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Comparison of methods to quantify soil microbial biomass carbon Agronomy
Moura, Rafael Thomaz de Aquino; Carrido, Marlon da Silva; Sousa, Carla da Silva; Menezes, Rômulo Simões Cezar; Sampaio, Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto.
 Soil microorganism biomass is an important soil quality indicator. The microbial biomass of soil was determined by killing and lysing the soil microbes by fumigation with chloroform, irradiation with gamma rays, or irradiation with microwaves. Four soils with increasing carbon concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 30 g kg-1) were analyzed using four methods: the direct application of chloroform, chloroform fumigation, microwave irradiation, and gamma ray irradiation with radiation doses of 15, 25, 35, 45, and 60 KGy. The fungi and bacteria in the soil were quantified by plate counting. Microwave irradiation and gamma irradiation with doses equal to or above 25 KGy killed all the soil microorganisms, but the chloroform methods did not. The carbon liberation...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Agronomia ciência do solo microwave; Gamma irradiation; Fumigation; Incubation; Microbial carbon. biomassa microbiana do solo.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/39451
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Comparison of methods to quantify soil microbial biomass carbon Agronomy
Moura, Rafael Thomaz de Aquino; Carrido, Marlon da Silva; Sousa, Carla da Silva; Menezes, Rômulo Simões Cezar; Sampaio, Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto.
 Soil microorganism biomass is an important soil quality indicator. The microbial biomass of soil was determined by killing and lysing the soil microbes by fumigation with chloroform, irradiation with gamma rays, or irradiation with microwaves. Four soils with increasing carbon concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 30 g kg-1) were analyzed using four methods: the direct application of chloroform, chloroform fumigation, microwave irradiation, and gamma ray irradiation with radiation doses of 15, 25, 35, 45, and 60 KGy. The fungi and bacteria in the soil were quantified by plate counting. Microwave irradiation and gamma irradiation with doses equal to or above 25 KGy killed all the soil microorganisms, but the chloroform methods did not. The carbon liberation...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Microwave; Gamma irradiation; Fumigation; Incubation; Microbial carbon.; Biomassa microbiana do solo.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/39451
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Investigating the performance of polyester microfibers in situ bags using different weft yarn count and density Animal Sciences
Hanafy, Doaa Elgohary; Hamoda, Dina Mohamed; Khattab, Ibrahim Mohamed; Aboamer, Ahmed Abdelkader.
Microfiber fabrics are more efficiency in retaining fine-particles that increase the variation in in situ degradability. The aim of this was to examine the performance of in situ bags made from different microfiber fabric for meeting the required specification and their ruminal degradability compared with standard Ankom in situ bags. Four fabrics were manufactured using polyester microfiber with 1.04 denier, weft yarn counts (150 and 300), weft density (22 and 28 picks / inch), plain 1/1 textile structure. Physical and mechanical properties of manufactured fabrics were measured before and after incubation. Ruminal degradability was measured for three feedstuffs (soybean meal, wheat bran and berseem hay) using three rumen-fistulated rams as a replicates...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Ankom bags; Fabric; Feedstuffs; Incubation; Nutrient; Pore size. ankom bags; Fabric; Feedstuffs; Incubation; Nutrient; Pore size..
Ano: 2020 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/48478
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Inoculação de maltose, sacarose ou glicose em ovos embrionados de baixo peso - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v32i1.5910 Animal Sciences
Leitão, Rodrigo Afonso; CEFET-UBERABA; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; Stringhini, José Henrique; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora.
Objetivou-se avaliar a suplementação com diferentes carboidratos e o local de inoculação em ovos de baixo peso. Para isso foram avaliados os parâmetros de incubação, biometria do trato gastrintestinal, morfometria intestinal e o desempenho de pintos de corte. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e 120 repetições para a incubação e quatro tratamentos e dez repetições para os demais parâmetros avaliados. Os tratamentos consistiram no ovo íntegro; ovo inoculado na cavidade alantoide por meio da câmara de ar; ovo inoculado na cavidade alantoide com solução de maltose, ou sacarose ou de glicose. Os tratamentos de um a 21 dias de idade foram realizados com as aves provenientes dos ovos inoculados com as soluções na cavidade...
