高まりから,近年,人為的な緑地造成が行われる機会が増えている。その際,対象地本来の自然景観を参考にすることは,より目的に叶った緑地の造成につながりやすいと考えられる。そこで,帯広市周辺の本来の自然景観を推測するために,明治期の開拓以前の状況を,様々な文献を参考にして考察した。有名な江戸後期の十勝日誌等の記述からは,この地域に広い草原地帯があったことがうかがわれ,また,開拓期の様々な記録からも広い草原の存在が示された。また,黒ボク土の分布との関係からは,本地域での広い草原の存在と,野火の発生の歴史が想定された。このように,開拓前の帯広市周辺は,一面が原生的な森林に被われていたわけでなく,その平野部の広大な河川敷は,主に草原に被われていたものと推測された。そのため,帯広市の平野部において緑地の再生を考える際,森林環境だけではなく,湿性の草原や疎林のような環境も,再生するべき緑地景観の候補として,考えに入れる必要があると考えられる。
Palavras-chave: 帯広市; 開拓; 河川敷; 黒ボク土; 湿地; 森林; 草原; 十勝川; 氾濫原; 野火; Andosols; Floodplain; Grassland; Marsh; Obihiro city; Tokachi River; Wildfire.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4558
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Ökologischer Landbau in Nordrhein-Westfalen: Empirische Analyse und Bestimmungsgründe der heterogenen räumlichen Verteilung AgEcon
Haas, Guido.
In North-Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), the most populated German state (18 million people), 2.6% of the agricultural area is farmed organically (as of 1.1.2002). Using data derived from the NRW statistical office, the statewide extension agencies and organic farmers’ organisations, the geographical distribution of the organic farms was investigated by correlating general conditions and the economic and natural environment. The organically farmed area varied widely - from 0.1 to 7.5% of total agricultural area - over the 34 administrative districts of NRW. The focus of this study is an analysis of the agricultural structure to understand the heterogeneous distribution of organic farms in NRW. In certain parts of NRW, highly specialised intensive farming creates a...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Organic agriculture; North-Rhine-Westphalia; Farm type; Livestock production; Crop production; Grassland; Income; Rent; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97207
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Crop Insurance, Disaster Payments and Land Use Change: The Effect of Sodsaver on Incentives for Grassland Conversion AgEcon
Claassen, Roger; Cooper, Joseph C.; Carriazo, Fernando.
Subsidized crop insurance may encourage conversion of native grassland to cropland. The Sodsaver provision of the 2008 farm bill could deny crop insurance on converted land in the Prairie Pothole states for 5 years. Supplemental Revenue Assistance payments, which are linked to crop insurance purchases, could also be withheld. Using representative farms, we estimate that Sodsaver would reduce expected crop revenue by up to 8% and expected net return by up to 20%, while increasing the standard deviation of revenue by as much as 6% of market revenue. Analysis based on elasticities from the literature suggests that Sodsaver would reduce grassland conversion by 9% or less.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Bootstrap; Crop insurance; Grassland; Joint densities; Sodsaver; Supplemental Revenue Assistance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q2.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104623
Registros recuperados: 27
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