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| Manivong, Vongpaphane; Cramb, Rob A.; Newby, Jonathan C.. |
| Despite being a low‐income, agriculture‐based country with a subsistence‐orientation, Laos is in the early stages of a major economic transformation whereby rural households have been experiencing rapid change in their farming and livelihood systems. Some households have engaged in what the World Bank classifies as market‐oriented farming while other households have adopted labour‐oriented or migration‐oriented livelihood strategies. This paper explores how rural households in six villages in the lowlands of Champasak Province in southern Laos make a living. These villages vary in their access to irrigation and to markets. Nevertheless, in all villages, long‐term migration of younger household members to neighbouring Thailand has come to play a large role... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Migration; Remittances; Rice intensification; Livelihood strategy; Rural poverty; Laos; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124337 |
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| Stifel, David. |
| This paper examines the relationship between rural non-farm employment and household welfare using nationally representative data from Madagascar. It focuses on labor outcomes in the context of household livelihood strategies that include farm and non-farm income earning opportunities. It identifies distinct household livelihood strategies that can be ordered in welfare terms, and estimates multinomial logit models to assess the extent of the barriers to choosing dominant strategies. It finds that high-return non-farm activities provide an important pathway out of poverty, but that barriers such as lack of (a) education, (b) formal credit and (c) access to telecommunications restrict participation in such activities. Individual employment choice models and... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Non-farm; Livelihood strategy; Diversification; Labor; Welfare; Madagascar; Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93887 |
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| Cramb, Rob A.; Sujang, Patrick S.. |
| The dominant view among policy-makers in Sarawak, a resource frontier state in Malaysian Borneo, is that the only viable way to involve smallholders in the oil palm boom that has transformed the agricultural economy of that island is to consolidate them into larger production entities with externally provided management and finance. However, despite lack of government support, the area of smallholder oil palm has increased dramatically in the past decade in those regions with access to roads and palm oil mills. We argue that, once processing infrastructure is in place, oil palm smallholders can readily take advantage of this infrastructure to pursue a profitable livelihood option, with lower cost and greater flexibility than large-scale operations. In this... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Smallholders; Estates; Livelihood strategy; Land policy.; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124277 |
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