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Diversification strategies in small farms in Italy AgEcon
Salvioni, Cristina; Esposito, Laura; Henke, Roberto; Rondinelli, V..
Using the data gathered by the Business Survey on Agriculture survey on a stratified random sample of Italian farm businesses below 4 European economic size units as a case study, this paper explores the diffusion of diversification strategies among small farms. The analysis has shown that more than a half of small farms is adopting some form of diversification. Small farms are more strongly involved in pluriactivity, while their involvement in broadening and deepening strategies appears only marginal. This latter result is partly due to the underevaluation of diversification caused by the lack of detailed statistical information about diversified activities used by farms, and, partly, due to the structural characteristics of small farms. Smaller farms are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; R29; L25.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53964
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On the Role of Government in Food Staples Markets: Perspectives from Recent Research and Implications for Mozambique AgEcon
Tostao, Emilio; Tschirley, David L..
This brief reviews results of applied research regarding the role of government in staple food markets in East and Southern Africa. The purpose of the brief is to draw lessons for Mozambique as it decides how to use the grain storage silos it has been building since 2009. The authors suggest that: Mozambique is in an unusually strong position to take advantage of private sector activity to stabilize prices over time and space; Additional investment in road and rail infrastructure, incentives, and institutions, would help bring down transaction costs and allow private action to further stabilize prices; Additional stabilization, for those times when Mozambique has to rely on imports from the world market beyond what they normally make, could be obtained in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Africa; Mozambique; Food security; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Marketing; Q18; Q13; Q12.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62154
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Key Issues Affecting the Feasibility of Producer-Owned, Value-Added Ventures in the South AgEcon
Wolfe, Kent; Barefield, Alan.
The transition from agricultural producer to agribusiness entrepreneur is littered with obstacles not associated with traditional farming operations. Producers are typically faced with an established market for their products as well as defined production practices and budgets. These familiar industry institutions are not available for use in the agribusiness environment. As a result, entrepreneurs are faced with new, unfamiliar situations that can significantly affect the success of their proposed or fledging business.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agritourism; Cooperative; Demand; Economic development; Entrepreneur; Entrepreneurship; Goats; Value-added venture; Agribusiness; R11; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6513
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Farm Productivity and Efficiency in Rural Bangladesh: The Role of Education Revisited AgEcon
Asadullah, M. Niaz; Rahman, Sanzidur.
This paper reassesses the debate over the role of education in farm pro duction in Bangladesh using a large dataset on rice producing hous eholds from 141 villages. Average and stochastic production frontier functions are estimated to ascertain the effect of education on productivity and efficiency. A full set of proxies for farm education stock variables are incorporated to investigate the 'internal' as well as 'external' returns to education. The external effect is investigated in the context of rural neighborhoods. Our analysis reveals that in addition to raising rice productivity and boosting potential output, household education significantly reduces production inefficiencies. However, we are unable to find any evidence of externality benefit of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Returns to education; Stochastic production frontier; Bangladesh; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis; I21; Q12; N5.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25482
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EXOGENOUS PRODUCTION SHOCKS AND TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY AMONG TRADITIONAL IVORIEN RICE FARMERS AgEcon
Sherlund, Shane M.; Barrett, Christopher B..
This paper uses a unique panel data set and data envelopment analysis (DEA) to obtain estimates of technical efficiency for 492 traditional rice plots in Côte d'Ivoire. The objective of this paper is to explore the importance of explicitly controlling for exogenous shocks to production in technical efficiency estimation. We show how omission of such variables in highly stochastic production environments can lead to serious inferential errors, with potentially significant policy implications. Conventional DEA estimation of a production frontier, followed by second-stage Tobit estimation of the correlates of plot- level technical efficiency, suggest widespread and substantial inefficiency related to crop fragmentation and seed varieties. However, when...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Africa (Sub-Saharan); Ivory Coast; Production frontiers; Agricultural productivity; Rice.; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; O12; Q12; D2.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20945
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Subsurface Drip Irrigation Versus Center-Pivot Sprinkler for Applying Swine Effluent to Corn AgEcon
Carreira, Rita I.; Stoecker, Arthur L.; Epplin, Francis M.; Hattey, Jeffory A.; Kizer, Michael A..
