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| Olmstead, Sheila M.; Stavins, Robert N.. |
| Urban water conservation is typically achieved through prescriptive regulations, including the rationing of water for particular uses and requirements for the installation of particular technologies. A significant shift has occurred in pollution control regulations toward market-based policies in recent decades. We offer an analysis of the relative merits of market-based and prescriptive approaches to water conservation, where prices have rarely been used to allocate scarce supplies. The analysis emphasizes the emerging theoretical and empirical evidence that using prices to manage water demand is more cost-effective than implementing non-price conservation programs, similar to results for pollution control in earlier decades. Price-based approaches also... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Cost-effectiveness; Water Conservation; Market-based Approaches; Policy Instrument Choice; Water Price; Q25; Q28; Q58; L95. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42919 |
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| Ferrari, P.A.; Salini, S.. |
| This paper provides a comparative analysis of statistical methods to evaluate the consumer perception about the quality of Services of General Interest. The evaluation of the service quality perceived by users is usually based on Customer Satisfaction Survey data and an ex-post evaluation is then performed. Another approach, consisting in evaluating Consumers preferences, supplies an ex-ante information on Service Quality. Here, the ex-post approach is considered, two non-standard techniques - the Rasch Model and the Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis - are presented and the potential of both methods is discussed. These methods are applied on the Eurobarometer Survey data to assess the consumer satisfaction among European countries and in different... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Service Quality; Eurobarometer; Non Linear Principal Component Analysis; Rasch Analysis; Conjoint Analysis; C33; C35; C43; L94; L95; L96. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36758 |
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| Sauer, Johannes. |
| Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert die optimale Organisation der Wasserversorgung unter Berücksichtigung der grundlegenden Gutscharakteristika und der spezifischen Produktions-struktur. Nach einer formalen Beschreibung der einzelnen Produktionsstufen und der realen Organisation des Wassersektors in Deutschland werden kurz verschiedene Modelle zur Sek-tororganisation vorgestellt. Anschließend wird versucht, die Bestimmung der ökonomisch optimalen Betriebs- und Angebotsorganisation zu erläutern. Schließlich werden zentrale öko-nomische Konzepte der Produktionsanalyse und der industriellen Organisation für eine empi-rische Überprüfung am Beispiel der Wasserversorgung beispielhaft modelliert. Es zeigt sich, dass empirisch fundierte Organisationsmodelle bisher... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Water Supplying Industry; Production Analysis; Industrial Organisation; Economic Modelling; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; L95; Q25; R50. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14910 |
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