Palavras-chave: Zootecnia/Produção animal Carboidratos; Incubação; Matrizes jovens; Pintos de baixo peso; Suplementação “in ovo” Carbohydrates; Incubation; Young breeders; Low-weight chicks; In ovo feeding.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/5910
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Soil microbial response to glucose and phosphorus addition under agricultural systems in the Brazilian Cerrado Anais da ABC (AABC)
FERREIRA,ADÃO S.; SANTOS,MARIA AMELIA DOS; CORRÊA,GILBERTO F..
Conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) management systems alter soil nutrient availability and consequently modify soil microbial response to nutrient additions such as carbon (C) and phosphorus (P). The objective of this study is to evaluate microbial response to the addition of C (glucose) and P (Na2HPO4.7H2O) under CT and NT in the brazilian Cerrado. In response to glucose addition, the NT system yielded higher microbial respiration rates and glucose consumption than the CT system. The best microbial response to C addition was after 0 - 12 h incubation in NT and 0 - 24 h in CT. The addition of P produced higher demand under CT than NT. After incubation, biochemical indicators such as microbial respiration, glucose consumption, dehydrogenase...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dehydrogenase; Glucose assay; Michaelis-Menten equation; Nutrient demands; Incubation.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000100395
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Efeitos do horário de postura de matrizes pesadas sobre o rendimento de incubação Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Barbosa,V.M.; Rocha,J.S.R.; Pompeu,M.A.; Fernandes,M.N.S.; Machado,A.C.; Cunha,C.E.; Cardeal,P.C.; Ruiz,L.E.A.; Lara,L.J.C.; Baião,N.C..
The effects of oviposition time, which represents different positions of the follicles in a sequence of posture, were studied on egg weight, chick weight, egg weight loss during incubation, hatchability, embryo mortality and infertility . A total of 19, 820 eggs, layed on the same day, from Cobb® broiler breeders aging 46-week-old were used. The eggs were classified according to the oviposition time posture (corresponding to the time of collection) from 8:30 am, 10:30 am, 12:30 pm, 14:30 pm and 16:30 pm, which represented the folowing treatments: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th collects, respectively. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and 36 repetitions, and each tray of 96 eggs was considered a repetition. The normal and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Broiler breeders; Embryo development; Incubation; Time of laying.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352013000400045
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Thermic Variation in Incubation and Development of Pantanal Caiman (Caiman crocodilus yacare) (Daudin, 1802) Kept in Metabolic Box BABT
Miranda,Maristela Parra; Moraes,Gentil Vanini de; Martins,Elias Nunes; Maia,Luis Carlos Pinto; Barbosa,Orlando Rus.
Thirty-two eggs of Pantanal caiman (Caiman crocodilus yacare) (Daudin, 1802) were incubated at 30° C. After 20 days of incubation at 30° C, the remaining eggs were distributed in the following way: seven at 34° C, seven at 32° C, six at 30° C and six at 28° C. At 32° C and 34° C a 100% hatchability was obtained while at 30° C 83.3% and at 28° C 66.6%. After hatching, the animals were kept for 120 days at the same temperature of their final incubation. Weight (g) control and morphometric (cm) analysis were carried out. The statistic design was totally randomized and the data were treated by regression analysis showing a quadratic behavior ( p<0.05). It was found that weight, total length (TTL), tail length (TL), snout- vent length (SVL), head length...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Caiman; Development; Incubation; Temperature; Thermic variation.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132002000300012
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In vitro fermentation of corn silage using rumen fluid buffered or not and different sample amounts Ciência Rural
Homem Junior,Antonio Carlos; Ezequiel,Jane Maria Bertocco; Perez,Henrique Leal; Almeida,Marco Tulio Costa; Paschoaloto,Josimari Regina; Carvalho,Vanessa Barbosa de; Cremasco,Leonardo Fernandes; Costa,Macella Borsonello da.