A risk-averse irrigated corn producer would be better off choosing the more expensive subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) over center-pivot sprinkler (CPS), given limited aquifer life and swine effluent and urea fertilization. A stochastic optimization using EPIC data maximized expected utility of 100 years' worth of net revenues for a quarter section. Phosphorus accumulation was more likely with the CPS than with the SDI but soil nitrogen was constant under both systems. SDI conserves more water than CPS per acre but depletes the aquifer faster because a greater area is irrigated. These results were invariant in the sensitivity analysis.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Aquifer depletion; Center-pivot sprinkler irrigation; Certainty equivalent; Corn irrigation; Mathematical programming; Risk; Stochastic optimization; Subsurface drip irrigation; Crop Production/Industries; C61; C65; Q12; Q30; Q53.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43783
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New Zealand Wool Inside: A Discussion Case Study AgEcon
Conforte, Daniel; Dunlop, Samuel; Garnevska, Elena.
The IFAMR is the Official Journal of the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association: www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: New Zealand; Wool; Ingredients marketing; Branding; Wool carpets; Case study; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q13; Q12.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114716
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Incorporating Environmentally Compliant Manure Nutrient Disposal Costs into Least-Cost Livestock Ration Formulation AgEcon
Hadrich, Joleen C.; Wolf, Christopher A.; Black, J. Roy; Harsh, Stephen B..
Livestock rations are formulated to minimize feed cost subject to nutritional requirements for a target performance level, which ignores the potentially substantial cost of disposing of nutrients fed in excess of nutritional requirements. We incorporate nutrient disposal costs into a modified least-cost ration formulation model to arrive at a joint least-cost decision that minimizes the sum of feed and net nutrient disposal costs. The method is demonstrated with phosphorus disposal costs on a representative dairy farm. Herd size, land availability and proximity, crop rotation, and initial soil phosphorus content are shown to be important in determining phosphorus disposal costs.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental compliance; Linear programming; Livestock rations; Manure disposal; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; C61; Q12; Q52.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45525
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Estimation of Actual and potential adoption rates and determinants of a new technology not universally known in the population: The case of NERICA rice varieties in Guinea AgEcon
Diagne, Aliou; Sogbossi, Marie-Josee; Simtowe, Franklin; Diawara, Sekou; Diallo, Abdoulaye Sadio; Barry, Alpha Bacar.
The NERICA (New Rice for Africa) rice varieties, developed by the Africa Rice Center during the 1990s, are providing hopes for raising the productivity of upland rice farmers in Africa because of their reported high yield potential and adaptability to the African conditions. The varieties are new and not widely disseminated in farming communities and there is lot of interest in the donor community in knowing their potential for widespread adoption across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, when a technology is new and the target population is not universally exposed it, the observed sample adoption rate and classical models of adoption widely used in adoption studies does not inform reliably on its potential adoption and constraint to it in the full...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: NERICA varieties; Technology Diffusion and adoption; Average Treatment Effect; Guinea; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; O33; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51644
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The Nature of the Diversified Farm Household AgEcon
Mann, Stefan.
This paper presents a theoretical approach that explains farm household diversification decisions by the relative attractiveness of both food production and family businesses. The empirical analysis of diversified activities of Swiss farm households shows that a low household income leads to diversification by off-farm activities, while a high income leads to diversification by on-farm activities. It is also shown that arable farms, mountain farms and farm households with a non-agricultural education are more likely to enter off-farm activities.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Diversification; Switzerland; Household; Consumer/Household Economics; Industrial Organization; Labor and Human Capital; P42; Q12.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56726
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ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF A BAN AGAINST ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS USED IN U.S. BEEF PRODUCTION AgEcon
Mathews, Kenneth H., Jr..
