SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Ngwabie, Ngwa Martin.

Particulate matter (PM) serves as a carrier of adhesive gaseous compounds, and may result to an underestimation of gas emissions from livestock barns when only filtered air samples are analysed. PM concentrations have hardly been studied in the unique livestock production system of Sub-Saharan Africa. This study was aimed at generating baseline data for PM (total suspended particulates) concentrations and settling rates in laying hen barns with cemented floors and wood shavings added as an initial bedding material. Measurements were conducted in two naturally ventilated laying hen barns in Cameroon; a barn with 4 months old hens that had just stated laying eggs and a barn with 18 months old egg laying hens. PM concentration was determined gravimetrically...

Environmental conditions, potential heat-stress state and their relations in a sheep barn under hot climate

Palavras-chave: Air pollution; Climate change; Dust; Laying hens; Particulate matter; Total suspended particulates; Cameroon..

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5566

Papanastasiou, Dimitris K.; Panagakis, Panagiotis; Anestis, Vasileios; Bartzanas, Thomas; Skoufos, Ioannis; Tzora, Athina; Kittas, Constantinos.

The aim of this study was to examine climate conditions, air quality, potential heat stress and their relations in a sheep barn under Greek hot weather conditions. Hourly averaged values of temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and coarse and fine airborne Particulate Matter (PM) concentration recorded inside and outside a naturally ventilated sheep barn during July, August and September of 2015 were used. Indoors potential heat-stress levels were assessed by means of the Temperature Humidity Index (THI). Descriptive statistics were presented and relations between the environmental parameters and the THI values were investigated. The results showed that inside the sheep barn, THI was positively correlated (p < 0.0001) with temperature and wind...

Emissions inventory of greenhouse gases and ammonia from livestock housing and manure management

Palavras-chave: Hot climate; Air quality; Particulate matter; Heat-stress; Temperature Humidity Index; Sheep.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4913

Samer, Mohamed.

An emission inventory is a database on the amount of pollutants released into the atmosphere. The anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases are detrimental to the environment and the ecosystems. Therefore, reducing emissions is crucial. One key issue is to inventory these emissions, and consequently databases on anthropogenic emissions will be available for making decisions on implementing suitable mitigation strategies. Such investigations aim at developing national emissions inventory for domestic livestock and to identify possible abatement techniques in order to reduce these emissions. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to introduce and define the emissions inventories, review the emission inventory guides, introduce...

Emissions inventory of greenhouse gases and ammonia from livestock housing and manure management

Palavras-chave: Agricultural engineering; Agricultural buildings and bioenvironmental engineering emissions inventory; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Ammonia; Particulate matter; Livestock buildings; Manure; Emission factors; Emissions abatement techniques.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2449

Mohamed Samer; Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2449

Air quality assessment in different urban areas from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, using lichen transplants

Anais da ABC (AABC)

KOCH,NATÁLIA MOSSMANN; LUCHETA,FABIANE; KÄFFER,MÁRCIA ISABEL; MARTINS,SUZANA MARIA DE AZEVEDO; VARGAS,VERA MARIA FERRÃO.

Abstract Based on the need to monitor air pollution and on the importance of doing it with biological organisms, the present work had as main objective to assess air quality in urban areas through lichen transplants. Besides, we also tested whether there were differences among the studied sites, aiming to point out the main pollution characteristics of the areas. The monitoring was carried out in seven cities, which varied from mainly rural to mainly industrial, in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The foliose lichen Parmotrema tinctorum was used as the biomonitor species. Physiological tests and contents of sulphur and heavy metals were measured in the lichen thalli. Other pollutants assessed through air samplers were available for some cities, and...

Tracheal instillation of urban PM2.5 suspension promotes acute cardiac polarization changes in rats

Palavras-chave: Air pollution; Biomonitoring; Greenhouse gases; Heavy metals; Lichenized fungi; Particulate matter.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000502233

Maatz,L.F.; Wood,G.J.A.; Rivero,D.H.R.F.; Saldiva,P.H.N..

The mechanisms by which PM2.5 increases cardiovascular mortality are not fully identified. Autonomic alterations are the current main hypotheses. Our objective was to determine if PM2.5 induces acute cardiac polarization alterations in healthy Wistar rats. PM2.5 samples were collected on polycarbonate filters. Solutions containing 10, 20, and 50 µg PM2.5 were administered by tracheal instillation. P wave duration decreased significantly at 20 µg (0.99 ± 0.06, 0.95 ± 0.06, and 0.96 ± 0.07; P < 0.001), and 50 µg (0.98 ± 0.06, 0.98 ± 0.07, and 0.96 ± 0.08; 60, 90 and 120 min, respectively) compared to blank filter solution (P < 0.001). PR interval duration decreased significantly at 20 µg (0.99 ± 0.06, 0.98 ± 0.07, and 0.97 ± 0.08) and 50 µg (0.99 ±...