Methodological variations in the amount of sample incubated and the type of rumen fluid used are commonly observed. This study evaluated the effect of three sample amounts (0.6, 1.3 or 2.6g DM 100mL-1 of rumen fluid) incubated in rumen fluid buffered (BRF-buffered rumen fluid) or not (PRF-pure rumen fluid) on total gas volume (TV), methane (CH4) production, dry matter degradation (DM Deg) and final pH of corn silage incubated in vitro. The highest DM Deg was reached with the lowest amounts of sample (0.6 and 1.3g of DM 100mL-1 of rumen fluid). The sample amount of 2.6g associated with PRF reduced CH4 production (P<0.05), compared with the amounts of 0.6 and 1.3g DM 100mL-1, which had similar CH4 production (P>0.05). The use of BRF caused no effect on...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Degradation; Gas; Incubation; Methane; PH.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782015001202229
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Capacidad germinativa de semillas de Taxus globosa Schltdl. Colegio de Postgraduados
Ramírez Sánchez, Susana Elizabeth.
Taxus globosa Schtdlt. es una especie de importancia no solo por encontrarse en la NOM-059-ECOL-2010, sino, también por que produce un metabolito llamado taxol que es utilizado comercialmente para contrarrestar el cáncer. Actualmente, su obtención de esta especie es complicada, pues por encontrarse dentro de la norma, está prohibida su extracción; además su distribución en México es discontinua y su semilla presenta latencia, condición que dificulta mucho la propagación por medio de semilla; la germinación es escalonada y baja (2 al 14%). Es la única especie de este género en México y se considera endémica de nuestro país y de América central. Por lo que, en la presente investigación se buscó evaluar las diferencias morfológicas en las semillas de dos...
Palavras-chave: Taxus globosa; Germinación; Tratamientos pre-germinativos; Incubación; Estratificación; Germination; Pre-germination treatments; Incubation; Stratification; Producción de Semillas; Doctorado.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1089
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EFFECT OF THERMAL STIMULATION IN EMBRYOS FROM COBB®GENETIC STRAIN UNDER COMMERCIAL SCALE REA
Flores,Fernanda; Nääs,Irenilza De A.; Garcia,Rodrigo G..
ABSTRACT Studies aimed at producing stronger birds and with better growth performance are being developed involving artificial incubation. To that extent, thermal stimulation by the heat of 1.39 ºC and 1ºC above the standard, and by cold of 36 ºC fixed, were applied in the last week of the embryonic development (day 14 to day 18) to Cobb® strain birds of 33 to 53 weeks age. With the purpose of evaluating the behavior of the embryos facing these temperature stimuli to identify what is the best amplitude, frequency and the most appropriate period to perform temperature variation, obtaining more adapted birds to the field. It has been observed that heat or cold stimulation did not cause embryo mortality and did not affect the hatching and the quality of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Hatchability; Incubation; Chick quality; Thermal variation.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162017000200236
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Tecnicas para a coleta, transporte e incubacao artificial de ovos de Caiman crocodylus yacare (DAUDIN, 1802), (Crocodylia: alligatoridae). Infoteca-e
BREYER, F. R. dos S..
O jacare no Pantanal, e uma especie que ha quase uma decada vem sofrendo enorme pressao de caca clandestina, devido ao valor economico de seu couro e ao impedimento de sua utilizacao na forma de individuos adultos. O uso deste recurso natural necessita de legalizacao para tornar-se um complemento economico para as propriedades da regiao, hoje, exclusivamente sustentadas pela pecuaria. Atualmente, o manejo sustentado da especie, em condicoes naturais, e a forma mais viavel para sua explotacao racional. Baseia-se na coleta de ovos, sua incubacao e a manutencao dos filhotes em cativeiro. Um percentual dos filhotes nascidos, apos alcancarem um porte de mais de 60 cm de comprimento total, quando estao menos susceptiveis as predacoes naturais, serao repostos na...