Economic effects for three scenarios of antimicrobial drug use in livestock production -- a no-ban scenario and two levels of bans -- are examined through cost minimization and a partial equilibrium analysis. Results indicate that regulating antimicrobial drug use in livestock production would increase per-unit costs of producers previously using drugs and reduce beef supplies in the short run, reducing consumer surplus. Producers not previously using drugs would benefit from short-run price increases.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Antimicrobial drug; Ban; Beef production; Cost minimization; Feed efficiency; Growth function; Growth promotant; Livestock Production/Industries; C61; D21; D41; I118; Q11; Q12; Q18; R38.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15068
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Contributions towards climate change vulnerability and resilience from institutional economics AgEcon
Diaz Simal, P.; Torres Ortega, S..
This paper analyzes the various contributions made in the economic literature that influence climate change vulnerability. We try to create conceptual order and transparence in the contributions identifying the assumptions and constraints that each school has introduced into academic debate and practical application. We analyze the conceptual framework that articulates the debate, review the theoretical approaches developed in the literature identifying the object of analysis and the basics of each theory, so that the real model implications are established in each case study. From this scheme we derive a clarifying proposal for organizing theoretical discourse. We specifically focus on the theoretical assumptions underlying each model. We conclude with...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Evolutionary; Institutional; Resilience; Vulnerability; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Q12; C23.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117621
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Approche méthodologique. Analyse de la compétitivité et l'évolution des avantages comparatifs dans la sous-région. AgEcon
Diallo, Boubacar Cisse; Crawford, Eric W.; Dembele, Niama Nango.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Mali; Food security; Rice; Maize; West Africa; Competivity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q12; Q18; Q17; Q13.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58550
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The Niger Food Crisis: Causes and Implications for Research and Development from an Integrated Agricultural Economics Perspective AgEcon
Abele, Steffen; Twine, Edgar.
During the 2004 food crisis in Niger, the weakness of the main production system, millet, to produce enough food to sustain short term crises, has been revealed. Questions arise how the Nigerian smallholder systems can be assisted by research and development policies to intensify production and improve food security. The paper assesses technical options according to their economic sustainability. A sequence of models is applied: On plot level, production functions of inter cropping systems were estimated to determine yields and their variability of the major crops. These data were fed in a nonlinear program to test the inn ovations, first at stable prices, then at declining prices that were obtained from an interregional trade model. The latter was shocked...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food security; Niger; Small scale farming; Risk management; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O13; Q01; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25557
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Globalization and Poverty in Senegal: A Worst Case Scenario? AgEcon
Maertens, Miet; Colen, Liesbeth; Swinnen, Johan F.M..
There is no consensus about how globalization –trade and foreign investments – affects poverty reduction. Using household survey data, this study contributes to the empirical literature on globalization and poverty by analyzing the household-level implications of increased foreign investments and trade in the horticulture sector in Senegal. In many aspects this represents what many would consider a “worst-case scenario”. Stringent rich country standards are imposed on exports and the supply chain is controlled by a single multinational company with extreme levels of supply base consolidation, full vertical integration and complete exclusion of smallholder suppliers. We analyze and quantify income and poverty effects under these “worst-case conditions” and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Trade; FDI; Poverty; Vertical coordination; Modern supply chains; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F2; J43; O12; Q12; Q17.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51668
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Analysis of Hungarian Agricultural Subsidies on the Basis of FADN Database AgEcon
Keszthelyi, Krisztian; Nemeth, Peter; Pesti, Csaba S..