Air pollution and cardiovascular hospital admissions in a medium-sized city in São Paulo State, Brazil

Palavras-chave: ECG alterations; Particulate matter; PM2.5; Wave segments; Tracheal instillation; Cardiovascular disease.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000200009

Nascimento,L.F.C..

The objective of the present study was to estimate the contribution of environmental pollutants to hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease. A time series ecological study was conducted on subjects aged over 60 years and living in São José dos Campos, Brazil, with a population near 700,000 inhabitants. Hospital admission data of public health patients (SUS) were obtained from DATASUS for the period between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2006, according to the ICD-10 diagnoses I20 to I22 and I24. Particulate matter with less than 10 µm in aerodynamic diameter, sulfur dioxide and ozone were the pollutants examined, and the control variables were mean temperature and relative humidity. Data on pollutants were obtained from the São Paulo State Sanitary...

Estimating the average length of hospitalization due to pneumonia: a fuzzy approach

Palavras-chave: Air pollution; Particulate matter; Cardiovascular diseases; Time series studies.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011000700017

Nascimento,L.F.C.; Rizol,P.M.S.R.; Peneluppi,A.P..

Exposure to air pollutants is associated with hospitalizations due to pneumonia in children. We hypothesized the length of hospitalization due to pneumonia may be dependent on air pollutant concentrations. Therefore, we built a computational model using fuzzy logic tools to predict the mean time of hospitalization due to pneumonia in children living in São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil. The model was built with four inputs related to pollutant concentrations and effective temperature, and the output was related to the mean length of hospitalization. Each input had two membership functions and the output had four membership functions, generating 16 rules. The model was validated against real data, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was...

Relationship between pulmonary function and indoor air pollution from coal combustion among adult residents in an inner-city area of southwest China

Palavras-chave: Air pollutants; Fuzzy logic; Pneumonia; Particulate matter; Sulfur dioxide.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014001100977

Jie,Y.; Houjin,H.; Xun,M.; Kebin,L.; Xuesong,Y.; Jie,X..

Few studies evaluate the amount of particulate matter less than 2.5 mm in diameter (PM2.5) in relation to a change in lung function among adults in a population. The aim of this study was to assess the association of coal as a domestic energy source to pulmonary function in an adult population in inner-city areas of Zunyi city in China where coal use is common. In a cross-sectional study of 104 households, pulmonary function measurements were assessed and compared in 110 coal users and 121 non-coal users (≥18 years old) who were all nonsmokers. Several sociodemographic factors were assessed by questionnaire, and ventilatory function measurements including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), the FEV1/FVC ratio, and peak...

Effects of exposure to fine particulate matter in elderly hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases in the South of the Brazilian Amazon

Palavras-chave: Indoor air pollution; Coal combustion; Lung function; Particulate matter.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014001100982

Machin,A.B.; Nascimento,L.F.; Mantovani,K.; Machin,E.B..

Exposure to air pollution is an important cause of hospital admissions due to respiratory diseases. Nevertheless, few studies use pollutant concentration data estimated by mathematical models. A time-series ecological study was developed, using data from hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases in people over 60 years of age, residents of Cuiabá, Brazil, during 2012, obtained from the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The independent variables were the concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) estimated by mathematical modeling, minimum temperature, and relative humidity (obtained from the Brazilian Meteorological Agency), and the number of forest fires. The generalized linear regression model of Poisson was used, with lags...

Origine, devenir et contrôle de la matière particulaire dans les élevages de poissons marins en système recyclé

Palavras-chave: Air pollutants; Particulate matter; Respiratory diseases; Elderly health; Mathematical modeling.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000200604

Characteristics of the particulate matter during the Mai '92 experiment. Effect on ecophysiological functions on mussel and oyster populations.

Franco, Miguel.

The particulate matter plays an essential role in the functioning of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Rich in organic substances, it provides ideal conditions for the bacterial development, which contribute to its mineralization. The understanding of interactions between the bio-geochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen in these processes is necessary to define an effective and adapted management of aquaculture facilities. A methodology using natural stable isotopes (13C and 15N) and elemental carbon and nitrogen analysis on particulate matter, allows to identify its sources and to quantify its fluxes. Applying this methodology, we found an enrichment of 13C in dorsal muscle of reared fish and non differences of 13C in fish liver compared to the...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Nitrogen; Carbon; Isotopes; Organic matter; Particulate matter; Dicentrarchus labrax; Seabass; Recirculating systems; Aquaculture; Azote; Carbone; Isotopes; Matière organique; Matière particulaire; Dicentrarchus labrax; Bar; Système de recirculation; Aquaculture.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/these-322.pdf

Short scale (6 h) temporal variation of sinking fluxes of planktonic and terrigeneous lipids at 200 m in the NW Mediterranean Sea

Prou, Jean; Soletchnik, Patrick; Heral, Maurice; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Bougrier, Serge.