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Coleta; Caiman Crocodylus yacare; Animal silvestre; Alligator; Incubation; Collect; Savage animal; Management; Incubação; Manejo; Jacaré; Transporte; Wildlife.
Ano: 1987 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/787740
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Biomassa microbiana do solo. Infoteca-e
REIS JÚNIOR, F. B. dos; MENDES, I. de C..
ABSTRACT: The microbial biomass, respiration and their derivative indexes are proposed as indicators of the state and changes of the soil organic matter. This document presents basic information about these indicators and the two methodologies most used for C-microbial biomass determinations, the fumigation-incubation and the fumigation-extraction methods. The basic principles behind these methods, advantages, disadvantages and limitations are discussed. As then main objective of this review, recent results from research in this field developed at the Embrapa Cerrados are presented.
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Microbial flora; Incubation; Biomassa; Carbono; Fumigação; Incubação; Microbiologia do Solo; População Microbiana; Biomass; Fumigation; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/572256
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Reproduction de la langoustine, Nephrops norvegicus dans la region sud Bretagne ArchiMer
Morizur, Yvon.
The size and age at sexual maturity of the lobsters was determined by secondary sexual characteristics (1) morphological criteria such as length of P1 protopodite, size of the abdomen, and the presence or absence of ovarian hairs in the female; and (2) functional criteria such as the presence of spermatophores in the female and development of the ovaries. A study of fecundity was carried out after maturation of the ovaries and at the end of incubation. The number of eggs lost during incubation was estimated at 45%. The contribution of different age classes to the global fecundity of the stock was simulated on a model of fecundity by recruits.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Nephrops norvegicus; Reproduction; Atlantique nord est; France; Bretagne; Finistere sud; Crustacea; Decapoda; Homaridae; Nephrops norvegicus; Incubation; Dimorphisme; Spermatophore; Ovaire; Fecondite; Maturite; Reproduction sexuee.
Ano: 1980 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1980/these-2338.pdf
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Caracteristiques topographiques et thermiques d'un site de ponte majeur de la tortue verte Chelonia mydas dans l'Ocean Indien sud-ouest: Europa ArchiMer
Le Gall, Jean-yves; Taquet, Marc; Cluet, Denis; Biais, Gerard.
The beach of the meteorological station of Europa Island (Indian Ocean S.W.) is a major nesting site for the green turtle. Altimetric distribution of nests on the beach is such than 95 % of nests are laid in the band located between 1.25 and 3 m above the mean level of upper tides. Nest density is a function of adult females number and varies from 0.175 to 0.043 nest/m2 for the two analyzed nesting seasons. Ground temperatures at 60 cm and 100 cm depth range from 22 (winter) to, 30°C (summer). Interannual variability of ground temperature at same depth (incubation depth) is 1.5° C from extreme hot to cold years. These intra and interannual variations are supposed to have an effect upon the sex-ratio of hatchlings
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Tortue verte; Chelonia mydas; Ponte; Distribution; Température; Incubation; Green turtle; Chelonia mydas; Nest; Distribution; Temperature; Incubation.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00113/22407/20104.pdf
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Influence de la temperature sur la differentiation sexuelle des gonades chez la tortue luth (Dermochelys coriacea ); etude en incubation artificielle et naturelle ArchiMer
Rimblot, F; Fretey, J; Lescure, J; Pieau, C.
Sexual differentiation of the marine leatherback turtle is sensitive to temperature. Incubation of eggs below 29 degree C results in 100% males, whereas incubationa bove 30 degree C results in 100% potential females at hatching. Therefore, the threshold temperature lies between 29 and 30 degree C as has been found for other marine turtles (Caretta caretta, Chelonia mydas ). Among hatchlings from natural nests in French Guiana, 10% were males, 20% were potential females and 70% had an intermediate phenotype. The sand temperature at 60 cm of depth, near one nest, was recorded and was found to vary between 29 and 30 degree C during the presumed thermosensitive period. These results will be useful to marine turtle hatcheries which seek to manipulate sex ratios...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Dermochelys coriacea; Chelonia mydas; Reptilia; Hatcheries; Natural populations; Incubation; Turtle culture; Eggs; Temperature effects; Sexual dimorphism.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1241.pdf
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Setting of a procedure for experimental incubation of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) embryos ArchiMer
Suquet, Marc; Amourda, Christopher; Mingant, Christian; Queau, Isabelle; Lebrun, Luc; Brizard, Raphael.
