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| Dunham, Jason; University of Nevada-Reno; jdunham@proaxis.com; Peacock, Mary; University of Nevada-Reno; mpeacock@scs.unr.edu; Tracy, C. Richard; University of Nevada-Reno; dtracy@unr.edu; Nielsen, Jennifer; Stanford University; jnielsen@leland.stanford.edu; Vinyard, Gary; University of Nevada-Reno; gvinyard@med.unr.edu. |
| Risks of population extinction have been estimated using a variety of methods incorporating information from different spatial and temporal scales. We briefly consider how several broad classes of extinction risk assessments, including population viability analysis, incidence functions, and ranking methods integrate information on different temporal and spatial scales. In many circumstances, data from surveys of neutral genetic variability within, and among, populations can provide information useful for assessing extinction risk. Patterns of genetic variability resulting from past and present ecological and demographic events, can indicate risks of extinction that are otherwise difficult to infer from ecological and demographic analyses alone. We provide... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Extinction risk; Genetic variation; Incidence function analysis; Population viability analysis; Ranking methods; Risk assessment; Spatial scale; Temporal scale.. |
| Ano: 1999 |
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| Lovell, Chris; Centre for Ecology and Hydrology; c&c.lovell@xtra.co.nz; Mandondo, Alois; ; mandondo@africaonline.co.zw; Moriarty, Patrick; ; moriarty@irc.nl. |
| Lessons from integrated natural resource management (INRM) practiced at different scales are reviewed, with a focus on catchment management. INRM is complex, and many interactions have to be addressed. Consequently, the scale of investigation can restrict the generality and utility of the findings. Examples show that temporal, biophysical, and institutional scales can each be critical. Contexts and dynamics associated with particular scales, and interactions or lateral flows that become important with increasing scale, also pose serious challenges. A conceptual framework is presented for scaling issues in INRM and how to deal with them. To benefit many people over large areas within sensible time frames requires considerable political will, investment, and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Common property management; Community-based natural resource management; Devolution; Going to scale; Integrated catchment management; Integrated natural resource management; Integrated water resource management; Participatory watershed development; Scaling-out; Scaling-up; Spatial scale; Temporal scale. |
| Ano: 2002 |
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| Le Floc'H, Pascal; Bertignac, Michel; Curtil, Olivier; Macher, Claire; Mariat-roy, Emilie; Paulet, Yves-marie. |
| This study considers how to reconcile different spatial scales to find the best common denominator to be used as an ecosystem-based management unit. For this, two fishery production zones differing ecologically, economically, legally and institutionally were investigated. The first case study is located within French territorial waters, in a MPA created in 2007- the Parc Naturel Marin d'Iroise (PNMI). The second case study, the Bay of Biscay, covers both territorial waters and the French exclusive economic zone. The paper adopts a multidisciplinary approach. Relevant questions concern how marine space is shared between exploited species and fishing fleets, especially the spatial mobility strategies they employ. An assessment of the institutional system... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Spatial scale; Ecosystem-based fisheries management; Marine protected area; Socio-system. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00460/57191/59156.pdf |
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| 高田, まゆら; 鈴木, 牧; 落合, 啓二; 浅田, 正彦; 宮下, 直; Takada, Mayura; Suzuki, Maki; Ochiai, Keiji; Asada, Masahiko; Miyashita, Tadashi. |
| シカによる水稲被害が深刻化している千葉県房総半島南部において、約 350 軒の稲作農家を対象とした聞き取りアンケート調査から、シカによる水稲被 害のレベルを定量化し、それをシカの局所密度と水田周辺の景観構造により説 明する統計モデルを構築した。その結果、被害レベルはシカ密度に加え、対象 水田から半径400m 以内の景観構造により影響を受けていることが明らかにな った。具体的には、水田周囲の森林率の増加に伴い被害は大きくなること、ま たシカの高密度地域では周辺景観の林縁長が長いと被害が軽減される傾向があ ることがわかった。この空間スケールは、既往研究から示された房総のシカの 行動圏や食物の質、妊娠率が決まる空間スケールとほぼ一致していた。次に統 計モデルを用いて被害が軽度に維持されるシカ密度をシカ分布域とその周辺を 含めた地域で推定し、水稲被害のリスクマップを作成したところ、被害が軽度 に維持されるシカ密度は地域の景観構造により大きく異なることがわかった。 異質な景観構造をもつ地域では、こうしたリスクマップと現在のシカ生息密度 とを比較し、短期的な捕獲目標個体数を局所レベルで定めることで、被害防除 努力をより効率的に配分することができるだろう。 The sika deer population (Cervus nippon) in the Boso Peninsula of Chiba, central Japan, has expanded dramatically in recent decades, causing serious damage to rice crops. To predict the level of damage, we conducted approximately 350... |
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Palavras-chave: アンケート調査; 大型草食獣; 空間スケール; 地理情報システム; 農業被害; Agricultural damage; Geographic information system; Interview survey; Large herbivore; Spatial scale. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/2885 |
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