SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Pan, Suwen; Hudson, Darren; Ethridge, Don E..

This analysis uses a residual demand elasticity model to measure market power of the international cotton market. The results indicate that both china and U.S. dominate the cotton price with a higher market power in china compared to the U.S. Those test results combined with a partial equilibrium model of the international cotton market are used to study the welfare consequences of U.S. cotton subsidy policies for major cotton exporters under alternative assumptions about global market structure. The results indicate that the effects of U.S. subsidies on world cotton price are much smaller under monopsony and double power (with china as a monopsony and U.S. as a monopoly) market assumption than those under complete competitive market scenarios.

National and Regional Impacts of U.S. Agricultural Exports

Palavras-chave: U.S. Cotton Commodity Programs; Global Market Structure; International Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51196

Paggi, Mechel S.; Rosson, C. Parr, III; Adcock, Flynn J.; Hanselka, Daniel D..

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: International Trade; Output; Employment; Exports; International Relations/Trade; Q10; Q11; Q13; Q17.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104208

Beyond the Home Market Effect: Market Size and Specialization in a Multi-Country World

Behrens, Kristian; Lamorgese, Andrea R.; Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P.; Tabuchi, Takatoshi.

The standard two-country model of international trade with monopolistic competition predicts a more-than-proportional relationship between a country’s share of world production of a good and its share of world demand for that same good, a result known as the “home market effect”. We first show that this prediction does not generally carry through to the multi-country case, as production patterns are crucially affected by third country effects. We then derive an alternative prediction that holds whatever the number of countries considered. This new prediction takes into account important features of the real world such as comparative advantage due to cross-country technological differences and lack of factor price equalization.

Grain Sorghum International Trade: U.S.-Mexico Simulation and Estimation Model

Palavras-chave: Comparative Advantage; Home Market Effect; Hub Effect; International Trade; Monopolistic Competition; Multi-country Models; International Relations/Trade; F12; R12.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56212

Liu, Bing; Malaga, Jaime E..

An econometric international supply/demand/trade simulation and forecast sorghum model in a partial equilibrium framework is built in this research paper to quantify the effects of key exogenous variables on the U.S.-Mexico sorghum trade. A forecast baseline is also established by using the validated model and values of exogenous variables provided by FAPRI to project the level of endogenous variables over the period of 2009 to 2017. Impacts of plausible alternative scenarios for key exogenous variables are simulated from 2009 to 2017.

The Expected Benefits of Trade Liberalization for World Income and Development: Opening the "Black Box" of Global Trade Modeling

Palavras-chave: Sorghum; International Trade; Simulation; Estimation; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56434

IS 'GETTING THE PRICES RIGHT' ALWAYS RIGHT? HOW TRADE LIBERALIZATION CAN FAIL

Bouet, Antoine.

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Developing Countries; Econometric Models; International Trade; Poverty; Free Trade; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53871

Gaitan, Beatriz; Pavel, Ferdinand.

We present a general equilibrium model with oligopsonistic market structure in one of the sectors. Buyers of inputs can set the price of inputs by being involved in rent seeking activities. The framework developed is applied to the Bulgarian economy in particular to the agro-food chain. From the application to the Bulgarian economy we find that if there are market imperfections, such as oligopsonistic behavior in the economy, there are no significant welfare gains from free trade. Significant welfare gains from trade are observed only when a competitive structure prevails. We show that eliminating this market imperfection can bring important welfare implications and an efficient reallocation of resources.

TURKEY BEYOND CAP: AGRO-FOOD COMMERCIAL RELATIONS WITH EMILIA-ROMAGNA

Palavras-chave: Imperfect Competition; Oligopsony; International Trade; Growth and Development; Transition Economies; International Relations/Trade; D34; E13; F12; L16.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21881

Samoggia, Antonella; Maccani, Paola; Michetti, Matteo; Can, Erguder; Topcu, Ceren; Tansug, Zeynep Solak.

The objective of this paper is to analyse the role that European countries’ institutional relations and economic policies have in improving the competitiveness, sustainable development and structural adjustments of farms and agro-food economy in Turkey by supporting sustainable and long-lasting foreign agricultural commercial relations. In particular, the paper analyses the case study of Turkey and Emilia-Romagna region agro-food economic trade and the institutional relations developed within a political and institutional framework of actions over the last decade showing how these initiatives have contributed to enhance the role of Turkey as an increasingly important trade partner country. The paper concludes that future CAP budget constraints should lead...

Impacts from Government Regulations on the Canadian-U.S. Basis for Fed Cattle

Palavras-chave: Agro-Food Policy; Turkey; International Trade; Cap; Enlargement; Agricultural and Food Policy; Political Economy; Q10; Q18.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44851

Ward, Clement E.; Schroeder, Ted C.; Schulz, Lee L..

Replaced with revised version of paper 09/01/09.

The Economic and Environmental Effects of an EU Ban on Illegal Logging Imports. Insights from a CGE Assessment

Palavras-chave: Canada; Fed Cattle; Government Policy; International Trade; Prices; U.S.; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Q13; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49327

Bosello, Francesco; Parrado, Ramiro; Rosa, Renato.