Standardized experimental protocols designed to study Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) gamete quality have not been previously published. Gamete sampling variations and confounding effect of interacting factors result in large variations between replicates, decreasing the effects of the studied factors. This work aims at defining a standardized procedure for incubation of oyster embryos designed for experimental purposes. In a first phase, four experiments were developed to improve embryo sampling and handling. They showed that a minimum of 50 embryos must be counted to decrease the variation between counting replicates. For reliable results, sampling must be carried out from 0 to 7 min after a careful agitation of seawater containing embryos...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Experimental; Embryo; Incubation.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3593.pdf
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Fécondité de Nephrops norvegicus dans le golfe de Gascogne ArchiMer
Morizur, Yvon; Conan, Gérard; Guenole, A.; Omnes, Marie-helene.
Females of the Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus (L.) incubate their eggs under the abdomen for a period of several months. The authors estimated the individual fecundity of N. norvegicus (1) before spawning, and (2) at the end of the incubation period. From these two relationships, they then calculated the average egg loss. Egg loss seems to be relatively higher for small females than for large ones. The mean egg loss estimated for the Bay of Biscay (45%) differs from the only other existing value (75%) calculated by other authors for Portuguese waters. Egg loss may regulate stock-density, and may be a mechanism intervening in stock-recruitment.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Nephrops norvegicus; Crustacea; Decapoda; Nephrops; Incubation; Spawning; Sexual reproduction; Fecundity.
Ano: 1981 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/publication-2348.pdf
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The culture of Hoplosternum littorale : State of the art and perspectives ArchiMer
Luquet, P; Boujard, Thierry; Planquette, P; Moreau, Y; Hostache, G.
Hoplosternum littorale is a siluriform fish of very high commercial value in some countries of South America. Some biological characteristics as easy spawning in confinement and good tolerance of low oxygen level make it easy to cultivate.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Fish ponds; Incubation; Brood stocks; Circadian rhythms; Sexual maturity; Sex ratio; Rearing; Respiration; Survival; Diets; Larvae; Fecundity; Hatching; Oxygen; Feeding behaviour; Fish culture.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1491.pdf
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Aquaculture of red tilapia Oreochromis sp. in marine environments: State of the art. ArchiMer
Watanabe, W; Ernst, D; Olla, B; Wicklund, R.
The Caribbean Marine Research Centre is conducting research on the development of methods for intensive culture of euryhaline red tilapias in marine environments for application to Caribbean islands and similar regions with limited freshwater resources.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Survival; Growth; Eggs; Brood stocks; Incubation; Brackish water; Seed (aquaculture); Food conversion; Hatcheries; Controlled conditions; Diets; Floating cages; Sea water; Salinity tolerance; Intensive culture; Fingerlings.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1493.pdf
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The measurements of nutrient fluxes at the water-sediment interface : incubation methods (in laboratory and in situ) ; gradient method (calculated fluxes) ; benthic ecosystem tunnel ArchiMer
Feuillet-girard, Michelle; Gouleau, Dominique; Zurburg, Wouter; Small, A. C.; Dankers, N.; Heral, Maurice.
Many flux measurements methods have been described in the literature. The purpose of our study was to compare results obtained by these different methods : gradient method, incubation method (Laboratory and in situ), benthic ecosystem tunnel. The field experiment has been performed in the Marennes Oleron Bay since May 1991 (Contrat C. E. E. FAR)
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Nutrient fluxes; Measurements; Methods; Incubation; Benthic ecosystem tunnel; Marennes Oleron; Charente Maritime.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21304/18923.pdf
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