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| Varela,Liliana; Bisang,Roberto. |
| In the 1980s, the technical pattern of production in agriculture changed due to the increasing design of genetically modified plants. Modern biotechnology thrived on events requiring certain thresholds of scientific and technological skills as well as scale economies usually seen in developed countries. The mergers and acquisitions during the mid-1990s led to a world-wide oligopoly composed of very few agri-biotechnological mega-corporations and the literature discusses the impact of the mergers and acquisitions on the agriculture of developing countries with comparative advantages in agriculture. This paper analyzes the world-wide process of agri-biotechnological mega-corporation mergers and acquisitions as well as its impact and interrelationships with... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Internalization; Local adaptation; Mergers and acquisitions; Multinationals. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582006000300010 |
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| Cadier, Mathilde; Sourisseau, Marc; Gorgues, Thomas; Edwards, Christopher A.; Memery, Laurent. |
| Tidal front ecosystems are especially dynamic environments usually characterized by high phytoplankton biomass and high primary production. However, the description of functional microbial diversity occurring in these regions remains only partially documented. In this article, we use a numerical model, simulating a large number of phytoplankton phenotypes to explore the three-dimensional spatial patterns of phytoplankton abundance and diversity in the Iroise Sea (western Brittany). Our results suggest that, in boreal summer, a seasonally marked tidal front shapes the phytoplankton species richness. A diversity maximum is found in the surface mixed layer located slightly west of the tidal front (i.e., not strictly co-localized with high biomass... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Plankton functional traits; Biodiversity; Biogeography; Local adaptation; Dynamical transport; Tidal front. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00367/47861/48101.pdf |
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| Wegner, K. Mathias; Piel, Damien; Bruto, Maxime; John, Uwe; Mao, Zhijuan; Alunno-bruscia, Marianne; Petton, Bruno; Le Roux, Frederique. |
| Bacteria of the Vibrio genus are the most predominant infectious agents threatening marine wildlife and aquaculture. Due to the large genetic diversity of these pathogens, the molecular determinants of Vibrio virulence are only poorly understood. Furthermore, studies tend to ignore co-evolutionary interactions between different host populations and their locally encountered Vibrio communities. Here, we explore the molecular targets of such co-evolutionary interactions by analyzing the genomes of nine Vibrio strains from the Splendidus-clade showing opposite virulence patterns towards two populations of Pacific oysters introduced into European Wadden Sea. By contrasting Vibrio phylogeny to their host specific virulence patterns, we could identify two core... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Virulence; Host-pathogen interaction; Local adaptation; Biological invasion; Emerging disease; Wadden Sea. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00512/62409/66669.pdf |
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| Pratlong, M.; Haguenauer, A.; Chabrol, O.; Klopp, C.; Pontarotti, P.; Aurelle, D.. |
| The question of species survival and evolution in heterogeneous environments has long been a subject for study. Indeed, it is often difficult to identify the molecular basis of adaptation to contrasted environments, and nongenetic effects increase the difficulty to disentangle fixed effects, such as genetic adaptation, from variable effects, such as individual phenotypic plasticity, in adaptation. Nevertheless, this question is also of great importance for understanding the evolution of species in a context of climate change. The red coral (Corallium rubrum) lives in the Mediterranean Sea, where at depths ranging from 5 to 600m, it meets very contrasted thermal conditions. The shallowest populations of this species suffered from mortality events linked... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Cnidarians; Gene expression; Local adaptation; Octocoral polymorphism; Transcriptome. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00371/48257/48661.pdf |
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| Crespel, Amelie; Dupont-prinet, A.; Bernatchez, L.; Claireaux, Guy; Tremblay, R.; Audet, C.. |
| In this study, an anadromous strain (L) and a freshwater-resident (R) strain of brook charr Salvelinus fontinalis as well as their reciprocal hybrids, were reared in a common environment and submitted to swimming tests combined with salinity challenges. The critical swimming speeds (Ucrit) of the different crosses were measured in both fresh (FW) and salt water (SW) and the variations in several physiological traits (osmotic, energetic and metabolic capacities) that are predicted to influence swimming performance were documented. Anadromous and resident fish reached the same Ucrit in both FW and SW, with Ucrit being 14% lower in SW compared with FW. The strains, however, seemed to use different underlying strategies: the anadromous strain relied on its... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Hybrids; Local adaptation; Metabolism; Swimming performance. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00376/48703/49288.pdf |
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| Bonnet, Xavier; Brischoux, François; Briand, Marine; Shine, Richard. |
| In a widespread species, a matching of phenotypic traits to local environmental optima is generally attributed to site-specific adaptation. However, the same matching can occur via adaptive plasticity, without requiring genetic differences among populations. Adult sea kraits (Laticauda saintgironsi) are highly philopatric to small islands, but the entire population within the Neo-Caledonian Lagoon is genetically homogeneous because females migrate to the mainland to lay their eggs at communal sites; recruits disperse before settling, mixing up alleles. Consequently, any matching between local environments (e.g. prey sizes) and snake phenotypes (e.g. body sizes and relative jaw sizes (RJSs)) must be achieved via phenotypic plasticity rather than spatial... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Gape limited; Jaw size; Laticauda; Local adaptation; New Caledonia; Sea krait. |
| Ano: 2021 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00677/78892/81189.pdf |
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