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| Registros recuperados: 70 | |
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| Kimhi, Ayal; Chiwele, Dennis K.. |
| The objective of this paper is to identify factors which limit the ability of Zambian farmers to increase Maize productivity and/or diversify their crop mix. Both may enable wealth accumulation, investments, and further expansion. Specifically, we link variations in agricultural decisions, practices, and outcomes, to variations in the tightness of the different constraints. We model crop production decisions as having recursive structure. Initially, farmers decide on land allocation among the different crops, based on their information set at planting time. Then, as new information (weather, market conditions) is revealed, farmers can change output by influencing the yield. This recursive structure enables to separate the effects of the constraints on the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Diversification; Maize Productivity; Recursive Decisions; Two-stage Estimation; Censored Dependent Variables; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O1; Q1. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21877 |
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| Richter, Susan M.. |
| The economic literature has highlighted how in the absence of income insurance risk averse households may voluntarily withdraw from credit markets, since contract terms may transfer too much risk to the household (Boucher, Carter, and Guirkinger, 2007). Therefore, households may forgo activities with higher expected income in favor of activities with less income variability across states of nature (Morduch, 1995). Recent literature has also evaluated how remittances provide households with insurance against income shocks (Yang and Choi, 2007; Rosenzweig and Stark, 1989) and how remittances may help households bypass financial intermediaries (Woodruff and Zenteno, 2001; Taylor, Rozelle, and de Brauw, 2003). There has been minimal attention, however, on how... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; Health Economics and Policy; F22; F24; L14; O1; 015. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6261 |
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| Shams, Rasul. |
| The World Bank is a prestigious and large international financial institution. Since its foundation it has widened the scope and the size of its activities. One interpretation of what the World Bank is doing is the provision of public goods. If we take this interpretation seriously the comprehensiveness of the Bank's activity suggests that the Bank is assuming more and more the functions of a world government in the making. An alternative interpretation would look at the World Bank as a huge bureaucratic organization, acting on its own behalf. This interpretation can not be endorsed fully by the available information, but only in the sense of bureau-shaping. The Bank itself is proud of being a knowledge bank. But its actual activity is the popularization... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International lending; Economic development; Public goods; Interest groups; Financial Economics; F33; F34; G21; O1. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26380 |
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| Cacho, Oscar J.; Lipper, Leslie. |
| Agroforestry projects have the potential to help mitigate global warming by acting as sinks for greenhouse gasses. However, participation in carbon-sink projects may be constrained by high costs. This problem may be particularly severe for projects involving smallholders in developing countries. Of particular concern are the transaction costs incurred in developing projects, measuring, certifying and selling the carbon-sequestration services generated by such projects. This paper addresses these issues by analysing the implications of transaction and abatement costs in carbon-sequestration projects. A model of project participation is developed, which accounts for the conditions under which both buyers and sellers would be willing to engage in a carbon... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agroforestry; Climate Policy; Carbon Sequestration Costs; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q57; O1; O13. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9324 |
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| Minten, Bart; Randrianarisoa, Jean Claude; Barrett, Christopher B.. |
| This study explores the constraints on agricultural productivity and priorities in boosting productivity in rice, the main staple in Madagascar, using a range of different data sets and analytical methods, integrating qualitative assessments by farmers and quantitative evidence from panel data production function analysis and willingness-to-pay estimates for chemical fertilizer. Nationwide, farmers seek primarily labor productivity enhancing interventions, e.g., improved access to agricultural equipment, cattle and irrigation. Shock mitigation measures, land productivity increasing technologies and improved land tenure are reported to be much less important. Poorer farmers have significantly lower rice yields than richer farmers, as well as significantly... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; O1; O3; Q12. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25611 |
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| Ranis, Gustav. |
| This paper suggests that area studies and economics have a better chance to be married successfully if we shift our attention from the exclusive emphasis on economic growth towards improvements in human development, especially the much broadened version of that concept. Different areas are shown to differ substantially in terms of the choices they make among the various independent dimensions of well-being and the various indicators within each dimension. The particular characteristics of each area play an important role in determining the choices societies make and the extent to which they are constrained by their initial conditions. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Economics; Human Development; Area Studies; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; O1; O2; O5. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52333 |
