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| Abele, Steffen; Voigt, Peter; Weingarten, Peter. |
| Subsistence agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) has only recently gained interest from agricultural economists. Their origin, their future and even their definition is still not well elaborated. This paper tries to throw light on the issue of subsistence farming in CEE. It first discusses the theoretical and empirical background of subsistence agriculture. This part is followed by a typology of subsistence farming as found in CEE. Analysis considers several hypotheses on the cause of subsistence agriculture, among them the structure of land ownership, market imperfections and lack of alternative income sources or low opportunity costs of labour respectively. Of all these hypotheses, only the latter can be proofed empirically, which is done by a... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Subsistence agriculture; Transition; Central and Eastern Europe; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24880 |
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| Gale, H. Frederick, Jr.; Tang, Ping; Bai, Xianhong; Xu, Huijun. |
| Rural households in China have traditionally consumed food mostly grown on their own farms. While they continue to rely on self-produced grains, vegetables, meats, and eggs for a large portion of their diet, rural households are now purchasing more of their food as they enter the mainstream of the Chinese economy. Cash purchases of food by rural Chinese households increased 7.4 percent per year from 1994 to 2003. Consumption has shifted from self-produced to purchased food at a rate faster than can be explained by income growth or changes in other household characteristics. The move away from self-produced food is associated with lower consumption of staple grains, the most important self produced food in rural Chinese diets. Food consumed away from home... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: China; Food; Consumption; Expenditures; Rural; Commercialization; Subsistence agriculture; Engel analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7256 |
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| Thomaz,Edivaldo Lopes. |
| ABSTRACT Fire is a key controlling factor in ecosystem dynamics worldwide, especially, in tropical areas under slash-and-burn agricultural systems. Farmers use fire as a tool to clean the land, and benefit from nutrient enrichment from ash-soil heating. However, fire can cause some detrimental effects on soil systems, such as organic carbon depletion, increased soil erodibility, and changes to aggregate stability. In this study, an experimental fire was applied to a plot of land following the local traditional practice of slash-and-burn. The fire temperature was monitored in the field, and its effect on soil aggregate stability was assessed. The fire temperature on soil surface was measured in four trenches, and it ranged from 355 to 660 °C (average 484 ±... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Burn severity; Prescribed fire; Soil erodibility; Marginal land; Subsistence agriculture. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162017000200157 |
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