On the basis of the micro-economic data of the Hungarian FADN system we analysed the role of subsidies in the profitability of farms, we aimed to reveal which types of farming and economic sizes are effected more by subsidies related to efficiency and profitability. The agricultural enterprises' balance of taxes and subsidies counted from the micro-economic data of FADN enterprises was also analysed in the different type of farming categories and economic size classes. Our aim was to find out what types of farms are subsidized and what types are net payers to the central budget. Examining the pre-tax profit we made the conclusion that with the increase of economic size not only the proportion of profitable farms rises, but the profit per size unit...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural subsidies; Profitability; Payments of agricultural enterprises; FADN; Agricultural Finance; Q12.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24689
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THEME OVERVIEW: INNOVATIONS TO SUPPORT BEGINNING FARMERS AND RANCHERS AgEcon
Thilmany, Dawn D.; Sureshwaran, Suresh.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Beginning Farmers; Extension Models; Farmer Demographics; Farm Management; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109474
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2008 Michigan Dairy Industry Survey AgEcon
Bitsch, Vera.
The Michigan State University (MSU) Dairy Team conducted an industry survey with the objectives of identifying and rating industry priorities. After holding discussion groups across the state, two questionnaires were developed and sent to 2,237 dairy farm owners and operators and 480 allied industry professionals in the state; 23.4% of the dairy farmers and 28.1% of the allied industry professionals returned questionnaires with useable data. This report summarizes respondents’ ratings of industry issues, as well as education and knowledge needs. In addition, educational preferences, management practices, Internet use and access, demographic information, and farm characteristics are outlined.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Dairy farmers; Dairy industry; Extension evaluation; Information sources; Internet use; Survey questionnaire; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; M0; Q12; Q13; Q14; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51842
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Cost and Return Structure for the Promising Enterprise of Off-Season Vegetables in Himachal Pradesh AgEcon
Bala, Brij; Sharma, Nikhil; Sharma, R.K..
The costs and returns structure has been reported for the production of major off-season vegetables, viz. tomato, cabbage cauliflower and peas in two vegetable-dominated developmental blocks of the district Kullu. Primary data have been collected through survey method for the agricultural year 2007-08. The study has revealed that per hectare cost A1 was highest for tomato, followed by cabbage, cauliflower and lowest for peas, among the selected vegetables. However, per quintal cost of cultivation has been found to be highest for peas, followed by cauliflower, tomato and cabbage. Costs on plant protection measures have been the major constituents of cost A1 in all the crops, followed by expenditure on seed and fertilizers. Vegetables being the...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Off-season vegetables; Himachal Pradesh; Cabbage; Tomato; Cauliflower; Peas; Cropping pattern; Economics of off-season vegetables; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q13; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109512
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Milchproduktion im Übergang - eine Analyse von regionalen Potenzialen und Gestaltungsspielräumen AgEcon
Lassen, Birthe J.; Isermeyer, Folkhard; Friedrich, Carina.
Zusammenfassung: In der vorliegenden Studie erfolgt eine regional differenzierte Analyse der Milchproduktion. Grundlage sind neben zahlreichen agrarstatistischen Quellen auch Expertenpanels in ausgewählten Regionen. Es werden Schlussfolgerungen über die künftige Standortorientierung der Milchproduktion innerhalb Deutschlands abgeleitet und mögliche Begleitmaßnahmen zum Quotenausstieg bewertet. Die Abschaffung der kleinräumigen Quotenhandelsgebiete hat Produktionsverlagerungen über Ländergrenzen hinweg ermöglicht. Es ist zu erwarten, dass sich die Milchproduktion weiter auf wenige Produktionszentren verstärkt. Die Milchproduktion wird somit vermehrt auf Grünlandstandorte wandern; allerdings gibt es auch Grünlandstandorte, die Produktionsanteile verlieren....
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Milchproduktion; Milchquote; Begleitmaßnahmen; Produktionskosten; Standortanalyse; Dairy production; Milk quota; Production costs; Analysis of location factors; Accompanying measures with regard to the possible milk quota exit; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Q11; Q12; Q14; Q18.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108253
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