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Registros recuperados: 11
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Sialyl Oligosaccharides in the Milk of Japanese Women: Changes in Concentration during the Course of Lactation OAK
Sumiyoshi, Wataru; Urashima, Tadasu; Nakamura, Tadashi; Arai, Ikichi; Nagasawa, Takashi; Saito, Tadao; Tsumura, Norihiko; Wang, Bing; Brand-Miller, Janette; Watanabe, Yoko; Kimura, Kazumasa; 住吉, 渉; 浦島, 匡; 中村, 正; 荒井, 威吉; 長澤, 孝志; 齋藤, 忠夫; 津村, 宣彦; 渡邉, 陽子; 木村, 一雅.
The concentrations of the six major sialyl oligosaccharides found in the milk of 24 Japanese women were determined using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography of the 3-methyl-1-phenyl-5- pyrazolone derivatives of the oligosaccharides. The milk was collected at 4, 10, 30 and 100 days postpartum. The concentrations of all six oligosaccharides decreased during the course of lactation. The concentrations of 6'-sialyllactose, sialyllacto-N-tetraose b and disialyllacto-N-tetraose decreased only after 10 days postpartum, whereas those of sialyllacto-N-tetraose a and sialyllacto-N-neotetraose c as well as 3'-sialyllactose decreased from 4 days postpartum. Large differences were observed between present data and those previously reported for Italian...
Palavras-chave: Human milk; Sialyl oligosaccharide; Lactation period; PMP; Reverse phase HPLC.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3287
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POSSIBLE IMPACT OF THE NEW FRUIT AND VEGETABLE COMMON MARKET ORGANISATION REFORM ON THE INDUSTRIAL TOMATO SUPPLY CHAIN IN ITALY AgEcon
Arfini, Filippo; Donati, Michele; Giacomini, Corrado.
The objective of this paper is to provide an impact analysis of the Fruit and Vegetables CMO reform with respect the Italian processed tomato sector, including the evaluation of the effects on agriculture and on tomato industry. The impact on agriculture (tomato sector) at farm level, is evaluated by PMP models applied to FADN farms of Farm Type "fruit and vegetables" acting in Emilia Romagna, Veneto and Puglia. The impact on the industrial component of the chain is analysed in relation with the degree of resistance of processed tomato industries facing a likely positive trend of fresh tomato prices induced by the reform application. Result shows as full decoupling will have a very negative impact if industry doesn't differentiate their production...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Tomato Industry; CAP reform tomato sector; PMP; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6637
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IMPACTS OF CAP REFORM ON RURAL EMPLOYMENT: A MULTIMODELING CROSS COUNTRY APPROACH AgEcon
Mattas, Konstadinos; Arfini, Filippo; Midmore, Peter; Schmitz, P. Michael; Surry, Yves R..
Expected impacts due to recently introduced CAP reforms can be felt beyond the agricultural sector affecting the entire regional economy. Employment levels will be affected within the farming sector and probably non-agricultural sector will feel the pinch too. Policies influencing employment levels attract the attention of the media and the public. Therefore, policy makers are more sensitive on employment issues than rural and agricultural policies as it is widely admitted that no vibrant regions in Europe can be envisioned without enhancing job opportunities. The influence of CAP reform on employment has not been thoroughly studied within a comprehensive approach, accounting for agricultural and non-agricultural effects and covering the diversity of EU...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: CAP reform; Rural employment; I/O analysis; PMP; Qualitative analysis.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q12; Q18; R15..
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44801
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Estimating A Farm Group Model and Input Allocations Using Accountancy Data AgEcon
Gocht, Alexander; Heckelei, Thomas.
This paper proposes and applies an innovative estimation approach for farm group programming models using Generalised Maximum Entropy. The proposed set-up simultaneously determines calibrating cost function parameters and input allocations to production activities. The methodology is applied to Belgium FADN data of arable farms for which available input allocations allow to validate the estimation approach. Results outperform separate estimates of input allocations previously applied in the literature and this finding is robust with respect to support point design.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Mathematical programming; Input allocation; Production economics; Econometrics; GME; PMP; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61393
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Regional crop supply behaviour in the EU AgEcon
Jansson, Torbjorn; Heckelei, Thomas.
The objective of this paper is to present an evolution of PMP model suitable to estimate the revenue function and to provide price elasticity due to the variation of subsidies at farm level, especially if they are decoupled. This problem arises when individual data of farm households in a given region, coming from FADN, are used for implement PMP models finalized to policy analysis. This paper presents the theoretical background of the proposed innovations and empirical evidence on the basis of a sample of farms included in FADN database in Italy.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Bayesian estimation; Errors-in-variables; PMP; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44009
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Modelling the effects of an abolition of the EU sugar quota on internal prices, production and imports AgEcon
Nolte, Stephan; Buysse, Jeroen; Van der Straeten, Bart; Claeys, Dakerlia; Lauwers, Ludwig H.; Van Huylenbroeck, Guido.
