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| Registros recuperados: 31 | |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi. |
| This paper empirically identifies social learning and neighborhood effects in schooling investments in a new technology regime. The estimates of learning-investment rule from farm household panel data at the onset of the Green Revolution in India, show that (1) agents learn about schooling returns from income realizations of their neighbors and (2) schooling distribution of the parents’ generation in a community has externalities to schooling investments in children that are consistent with social learning. Simulations show that variations in schooling distributions within and across communities generate through social learning substantial variations in child enrollment rate and average household income. The results suggest that imperfect information... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Human capital; Social learning; Neighborhood effects; Income risk; Schooling distribution; Technical change; India; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59592 |
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| Bohi, Douglas R.. |
| This study analyzes sources of productivity change in petroleum exploration and development in the United States over the last ten years. There have been several major developments in the industry over the last decade that have led to dramatic reductions in the cost of finding and developing oil and natural gas resources. While some of the cost savings are organizational and institutional in nature, the most important changes are in the application of new technologies used to find and produce oil and gas: 3D seismology, horizontal drilling, and deepwater drilling. Not all the innovation is endogenous to the industry; some rests on outside advances (such as advances in high-speed computing that enabled 3D seismology), as well as learning-by-doing. The... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Petroleum supply; Technical change; World oil market; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q31; O31. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10902 |
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| Mekhora, Thamrong; McCann, Laura M.J.. |
| Shrimp farming in Thailand has had disastrous effects on the environment in the past, which has prompted a government ban on shrimp production in inland areas. However, a new low-salinity shrimp farming system has developed that seems to have fewer disease and environmental problems than previous systems but competes with rice production for land and water resources. The present study found that shrimp farming exhibits increasing returns to scale and is much more profitable than rice farming, which offers opportunities for rice farmers to improve their incomes through diversification. No evidence was found for external environmental effects of shrimp production on rice production or vice versa. A total ban on shrimp production in rice farming areas... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Environment; Rice; Shrimp; Technical change; Thailand; Q12; Q16; Q24; Q28. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43217 |
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| Evenson, Robert E.; Huffman, Wallace E.. |
| This paper presents (1) a conceptual framework for structural change when farms may be multiproduct or specialized and (2) an econometrics examination of causes of structural and total factor productivity (TFP) change for U.S. agriculture. Farm size, farm specialization, and part-time farming are the structural dimension emphasized, and they become potential channels to TFP change. Using state aggregate data starting in 1950, we conclude that input prices, public and private research, public extension, and government commodity programs have directly and indirectly caused change in U.S. farm structure and TFP. Our results suggest that changes in farm size, however, have been dominated by input price changes rather than by technology or government programs. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Farm structure; Productivity; Farm size; Farm specialization; Part-time farming; Research; Technical change; Agriculture; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28518 |
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| Hockmann, Heinrich; Kopsidis, Michael. |
| Even after more then ten years after the beginning of the transition process, Russian agriculture shows only limited sign of a recovery. Production has not reached the level of the pre-transition period and investment is still on a very low level. In this paper we use the "Theory of Induced Innovation" in order to access the development of production structures in Russia and to identify the major obstacles for restructuring. We argue that due to multiple market failure (capital, labour) and inappropriate institutional arrangements inherited from Soviet times hinder the development of Russian agriculture. Both reasons causes that agricultural enterprises have difficulties with regard to an adjustment of factor input and production corresponding to the real... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Technical change; Efficiency; Russia; Agriculture; Induced innovation theory; Agribusiness; Q11; Q16. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24652 |
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| Krasachat, W.. |
| The main purposes of this study are to quantitatively investigate the production structure and the pattern of technical change in Thai agriculture for the period of 1972-94. A translog variable cost function framework is used to estimate a system of the cost function and the associated cost share equations for Thai agriculture. The system is estimated using the iterative seemingly unrelated regression method applied to a panel of 92 observations, comprising annual data from 1972 to 1994 for four regions in Thailand. The analytical results indicate that there were scale economies, low technical progress, and complementarities between capital and fertiliser, capital and hired labour, and capital and unpaid family labour. Technical change was biased toward... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Production structure; Technical change; Thai agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123688 |
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| Rada, Nicholas E.; Buccola, Steven T.; Fuglie, Keith O.. |
| Brazil now is the largest coffee, sugar, and fruit juice producer, second-largest soybean and beef producer, and third-largest corn and broiler producer. It has overtaken the U.S. in poultry exports, nearly matches the U.S. in soybean exports, and dominates global trade in frozen orange juice. To test and better understand these advances, we draw on decennial farm censuses to examine technical change and efficiency in Brazilian agriculture. Our approach is to estimate a stochastic, multi-product, output distance frontier, using a translog functional form and data disaggregated to the micro-region (sub-state) level. Using two consecutive decennial farm censuses, we combine state-level Fisher productivity-change indexes with state-level translog distance... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Shephard distance function; Stochastic frontier; Technical change; Technical efficiency; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49317 |
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| MacAuley, Molly K.; Shih, Jhih-Shyang; Aronow, Emily; Austin, David H.; Bath, Tom; Darmstadter, Joel. |
| In this paper we develop a cost index-based measure of the expected consumer welfare gains from innovation in electricity generation technologies. To illustrate our approach, we estimate how much better off consumers would be from 2000 to 2020 as renewable energy technologies continue to be improved and gradually adopted, compared with a counterfactual scenario that allows for continual improvement of conventional technology. We proceed from the position that the role and prospects of renewable energy are best assessed within a market setting that considers competing energy technologies and sources. We evaluate five renewable energy technologies used to generate electricity: solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, geothermal, wind, and biomass. For each, we... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Energy economics; Technical change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q4; O3. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10588 |
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| Shaik, Saleem. |
| This paper has a two-fold contribution. First, it examines the importance of accounting for (in)efficiency in the estimation of primal production function on the input elasticities, technical change, and calculation of returns to scale. Second, it applies a variant of the rolling regression technique to identify time-varying input elasticities, technical change, and return to scale. Empirical application to the Asian agriculture sector using Food and Agricultural Organization data from 1961-2005 indicates returns to scale are underestimated by the traditional pooled and panel models. Further, the time-varying estimates of input elasticities, technical change, and returns to scale indicate variations with each additional year of information. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Asian agriculture sector; Time-varying input elasticities; Technical change; And returns to scale; Pooled; Two-way random effect; Stochastic frontier analysis; 1961-2005.; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44308 |
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| Registros recuperados: 31 | |
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