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	Provedor de dados AgEcon (1) Autor Kaiser, Kai (1) Schulze, Gunther G. (1) Palavra-chave Competitiveness (1) Environmental Economics and Policy (1) Environmental regulation (1) Export performance (1) F1 (1) Green consumerism (1) Indonesia (1) Multinational enterprises (1) Q1 (1) Mais... Tipo do documento Working or Discussion Paper (1) Ano 2003 (1) País United States (1) Idioma Inglês (1)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 1 Primeira ... 1 ... Última International Competition and Environmental Expenditures: Empirical Evidence from Indonesian Manufacturing Plants AgEcon Kaiser, Kai; Schulze, Gunther G.. This paper analyzes environmental expenditures in Indonesia - a significant newly industrializing economy - reported at the plant level comprising all 23 thousand manufacturing establishments with more than 20 employees. Since compliance is barely enforced, pollution abatement expenditures are effectively voluntary in nature. This allows us to test whether foreign owned firms expend more due to a technology that adheres to stricter Western standards or whether the predominant effect is that both foreign and domestic exporting companies are more environmentally conscious due to better technology transfer or green consumerism in the Western countries. If so, this would contradict conventional wisdom that environmental expenditures reduce competitiveness and... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental regulation; Competitiveness; Multinational enterprises; Green consumerism; Export performance; Indonesia; Environmental Economics and Policy; F1; Q1. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26255 Registros recuperados: 1 Primeira ... 1 ... Última

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