We apply a spatial price equilibrium model of the world sugar market to simulate an abolishment of the EU quota system in 2015/16. To overcome the normative nature of the approach, we calibrate the model by attaching a non-linear cost term to each trade flow. This is in some regards similar to positive mathematical programming. We suggest an economic interpretation and an econometric specification of the cost term. Production in the EU increases to almost 16 million tons. Twelve member states increase production, seven reduce it. Preferential imports are significantly reduced. Simulated effects are found to be more pronounced the higher the world market price.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: CAP; Structural change; Sugar; TRQ; Spatial modelling; Trade preferences; PMP; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61346
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An attempt to modelling revenue insurance schemes at the farm level by means of Positive Mathematical Programming AgEcon
Severini, Simone; Cortignani, Raffaele.
Farmers face increasing income uncertainty and the debate is growing on the role of insurance schemes and of public support in this field. This paper applies a PMP modelling approach that takes into explicit consideration risk aversion behaviour to test its applicability to evaluating the potential impact of insurance schemes. This is done by introducing a revenue insurance scheme into a model developed on a small group of crop farms in Italy. The paper represents a preliminary assessment of the soundness of the proposed approach. It identifies some limitations that should be overcome to improve the proposed approach. Despite these limitations, it seems a useful tool to investigate the impact of insurance schemes and policy relevant parameters such as...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Insurance schemes; PMP; Farmers’ behaviour; Risk aversion; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; C61; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99431
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Organic Productions and Capacity to Respond to Market Signals and Policies: An Empirical Analysis of a Sample of FADN Farms AgEcon
Arfini, Filippo; Donati, Michele.
The paper approaches the problem of assessing the impacts of market and rural development policies oriented at stimulating the growth and spread of organic farming in Italy. From the methodological perspective, an innovative formulation of Pmp is presented and discussed; it is applied to a set of farms belonging to the FADN sample, specifically located in Emilia Romagna and Sicily. The Pmp model has the capacity to estimate the impact of policies on crops not yet present at the time the farm data was recorded. From the empirical standpoint, various sets of policies are simulated on cluster of farms both conventional and in course of conversion in organic production.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Organic products; PMP; CAP; Farm Management; Q12; C61; Q18; C38.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114229
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Modeling farmer participation to a revenue insurance scheme by means of Positive Mathematical Programming AgEcon
Severini, Simone; Cortignani, Raffaele.
European farmers face increasing income uncertainty and the debate is growing on the role of insurance schemes and of public support in this field. This debate is further stimulated by the perspective of introducing instruments to cope with risk also in the Common Agricultural Policy. Therefore, there is a need for empirical analysis and tools aimed at providing empirical evidences on this subject. This paper applies a PMP modelling approach that takes into explicit consideration risk aversion behaviour to test the possibility to use it to assess the implications of participating in a insurance scheme. This is done by introducing a revenue insurance scheme into a model developed on a small group of crop farms in Italy. In particular, a quadratic mix...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Insurance schemes; PMP; Farmers’ participation; Risk aversion; Non-linear mix-integer programming; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12; C61; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116001
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THE ABROGATION OF SET ASIDE AND THE INCREASE OF CEREAL PRICES: CAN THEY REVERT THE DECLINE OF CEREAL PRODUCTION GENERATED BY DECOUPLING? AgEcon
Severini, Simone; Valle, Stefano.
The decoupling of direct payments, caused by the introduction of the Single Payment Scheme (SPS), has generated an incentive for farmers to decrease the production of cereals, oilseeds and protein crops (COP) and (because of the reform of sugar CMO) sugar beet. In some cases, this has also provided a strong enough incentive for farmers to let some of the available land uncultivated in the years immediately following the introduction of the SPS. However, in the last few years, cereal prices have sharply increased under the pressure of a growing world demand. Under this situation, the EU Commission has abrogated the set aside requirement allowing the cultivation on idle land. In this way the Commission intends to allow EU farmers to take advantage of the new...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: CAP; Decoupling; Set Aside; Cereal Prices; PMP; Farmers behaviour.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q10; Q18.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44782
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Estimation of supply response in CAPRI AgEcon
Jansson, Torbjorn.
The primary objective of this paper is to estimate behavioural parameters of the quadratic regional supply models in the modelling system CAPRI, using the time series data in the CAPRI database. A secondary objective is to replace the constant yields of the original model by functions that depend on input use. Due to lack of statistical robustness, the second objective is not achieved, thus yields remain constant. A Bayesian highest posterior density estimator is developed to address the primary objective. After discarding regions with insufficient data, parameters for up to 23 crop production activities with related inputs, outputs, prices and behavioural functions are estimated for 165 regions in EU-15. The results are systematically compared to the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Bayesian estimation; Errors-in-variables; PMP; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q11; C32.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57030
Registros recuperados: 11
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