Illegal logging is widely recognized as a major economic problem and one of the causes of environmental degradation. Increasing awareness of its negative effects has fostered a wide range of proposals to combat it by major international conservation groups and political organizations. Following the 2008 US legislation which prohibits the import of illegally harvested wood and wood products, the European Union (EU) is now discussing a legislation proposal which would ban illegal timber from the EU market. In this study we use the ICES computable general equilibrium model to estimate the reallocation of global demand and timber imports following the pending EU legislation. With this exercise our final objective is to assess the economic impacts and measure...

Quality Standards for Food Products - A Particular Burden for Small Producers in Developing Countries?

Palavras-chave: Forestry; Illegal Logging; International Trade; Economy and Environment; Computable General Equilibrium Models; Environmental Economics and Policy; D58; Q23; Q56; R13.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90953

Chemnitz, Christine; Grethe, Harald; Kleinwechter, Ulrich.

This paper develops an analytical framework which structures the problem of whether, how and to what extent small producers in developing countries are disadvantaged by the increasing prevalence of food quality standards. Based on a literature review, the empirical evidence is structured and research gaps are identified. The paper finds that small and medium producers rarely comply without support from downstream actors. In case of well-educated and relatively wealthy farmers, forward integration is also found. No empirical support exists for the intuitively appealing hypothesis of a lower cost of compliance per unit of output for large producers. Zusammenfassung In diesem Papier wird ein Analyserahmen entwickelt, um die Möglichkeit und das Ausmaß der...

The Effects of Unilateral Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions on the U.S. Agriculture

Palavras-chave: Quality Standards; International Trade; EUREPGAP; Certification; Small Farmers; Developing Countries; Cost of Compliance; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10010

Tokovenko, Oleksiy; Koo, Won W..

This study analyses potential adverse effects of unilateral increase in GHG emission standards. The single good two regions partial equilibrium model of international trade is used to derive and interpret the conditions under which such an increase will lead to a reduction in a total level of GHG emission. We found that improvement in the global GHG emission level will be observed if the response of the home country abatement level is more elastic than that of the foreign country by the factor of the ratio of initial foreign to domestic marginal emission intensities. It is also shown that in the large industry case, the appropriate factor is adjusted by the measure of the relative market influence of two industries. The study concludes that a unilateral...

International trade and competitiveness analysis in the European Union: the case of prepared meat sector

Palavras-chave: Emission Regulation; Carbon Leakage; International Trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103847

Banterle, Alessandro; Carraresi, Laura.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the competitive performance of the EU countries for the prepared swine meat sector during the period 1990- 2003. This sector has been chosen for the role that traditional products play in most EU countries. To assess competitiveness, the analysis evaluates several trade indices to compare the trends over the last fifteen years: Revealed Comparative Advantage, the Vollrath indices, Net Export Index, and Grübel - Lloyd index. The data source was the Eurostat data base, considering intra - EU export and import data referred to 17 sub- sectors with 8 digit codes. Moreover, cluster analysis has been applied to highlight groups of countries with similar features. Good competitive performance in the prepared swine meat...

From “May Contain” to “Does Contain”: The price and trade effects of strict information requirements for GM maize under the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

Palavras-chave: Competitiveness; International Trade; EU; Prepared Meat; RCA.; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10058

Bouet, Antoine; Gruere, Guillaume P.; Leroy, Laetitia.

Replaced with revised version of paper 07/22/10.

The Impact of Financial Crises on Trade Flows: A Developing Country Perspective

Palavras-chave: Genetically modified food; International Trade; Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q17; Q18; F18.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61533

Macias, Jose Brambila; Massa, Isabella; Salois, Matthew J..

The global financial crisis has hit hard international trade that dropped below levels not seen since the Great Depression with disastrous consequences for the developing world. This paper estimates an extended gravity model of trade on a sample of 83 developing countries over the period 1990-2007 to shed light on how banking crises and global economic downturns affect bilateral exports flows from developing countries. In addition to traditional variables, we include a trade finance variable and foreign aid among the regressors. Differences between developing regions are taken into account. Our results show that (i) trade finance has a positive and significant impact on bilateral export flows in all developing regions except Latin America; (ii) foreign aid...

La competitività del comparto florovivaistico delle regioni del mezzogiorno sul mercato internazionale

Palavras-chave: Banking Crises; Developing Countries; Foreign Aid; Global Downturn; International Trade; Trade Finance; Mixed Effects Panel Data; Random Coefficients.; Agricultural and Food Policy; C23; F11; F12; F34; F35; G01..

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91831

Schimmenti, Emanuele; Asciuto, Antonio; Galati, Antonino; Carapezza, Rosario.

