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Causes and Impact of Labour Migration: A Case Study of Punjab Agriculture AgEcon
Kaur, Baljinder; Singh, J.M.; Garg, B.R.; Singh, Jasdev; Singh, Satwinder.
In Punjab, the influx of migrant labour particularly in agriculture sector started with the green revolution and picked up subsequently. Due to monoculture in the cropping pattern, the state has become largely dependent on migrant labourers for various agricultural operations. The influx of seasonal as well as permanent labour from outside has led to various socio-economic problems in Punjab. In the wake of this, the present study was purposively conducted in the Central Zone of Punjab for the year 2011 to find the causes and impact of labour in-migration in Punjab. A total of 105 respondents belonging to the states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Nepal constituted the sample frame. The results have revealed that better income and...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Labour migration; Long-term migration; Short-term migration; Remittances; In-migration; Agricultural and Food Policy; J61; J62; R23.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119397
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Migration and Child Labour in Agriculture – A Study of Punjab AgEcon
Goyal, Mini.
The present study has been conducted to know the general profile, educational status, activities performed and income of the migratory child labour vis-a-vis the natives engaged in agricultural activities in Punjab. The study is based on a sample of twelve villages randomly taken from three agro-climatic zones. In all the villages, 302 children working in agricultural sector were identified and all of them were the respondents of this study. It has been found that about one-fourth of the child labour working in agricultural and allied activities in the state of Punjab are migrants from other states, viz. Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh. Most of the migrant child workers were in the age group of 12-14 years. The ratio of female child...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Child Labour; Migration; Child labour wages; Migratory child labour; Agricultural and Food Policy; J61; J62; R23.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119393
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Is population growth conducive to the sustainability of cooperation? AgEcon
Stark, Oded; Jakubek, Marcin.
This paper asks whether population growth is conducive to the sustainability of cooperation. A simple model is developed in which farmers who live around a circular lake engage in trade with their adjacent neighbors. The payoffs from this activity are governed by a prisoner’s dilemma “rule of engagement.” Every farmer has one son when the population is not growing, or two sons when it is growing. In the former case, the son takes over the farm when his father dies. In the latter case, one son stays on his father’s farm, whereas the other son settles around another lake, along with the “other” sons of the other farmers. During his childhood, each son observes the strategies and the payoffs of his father and of the trading partners of his father, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Population growth; Imitation; Sustainability of cooperation; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; C72; D01; D83; J19; J62; R12; R23.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109965
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Farm subsidies and agricultural employment: The education channel AgEcon
Berlinschi, Ruxanda; Van Herck, Kristine; Swinnen, Johan F.M..
Agricultural employment in industrialized countries has been steadily decreasing despite important levels of farm subsidies. We argue that one explanation to this puzzle is the positive impact of subsidies on the education levels of farmers’ children. If farmers are credit constrained, they may underinvest in their children’s education. By increasing farmers’ revenues, subsidies increase investment in education. If more educated children are less willing to become farmers, one long term effect of subsidies is to reduce labor supply in the agricultural sector. We provide a theoretical model and some empirical evidence supporting this argument.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural Employment; Farm Subsidies; Education; Credit Constraints; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q18; I20; J62.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99424
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Farm Operator Entry and Exit Behavior: A Longitudinal Analysis AgEcon
Adamson, Dwight W.; Waugh, Andrew.
Farm structure is experiencing a persistent change. Since the early 1980s, US farms specializing in crops have constantly declined in number and grown in average size. Crop production has moved to large farms at the expense of small and medium sized farms. This shift in farm structure to more concentrated production is complex. Market forces such as technological change and changing factor input prices are likely contributors as they have been in the past. Another factor that has generated considerable interest is the role of commodity program payments. Commodity payments are tied to a farm’s current or historical production. Therefore, larger farms tend to receive the greatest share of commodity program payments. However, the extent that commodity...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Farm Operator; Entry; Exit; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Q12; J61; J62.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124053
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