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| Peri, Giovanni; Cunat, Alejandro. |
| The extremely large disparities in employment rates across Italian regions, and the bad performance of the Italian economy in terms of job creation in the 80´s and early 90´s make job creation a top-priority in the economic policy agenda. This paper uses data on employment from 784 Local Labor Systems (LLS´s) covering the whole Italian territory to analyze job creation and its covariates for the 1981-1996 period. Local agglomeration economies, in particular input-output linkages, social characteristics, in particular the crime rate, and infrastructure growth are found to be important determinants of employment growth across Italian LLS´s. Using these estimates and data relative to 1996, we assess the potential for job creation in the LLS´s for the next... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Local Agglomeration Economies; Employment Growth; Italian Regions; Labor and Human Capital; R0; R3; O1. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26385 |
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| Barrett, Christopher B.. |
| In this world of plenty, almost half of the world's six billion people live on two dollars a day or less and the number living on less than one dollar a day has increased over the past fifteen years (World Bank 2000). Between one third and one half suffer under nutrition due to insufficient intake of calories, protein or critical micronutrients such as vitamin A, iodine and iron. More than one child in five lives in acute poverty. Why does such unnecessary injustice continue to disfigure a rich, technologically advanced world and what can be done to care for the poor and thereby to care for and honor God, as the Gospels instruct us? In attempting to answer those questions, at least partly, this paper offers some insights from recent research in economics,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; O1; I1; A1. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14747 |
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| Femi, Olubode-Awosola; van Schalkwyk, Herman D.. |
| South Africa's agricultural sector is characterized by a skewed participation of the population. There are vastly white commercial farmers and black subsistence farmers. This is attributed to the past government's intervention in the economy, which lead to exclusion of and discrimination against the blacks regarding access to land. The new government is committed to redressing this imbalance through agricultural reform and development strategies namely land, agrarian, trade and market reforms. One of the government's primary policy thrusts is to provide access to agricultural land for people not adequately represented in the agricultural sector. However, the government lacks sufficient resources to provide land and support services to the farmers been... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: E6; O1; Q15; P0; L12; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25725 |
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| Yu, Bingxin; You, Liangzhi; Fan, Shenggen. |
| The recent surge in food prices around the world may reverse the gains of reducing hunger and poverty in the recent years. This paper employs factor and sequential typology analysis using data for 175 countries to identify groups of countries categorized according to four measures of food security: utilization, availability, accessibility and stability. Nine indicators are used for this study: calories intake, protein intake, fat intake, food production, the ratio of total exports to food imports, soil fertility, length of growing period, coefficient of variation of length of growing period and urbanization. The analysis first identifies 5 distinct food security groups characterized by food intake then further split these groups based on similarities and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Factor analysis; Agricultural potential; Typology; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; C0; F0; O1. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51043 |
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| Evenson, Robert E.. |
| Genetically Modified Crops (GMO foods) have been widely available to farmers since 1996. The Gene Revolution, based on recombinant DNA (rDNA) genetic engineering techniques, is seen by proponents as both supplanting Green Revolution varieties, based on conventional plant breeding techniques, and potentially enabling disadvantaged production environments, unreached by Green Revolution varieties to achieve productivity improvements. This paper argues that the private firms supplying GM crop products have generally had little interest in selling products in disadvantaged production environments. The paper also argues that present rDNA techniques allow only static gains from specific trait improvements. But these GM products can be installed on Green... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified foods; Genetic engineering; Crop Production/Industries; O1; O4; Q1. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28504 |
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| Jabbar, Mohammad A.; Benin, Samuel; Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Z.; Paulos, Zelekawork. |
| In this paper, performance of a sample of 131 livestock traders in 38 rural Ethiopian highland markets was analysed in terms of their costs and margins, how these were influenced by their assets and trading practices, and the implications of the findings for policy were outlined. The paper is divided into three main sections: description of the profiles of traders, their assets, trading behaviour and practices; estimates of costs and margins for a set of recent transactions; and econometric analysis of the factors explaining differences in performance with a particular focus on transaction costs. Most traders used own capital as access to credit, especially formal credit, was limited. The livestock market was characterised by non-standardised products and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; D4; L1; O1; Q13. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25680 |
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| Registros recuperados: 70 | |
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