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| Registros recuperados: 17 | |
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| Sedjo, Roger A.. |
| Governments often use fiscal, exchange rate, monetary policy as well as export promotion tax increases, privatization, and land reform as part of comprehensive adjustments packages for addressing economic imbalances, balance of payments, and structural weaknesses. Such approaches, however, have come under heavy criticism for failing to recognize the social and environmental costs associated with them. Critics have argued that economic growth, trade liberalization, and increased primary product exports increase pressure on many sectors, including the agricultural and forestry land use sectors. This paper examines a number of these types of external shocks. This paper makes two arguments. First, from a theoretical economic perspective, although in many cases... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Forests; Sustainability; Macroeconomics; Trade; Exchange rates; Structural adjustment; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10458 |
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| Hu, Wuyang. |
| This article introduces a discrete choice model which incorporates a nonlinear structural adjustment to the standard utility coefficients or decision weights. The proposed model is theoretically and empirically appealing when compared to several alternative approaches, and it can be estimated by conventional maximum likelihood. Application of the proposed model in a case study shows that it outperforms two competing approaches in model fit. Given its simplicity, this model is also capable of revealing consumers' heterogeneous choices. It is shown that based on consumers' different characteristics, their product choice and its welfare implications are also potentially different. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Logit models; Stated choice; Structural adjustment; Weights; Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7076 |
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| Fardmanesh, Mohsen; Tan, Li. |
| This paper studies the structural impact of wage and price control policies in socialist transitional economies using a two-sector three-factor small open economy model. It illustrates the results quantitatively via simulation exercises. At the earlier stage of the transition when labor is immobile, a strict control on the price of the non-tradables and the wage rate minimizes the fall in employment and output. Also, a more severe control on the price of the non-tradables than on the wage rate alleviates the fall in the real wage at negligible costs in lost employment and output. At the later stage of the transition when labor becomes mobile, the liberalization of the price of the nontradables can proceed faster than that of the wage rate. This policy... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Liberalization; Structural adjustment; Price policy; Wage policy; Socialist transitional economies; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28515 |
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| Campos, Monica; Jaklic, Tina; Juvancic, Luka. |
| The paper is investigating the recent evolution of farm productivity in five EU New Member States (NMS): Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Poland and Slovenia. More precisely, the paper deals with determinants influencing farm productivity in a changing market and policy environment brought by their full integration to the CAP. With a combination of multivariate statistics and econometric techniques, it attempts to identify and explain the patterns of agricultural labour productivity change in the period 2003-2005. Results suggest that adjustment patterns are diverging and are region-specific, depending mainly on the initial farm structural conditions, and availability of non-farm jobs. Policy implications of the paper suggest that agricultural policy should... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Structural adjustment; Farm productivity; Farming types; EU-accession; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Q12; R11. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95315 |
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| Lofgren, Hans; Robinson, Sherman; Thurlow, James. |
| Zambia's strong dependence on copper exports has suppressed other tradables sectors, indicative of a Dutch disease phenomenon. The current copper crisis will have strong economic effects, possibly reversing such Dutch disease effects. We use a computable general equilibrium model built around a 1995 social accounting matrix to simulate the short- and long-run effects of two scenarios that reflect the current crisis, a 20 percent reduction in world copper prices and a complete collapse of copper mining. Compared to the short run, the long run is characterized by more flexibility in production technology and capital allocation. Both scenarios require a significant reduction in the "non-copper" trade deficit, absorption, and household consumption. The... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Copper; Structural adjustment; Agriculture; General equilibrium; International Development; C68; O55; Q17; Q32. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25805 |
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| Ranis, Gustav. |
| This paper reviews the development experience since the 1980's and finds room for guarded optimism about what we can learn from it. Firstly, a global consensus is emerging on the need for macro-economic stability through prudent fiscal, monetary and foreign exchange policies. However, at the micro or structural level, while governments need to decentralize their decision-making authority more fully than they have thus far, in reaction to the recent reappraisal of the East Asian model there is some danger that development policy will swing too far in rejecting liberalization and returning to government intervention. Secondly, the paper points out that, while there exists a well-recognized causal nexus between exports and growth, the reverse causation also... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Development; Structural adjustment; Stabilization; Multi-lateral development banks; East Asian miracle; International Development. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28529 |
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| Baird, Catherine A.; Gyles, Oliver. |
| An early-mid project evaluation of the benefits and costs of the Tragowel Plains Salinity Management Plan estimated the net cost after six years at A$ 5.5 million. The cumulative cash flows for the water transfer, drainage and halophyte programs were all positive with benefit to cost ratios (BCRs) of 3.2, 1.3 and 1.1. Inclusion of estimated future benefits and costs to year 30 gave BCRs of 13.7, 1.3 and 4.0 with net present values (NPVs) of A$ 18.8 million, 2.5 million and 0.4 million respectively. Net costs for other integrated programs including salinity survey, whole farm planning, facilitation of structural adjustment, revegetation and coordination of implementation reduced the NPV of the first six years of implementation to A$ 12.1 million. The water... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Salinity; Structural adjustment; Water transfer; Water market; Tragowel Plains; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123760 |
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| Dimitri, Carolyn; Effland, Anne; Conklin, Neilson C.. |
| The structure of farms, farm households, and the rural communities in which they exist has evolved markedly over the last century. Historical data on a range of farm structure variables—including the value of agricultural production, commodity specialization, farming-dependent counties, and off-farm work—offer a perspective on the long-term forces that have helped shape the structure of agriculture and rural life over the past century. These forces include productivity growth, the increasing importance of national and global markets, and the rising influence of consumers on agricultural production. Within this long-term context of structural change, a review of some key developments in farm policy considers the extent to which farm policy design has or has... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Farm policy; Farm structure; Policy adjustment; Structural adjustment; Mechanization; Productivity growth; Global markets; Consumer stakeholders; Price and income support; Farm policy history; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59390 |
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| Arndt, Channing. |
| This paper outlines the complex historical legacy and structural adjustment efforts in Mozambique in addition to reviewing recent economic developments. An in-depth analysis of new and more reliable national accounts data show that macroeconomic stabilisation has occurred through recovery from a suppressed outset. Yet, easy import substitution has now been used up, and structural transformation on the export side remains to be addressed. Moreover, a coherent development strategy geared towards poverty reduction is still to be implemented. The government budget also remains problematic, and aid dependency continues. Accordingly, fundamental development challenges lie ahead. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Structural adjustment; Mozambique; Historical analysis; Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28657 |
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| Registros recuperados: 17 | |
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