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| Nero,Luís Augusto; Mattos,Marcos Rodrigues de; Beloti,Vanerli; Barros,Marcia A.F.; Netto,Daisy Pontes; Pinto,José Paes A.N.; Andrade,Nélio José de; Silva,Wladimir P.; Franco,Bernadette D.G.M.. |
| Fluctuations in the Brazilian milk market force small milk producers to find temporary trade alternatives, which include selling raw milk to people who prefer this type of milk rather than heat-processed milk. Considering the importance of these small milk producers to the market and the well-known health risks associated to consumption of raw milk, this study evaluated the microbiological quality and the presence of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., chlorine, antimicrobials and insecticides (organophosphates and carbamates) in raw milk produced in 210 small and medium farms located in four important milk-producing Brazilian states (Paraná, São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul). In 66% of the selected farms the milking was manual. In 33% of... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Hazards; Raw milk; Salmonella; Listeria monocytogenes; Hygiene indicators; Insecticides; Antimicrobials. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822004000200007 |
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| Miller, Fiona; Department of Resource Management and Geography, University of Melbourne; millerf@unimelb.edu.au; Osbahr, Henny; School of Agriculture, Policy and Development and the Walker Institute for Climate Systems Research, University of Reading; h.osbahr@reading.ac.uk; Boyd, Emily; Sustainability Research Institute, University of Leeds; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; e.boyd@leeds.ac.uk; Bharwani, Sukaina; Stockholm Environment Institute (Oxford); sukaina.bharwani@sei.se; Ziervogel, Gina; Stockholm Environment Institute (Oxford); Climate Systems Analysis Group (CSAG), University of Cape Town; gina@egs.uct.ac.za; Walker, Brian; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Australia; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; van der Leeuw, Sander; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University; vanderle@asu.edu; Hinkel, Jochen ; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; hinkel@pik-potsdam.de; Downing, Tom; Stockholm Environment Institute (Oxford); tomdowning.sei@gmail.com; Folke, Carl; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; The Beijer Institute, Stockholm University; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Nelson, Donald; Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia; Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia; dnelson@uga.edu. |
| Resilience and vulnerability represent two related yet different approaches to understanding the response of systems and actors to change; to shocks and surprises, as well as slow creeping changes. Their respective origins in ecological and social theory largely explain the continuing differences in approach to social-ecological dimensions of change. However, there are many areas of strong convergence. This paper explores the emerging linkages and complementarities between the concepts of resilience and vulnerability to identify areas of synergy. We do this with regard to theory, methodology, and application. The paper seeks to go beyond just recognizing the complementarities between the two approaches to demonstrate how researchers are actively engaging... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Hazards; Interdisciplinarity; Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Vulnerability. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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