In order to complete the knowledge of seasonal variability of ecophysiological parameters, in situ experiment was conducted in May 1992 at the sampling site "Le Chapus". As in the previous experiments (May '91, October '91 and February '92), the race-way technique was used to study ecophysiological behavior of oyster and mussel populations submitted to natural variability.

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Pacific cupped oyster; Crassotrea gigas; Particulate matter; Pigments; Particle size distribution; Retention; Filtration; Mytilus edulis.

Ano: 1992

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00100/21091/18715.pdf

Seasonal variability of the advective transport of particulate matter and organic carbon in the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean)

Mejanelle, L.; Dachs, J..

Drifting sediment trap measurements were carried out at high temporal frequency in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea in the course of the DYNAPROC 2 campaign, during the transition between late summer to autumn conditions. Molecular biomarkers were analyzed in selected subsets of consecutive samples collected for 6 h at 200 m depth. Fluxes of n-alkanes, long-chain alkenones, sterols and steroid ketones show high variability between consecutive 6-h samples, comparable in range to seasonal variability. n-Alkane export ranges from 1.4 to 29.7 mu g m(-2) d(-1), fluxes of C(37) alkenones varies from 0 to 14.2 mu g m(-2) d(-1). Fluxes of sterols, steroid ketones and C(30) alkane diol respectively range from 31 to 377, 2.2 to 46 and 0.3 to 9.3 mu g m(-2) d(-1)....

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Long chain alkenones; North pacific ocean; Short term changes; Sediment traps; Fatty acids; Particulate matter; Alkyl diols; Alboran sea; Marine dinoflagellate; Organic geochemistry.

Ano: 2009

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00210/32098/30555.pdf

Lapouyade, Agnes; Durrieu De Madron, Xavier.

Nine hydrographic cruises were performed on the Gulf of Lion continental margin between June 1993 and July 1996. These observations are analysed to quantify the fluxes of particulate matter and organic carbon transported along the slope by the Northern Current and to characterise their seasonal variability. Concentration of particulate matter and organic carbon are derived from light-transmission data and water sample analyses. The circulation is estimated from the geostrophic current field. The uncertainty on the transport estimate, related to the error on the prediction of particle concentrations from light-transmission data and the error on velocities, is assessed. The particulate matter inflow entering the Gulf of Lion off Marseille is comparable to...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Transport advectif; Bilans; Golfe du Lion; Matière particulaire; Carbone organique; Advective transport; Budget; Gulf of Lion; Organic carbon; Particulate matter.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00322/43357/42823.pdf

Fonctionnement des marais maritimes atlantiques: échanges d'énergie et effets des flux aquacoles diffus

The calculation of particulate primary production in a stratified body of water using a modification of the Vollenweider formula

Bel Hassen, Malika.

French estuaries, from the Atlantic coast to the English channel, have been characterized by a poor phytoplankton biomass. The turbidity has always been considered as the limiting factor for phytoplankton. Estuarine ecosystems are situated at the boundary between the land and the sea. Consequently, they are subject to an enrichment by nutrient loadings from upland ecosystems. Although it has been demonstrated that a part of the nutrient loadings support an important benthic production. The part, which escapes to the estuarine benthic and planktonic food web and is exported to adjacent estuarine ecosystems, still remains undetermined. Quantifying the nu trient and particulate matter exchange between a macrotidal Bay, the Fier d'Ars, and the adjacent ocean...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Exportation; Matière dissoute; Fiers d'Ars; Systèmes d'Information Géographique; Importation; Usages; Lumière; Micorphytobenthos; Modélisation; Nutriments; Matière organique; Matière particulaire; Phytoplancton; Sédimentation; Aquaculture; Export; Dissolved matter; Fier d'Ars Bay; Geographic Information Systems; Import; Land use; Light; Microphytobenthos; Modelling; Nutrients; Organic matter; Particulate matter; Phytoplankton; Sedimentation.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00450/56185/57738.pdf

OMA

Mommaerts, J.-P..

A model which integrates particulate primary production over time (light-day) and depth (euphonic layer) was used extensively for calculations of the primary production results of the Fladen Ground Experiment (FLEX'76), and is described here in detail. The photosynthesis-light relationship occupies a central position in the computational scheme. The choice of an adequate relationship (here, a variant of the Vollenweider's (1965) expression), the properties of such a formula, and the relevant parameters are discussed in the paper. The proposed approach is useful whenever specific problems imply a reduction to elemental processes, as it was the case during the Fladen Ground Experiment. Thus, the difficulty of integrating primary production over a...