In the last few years the Italian flower and ornamental plant sector has been characterized by a significant dynamicity, becoming one of the most important sectors of the Italian agricultural system. In terms of competitiveness, however, the above sector has faced several market crises due to the globalization process which has produced has brought about an increasing supply of flower and ornamentals in the world market. In a national context, Mezzogiorno is an important area in terms of production source for flowers and ornamental plants, in relation to both extremely favorable climatic conditions and specific economic situations which positively affect profitability of firms operating in some productive sub-sectors (e.g., the ornamental plant sector)....

CONFIGURAÇÃO DE TRANSAÇÕES INTERNACIONAL: CARNE BOVINA TOCANTINENSE COM DESTINO AO MERCADO RUSSO

Palavras-chave: Competitiveness; Flowers and Ornamental Plants Sector; International Trade; Mezzogiorno; F140; Q170.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48301

Thome, Karim Marini; Carvalho, Jose Marcio.

Este artigo mostra as principais configurações de transações comerciais empregadas por atores comerciais internacionais envolvidos nas transações de carne bovina tocantinense com destino ao mercado russo. Com este objetivo, o artigo descreve as principais atividades técnicas executadas pelas firmas envolvidas nas configurações de transações encontradas a fim entregar seu produto. São descritos também os tipos principais de organizações, os atores atuantes no negócio da carne bovina e as operações comerciais. As múltiplas configurações de transações usadas pelas organizações e pelos diferentes atores são apresentadas usando o modelo de representação gráfico. --------------------------------------------This paper shows the main commercial transaction...

The Geography and Channels of Diffusion at the World's Technology Frontier

Palavras-chave: Custos de Transação; Representação Gráfica; Comércio de Carne Bovina; Comércio Internacional; Cattle Trade of Bovine Meat; Transaction Costs; Graphical Representation of Transactions; International Trade; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109819

Keller, Wolfgang.

Convergence in per capita income turns on whether technological knowledge spillovers are global or local. Global spillovers favor convergence, while a geographically limited scope of knowledge diffusion can lead to regional clusters of countries with persistently different levels of income per capita. This paper estimates the importance of geographic distance for technology diffusion, how this changed over time, and whether international trade, foreign direct investment, and communication flows serve as important channels of diffusion. The analysis is based on examining the productivity effects of R&D expenditures in the world's seven major industrialized countries between 1970 and 1995. First, I find that the scope of technology diffusion is severely...

Analyzing the Impact of Changes in Trade and Domestic Policies: The Case of the Soybean Complex

Palavras-chave: Convergence; Divergence; Economic Geography; Total Factor Productivity; Technology Diffusion; International Trade; Foreign Direct Investment; Communication; Spillovers; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; 03; F2.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26140

Costa, Rafael F.; Xia, Yan; Susanto, Dwi; Rosson, C. Parr, III; Adcock, Flynn J..

This study analyzes the impacts of domestic and trade policy changes on the soybean complex using a Stochastic Equilibrium Displacement Model (SEDM). Three different policies, Loan Deficiency Payments (LDP), transportation costs and export taxes are considered in the analysis. The results indicate that Brazil benefits from a reduction in transportation costs and becomes more competitive in the global soybean market. Brazilian exports of soybeans increase due to relatively lower export prices. However, Brazil gains little improvement in the export competitiveness of the soybean joint products, soybean meal and oil. A lower U.S. LDP rate results in the loss of competitiveness for the United States in the world soybean market. Furthermore, the results show...

Poder de mercado das exportações de farelo de soja: uma análise via demanda residual

Palavras-chave: International Trade; Loan Deficiency Payment; Soybean; Soybean Joint Products; Stochastic Equilibrium Displacement Model; Transportation Costs; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45853

Coronel, Daniel Arruda; Amorim, Airton Lopes; Braga, Marcelo Jose; Campos, Antonio Carvalho.

The objective of this paper was to verify the market power of the Argentinean, Brazilian and American exports of soymeal to the European Union, the main consumer market of this commodity. For that, the article is based on the methodology of residual demand. Using the methods Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR), Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) and Three-Stage Least Squares (3SLS), the results indicated that, though this segment is concentrated by Argentina, Brazil and the United States, none of these countries presented market power for soymeal exports. In other words, they are not able to change soymeal prices without to decrease the exports

Implications of Tariff Rate Quotas Liberalization in the South African Livestock Industry

Palavras-chave: Market Power; International Trade; Soymeal; Residual Demand; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; F12; L13.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114462

Oyewumi, Olubukola Ayodeju; Jooste, Andre; van Schalkwyk, Herman D.; Britz, Wolfgang.

Livestock farming is an important facet of agriculture and livelihood in South Africa. It forms the essence of rural agriculture contributing food, socio-economic stability, employment and income. After the liberalization of the agricultural sector and phasing out of past protection mechanisms South Africa introduced a process of tariff reform. Furthermore, a system of tariff rate quotas was introduced in compliance with WTO regulations. A partial equilibrium comparative static model was used to investigate the impact of further liberalization in the livestock industry of South Africa, particularly in meat products using four policy scenarios. Specific emphasis was given to the liberalization of the current TRQ regime. The conclusion is that the expansion...